Ucwaningo ngokuziphatha kwe-rheological kwe-konjac glucomannan kanye nesistimu ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Isistimu eyinhlanganisela ye-konjac glucomannan (KGM) ne-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) yathathwa njengento yocwaningo, futhi ukuhlolwa kokushefa okuqinile kwesimo, imvamisa kanye nokushanela kwezinga lokushisa kwenziwa ohlelweni lwenhlanganisela nge-rheometer ejikelezayo. Umthelela wengxenyana enkulu yesisombululo kanye nesilinganiso esiyinhlanganisela ku-viscosity kanye nezakhiwo ze-rheological zesistimu yenhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC yahlaziywa. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi i-KGM/HPMC compound system iwuketshezi olungeyona i-Newtonian, futhi ukwanda kwengxenyana enkulu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM kohlelo kunciphisa uketshezi lwesisombululo esihlanganisiwe futhi kwandisa i-viscosity. Esimeni esiqinile, amaketanga e-molecular e-KGM kanye ne-HPMC akha isakhiwo esihlangene kakhulu ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-hydrophobic. Ukwandisa ingxenye enkulu yesistimu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM kuyasiza ekugcineni ukuqina kwesakhiwo. Kuhlelo oluphansi lwengxenyana ye-mass, ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-KGM kunenzuzo ekwakhekeni kwamajeli e-thermotropic; ngenkathi ohlelweni lwengxenyana yenqwaba ephezulu, ukwandisa okuqukethwe kwe-HPMC kulungele ukwakhiwa kwamajeli we-thermotropic.

Amagama angukhiye:i-glucomannan ehlanganisiwe; i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; inhlanganisela; ukuziphatha kwe-rheological

Ama-polysaccharides emvelo asetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yokudla ngenxa yokuqina kwawo, emulsifying kanye nezakhiwo ze-gelling. I-Konjac glucomannan (KGM) isitshalo semvelo se-polysaccharide, esakhiweβ-D-glucose kanyeβ-D-mannose ngesilinganiso esingu-1.6:1, lezi ezimbili zixhunywe yiβ-1,4 amabhondi e-glycosidic, ku-C- Kunenani elincane le-acetyl endaweni yesi-6 (cishe i-acetyl engu-1 kuzo zonke izinsalela eziyi-17). Kodwa-ke, i-viscosity ephezulu kanye ne-fluidity encane ye-KGM aqueous solution kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwayo ekukhiqizeni. IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) i-propylene glycol ether ye-methylcellulose, okungeye-non-ionic cellulose ether. I-HPMC iyakha ifilimu, iyancibilika emanzini, futhi iyavuseleleka. I-HPMC ine-viscosity ephansi namandla ejeli emazingeni okushisa aphansi, kanye nokusebenza kabi kokucubungula, kodwa ingakha ijeli eqinile efana ne-viscous emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, izinqubo eziningi zokukhiqiza kufanele zenziwe emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okukhiqiza okuphezulu. Izindleko zokukhiqiza ziphezulu. Izincwadi zibonisa ukuthi iyunithi ye-mannose engashintshiwe kuchungechunge lwamangqamuzana e-KGM ingakha isifunda senhlangano ye-hydrophobic exhunywe buthaka neqembu le-hydrophobic kuchungechunge lwamangqamuzana e-HPMC ngokusebenzisa ukusebenzisana kwe-hydrophobic. Lesi sakhiwo singabambezela futhi sivimbele kancane ukugeleza okushisayo kwe-HPMC futhi sehlise izinga lokushisa lejeli le-HPMC. Ukwengeza, uma kubhekwa izakhiwo ze-viscosity ephansi ze-HPMC emazingeni okushisa aphansi kakhulu, kubikezelwa ukuthi ukuhlanganiswa kwayo ne-KGM kungathuthukisa izakhiwo ze-KGM ze-viscosity ephezulu futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kwayo kokucubungula. Ngakho-ke, leli phepha lizokwakha uhlelo lwekhompiyutha lwe-KGM/HPMC ukuze luhlole umthelela wengxenye enkulu yesixazululo kanye nesilinganiso esiyinhlanganisela kuzakhiwo ze-rheological zohlelo lwe-KGM/HPMC, futhi linikeze ireferensi yethiyori yokusetshenziswa kohlelo lwenhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC imboni yokudla.

1. Izinto kanye nezindlela

1.1 Izinto zokwakha kanye nama-reagents

I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, i-KIMA CHEMICAL CO.,LTD, ingxenye enkulu engu-2%, i-viscosity 6 mPa·s; ingxenye ye-methoxy mass 28% ~ 30%; ingxenye ye-hydroxypropyl mass 7.0% ~ 12%.

I-Konjac glucomannan, Wuhan Johnson Konjac Food Co., Ltd., 1 wt% i-viscosity yesisombululo samanzi≥28 000 mPa·s.

