I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi

I-ejenti yokunciphisa amanzi, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-plasticizer, iwuhlobo lwezithako zamakhemikhali ezisetshenziswa kukhonkolo nezinye izinto zikasimende ukuze kuncishiswe inani lamanzi adingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okufiselekayo namandla. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi kungathuthukisa izinga likakhonkolo, kwandise ukuqina kwawo, futhi kunciphise izindleko zokwakhiwa kwazo zonke.

Ama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi asebenza ngokuhlakaza kanye/noma ngokususa izinhlayiya zikasimende engxubeni kakhonkolo, okunciphisa ukungqubuzana kwezinhlayiyana futhi kwandise ukugcwala kwengxube. Lokhu kwenza ingxube ibe lula ukusebenza ngayo futhi kunciphisa inani lamanzi adingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukuwohloka okufiswayo noma ukusebenza. Ngokunciphisa isilinganiso samanzi-samente, amandla nokuqina kokhonkolo kuyathuthukiswa.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi: i-lignosulfonates nama-polymers okwenziwa. Ama-Lignosulfonates atholakala ku-pulp yezinkuni futhi avame ukusetshenziswa kukhonkolo yamandla aphansi kuya kokulinganisela. Azibizi kakhulu futhi sezisetshenziswe iminyaka eminingi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ama-polymers okwenziwa akhiqizwa ngamakhemikhali futhi anganikeza ukuncipha okukhulu kwesidingo samanzi nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, okuwenza afanelekele ukusetshenziswa kukhonkolo esebenza kahle kakhulu.

Ama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi angasetshenziswa ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukhonkolo we-precast, ukhonkolo oxutshwe ngomumo, i-shotcrete, kanye nokhonkolo ozihlanganisayo. Zingabuye zisetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kukakhonkolo esimweni sezulu esishisayo, ukunciphisa ingozi yokuqhekeka, nokunciphisa izindleko eziphelele zokwakha.

Kafushane, ama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi ayizithasiselo zamakhemikhali ezinciphisa inani lamanzi adingekayo ukuze kuzuzwe ukusebenza okufunayo namandla kakhonkolo nezinye izinto zikasimende. Basebenza ngokuhlakaza kanye/noma ngokususa izinhlayiya zikasimende, banciphise ukungqubuzana kwezinhlayiyana futhi bakhulise uketshezi lwengxube. Ukusetshenziswa kwama-ejenti okunciphisa amanzi kungathuthukisa ikhwalithi nokuqina kukakhonkolo, kunciphise ingozi yokuqhekeka, futhi kunciphise izindleko eziphelele zokwakha.