1.2 Izinsimbi nezinto zokusebenza

I-MCR92 rheometer ejikelezayo, i-Anton Paar Co., Ltd., e-Austria; UPT-II-10T ultrapure umshini wamanzi, Sichuan Youpu Ultrapure Technology Co., Ltd.; AB-50 electronic analytical balance, Swiss Mette inkampani; I-LHS-150HC yokugeza amanzi okushisa okungaguquki, i-Wuxi Huaze Technology Co., Ltd.; I-JJ-1 Electric Stirrer, i-Jintan Medical Instrument Factory, esifundazweni sase-Jiangsu.

1.3 Ukulungiswa kwekhambi eliyingxube

Kala izimpushana ze-HPMC ne-KGM ngesilinganiso esithile sokuhlanganisa (isilinganiso sobuningi: 0:10, 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, 10:0), wengeze kancane kancane emanzini enziwe deionized ngo-60.°C okugeza ngamanzi, futhi ugovuze amahora angu-1.5 ~ 2 ukuze alenze ahlakazeke ngokulinganayo, futhi ulungise izinhlobo ezingu-5 zezixazululo ze-gradient ezinesamba sezingxenye eziqinile ze-0.50%, 0.75%, 1.00%, 1.25%, no-1.50%, ngokulandelana.

1.4 Ukuhlolwa kwezakhiwo ze-rheological zesisombululo esiyinhlanganisela

Ukuhlolwa okuqinile kwe-shear: Ijika le-rheological lesisombululo senhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC likalwe kusetshenziswa ikhoni nepuleti le-CP50, igebe phakathi kwamapuleti angaphezulu naphansi lamiswa ku-0.1 mm, izinga lokushisa lokulinganisa lalingu-25°C, futhi izinga lesilinganiso sokugunda lalingu-0.1 kuya ku-100 s-1.

Ukuskena kwengcindezi (ukunqunywa kwesifunda se-viscoelastic): Sebenzisa ipuleti le-PP50 ukukala indawo eqondile ye-viscoelastic kanye nomthetho wokushintsha we-modulus wesixazululo esiyinhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC, setha isikhala sibe ngu-1.000 mm, imvamisa egxilile ibe ngu-1Hz, kanye nezinga lokushisa libe ngu-25°C. Ibanga lobunzima lingu-0.1%~100%.

Ukushanela imvamisa: Sebenzisa ipuleti le-PP50 ukukala ukuguqulwa kwemodulus nokuncika kwemvamisa yesixazululo esiyinhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC. Isikhala sisethwe ku-1.000 mm, uhlobo luyi-1%, izinga lokushisa lokulinganisa lingu-25°C, futhi ububanzi befrikhwensi ngu-0.1-100 Hz.

Ukuskena izinga lokushisa: I-modulus nokuncika kwayo kwezinga lokushisa kwesisombululo senhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC kukalwe kusetshenziswa ipuleti le-PP50, isikhala sabekwa ku-1.000 mm, imvamisa emisiwe yayingu-1 Hz, ukuguqulwa kwaba ngu-1%, futhi izinga lokushisa lalisuka ku-25 ku90°C.

2. Imiphumela kanye nokuhlaziya

2.1 Ukuhlaziywa kwejika lokugeleza kohlelo lwe-KGM/HPMC oluhlanganisiwe

I-Viscosity iqhathaniswa ne-shear rate curves yezixazululo ze-KGM/HPMC ezinezilinganiso ezihlanganisiwe ezihlukene kumafrakhishini amaningi ahlukene. Uketshezi okubonakala kwayo kuwumugqa wokusheya kubizwa ngokuthi ama-Newtonian fluids, ngaphandle kwalokho abizwa ngokuthi ama-non-Newtonian fluids. Kungabonakala ejikeni ukuthi i-viscosity yesisombululo se-KGM kanye nesisombululo senhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC kuncipha ngokunyuka kwezinga lokugunda; ukuphakama kokuqukethwe kwe-KGM, ukuphakama kwengxenyana enkulu yesistimu, futhi kucace kakhudlwana isenzakalo sokuncipha kwe-shear sesixazululo. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi i-KGM ne-KGM/HPMC isistimu ehlanganisiwe ayizinzilo ezingezona ezase-Newtonian, futhi uhlobo oluwuketshezi lwesistimu ehlanganisiwe ye-KGM/HPMC lunqunywa kakhulu yi-KGM.

Kusukela kunkomba yokugeleza kanye ne-viscosity coefficient yezixazululo ze-KGM/HPMC ezinamafractions amaningi ahlukene kanye nezilinganiso ezihlanganisiwe ezihlukene, kungabonakala ukuthi amanani we-n we-KGM, HPMC kanye nezinhlelo zekhompiyutha ze-KGM/HPMC zonke zingaphansi kuka-1, okubonisa ukuthi izixazululo wonke ama-pseudoplastic fluids. Ngohlelo lwenhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC, ukwenyuka kwengxenye enkulu yohlelo kuzodala ukugxambukela nokunye ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-HPMC kanye ne-KGM yamaketanga e-molecular esixazululweni, okuzonciphisa ukuhamba kwamaketanga wamangqamuzana, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise inani le-n uhlelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokwanda kokuqukethwe kwe-KGM, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwamaketanga e-molecular e-KGM ohlelweni lwe-KGM/HPMC kuyathuthukiswa, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukuhamba kwayo futhi kubangele ukwehla kwenani lika-n. Ngokuphambene nalokho, inani le-K lesixazululo senhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC likhula ngokuqhubekayo ngokwanda kwengxenyana enkulu yesixazululo kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM, okubangelwa kakhulu ukwanda kwengxenyana yobuningi besistimu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM, kokubili okwandisa okuqukethwe amaqembu e-hydrophilic ohlelweni. , okwandisa ukusebenzisana kwamangqamuzana ngaphakathi kweketango lamangqamuzana naphakathi kwamaketanga, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise irediyasi ye-hydrodynamic ye-molecule, iyenze ibe mancane amathuba okuba iqondiswe ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-shear yangaphandle futhi ikhulise i-viscosity.

Inani lethiyori le-viscosity ye-zero-shear yesistimu yenhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC ingabalwa ngokuvumelana nomgomo ongenhla we-logarithmic summation, futhi inani layo lokuhlola lingatholwa ngokukhipha i-Carren fitting yejika le-viscosity-shear rate. Uma kuqhathaniswa inani elibikezelwe le-viscosity ye-zero-shear yesistimu ehlanganisiwe ye-KGM/HPMC enezingxenye ezihlukene zesisindo kanye nezilinganiso ezihlanganisiwe ezihlukene nevelu yokuhlola, kungabonakala ukuthi inani langempela le-viscosity ye-zero-shear yenhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC Isixazululo sincane kunevelu yethiyori. Lokhu kubonise ukuthi umhlangano omusha onesakhiwo esiminyene wakhiwa ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi lwe-KGM ne-HPMC. Ucwaningo olukhona lubonise ukuthi amayunithi e-mannose angashintshiwe kuchungechunge lwamangqamuzana e-KGM angasebenzisana namaqembu e-hydrophobic kuketango lamangqamuzana e-HPMC ukuze akhe isifunda senhlangano ye-hydrophobic exhunywe buthaka. Kucatshangwa ukuthi isakhiwo esisha somhlangano esinesakhiwo esiminyene ngokuyinhloko sakhiwe ngokusebenzisana kwe-hydrophobic. Uma isilinganiso se-KGM siphansi (HPMC> 50%), inani langempela le-viscosity ye-zero-shear yohlelo lwe-KGM/HPMC liphansi kunevelu yethiyori, okubonisa ukuthi kokuqukethwe kwe-KGM okuphansi, ama-molecule amaningi abamba iqhaza ku-denser entsha. isakhiwo. Ekubunjweni kwe-, i-viscosity ye-zero-shear yesistimu iyancipha nakakhulu.

2.2 Ukuhlaziywa kwe-strain sweep curves yesistimu ehlanganisiwe ye-KGM/HPMC

Kusukela kumajika obudlelwane bemodulus kanye nohlobo lwe-shear lwezixazululo ze-KGM/HPMC ezinamafractions amaningi ahlukene kanye nezilinganiso ezihlanganisayo ezihlukene, kungabonakala ukuthi uma uhlobo lwe-shear lungaphansi kuka-10%, i-G'kanye no-G″yesistimu ye-compound ngokuyisisekelo ayikhuli nge-shear strain. Kodwa-ke, kubonisa ukuthi ngaphakathi kwalolu hlu lwe-shear strain, uhlelo lwekhompiyutha lungasabela ekushukumiseni kwangaphandle ngokushintsha ukuguqulwa kwe-molecular chain conformation, futhi ukwakheka kwesistimu ye-compound akonakali. Lapho ukugunda kwe-shear ku> 10%, okwangaphandle Ngaphansi kwesenzo samandla e-shear, ijubane lokuhlukanisa lamaketanga e-molecular ohlelweni oluyinkimbinkimbi likhulu kunejubane lokubopha, i-G'kanye no-G″iqala ukuncipha, futhi uhlelo lungena endaweni ye-viscoelastic engaqondile. Ngakho-ke, ekuhlolweni kwemvamisa okuguquguqukayo okwalandela, ipharamitha ye-shear strain ikhethwe njenge-1% yokuhlolwa.

2.3 Ukuhlaziywa kwejika lokushanela imvamisa kwesistimu ehlanganisiwe ye-KGM/HPMC

Amajika ahlukile wemodulus yesitoreji kanye nemodulus yokulahlekelwa enemvamisa yezixazululo ze-KGM/HPMC ezinezilinganiso ezihlanganisiwe ezihlukene ngaphansi kwamafrakhishini ahlukene amakhulu. I-modulus G' yesitoreji imele amandla angatholwa ngemva kwesitoreji sesikhashana esivivinyweni, futhi imodulus G” isho amandla adingekayo ekugelezeni kokuqala, okuwukulahlekelwa okungenakuhlehliswa futhi ekugcineni kuguqulelwe ekushiseni kwe-shear. Kungabonakala ukuthi, njengoba imvamisa ye-oscillation ikhula, imodulus yokulahleka G″ihlale inkulu kunemodyuli yesitoreji engu-G', ekhombisa ukuziphatha koketshezi. Ebangeni lefrikhwensi yokuhlola, imodyuli yesitoreji engu-G' kanye nemodulus G” iyanda ngokukhuphuka kwe-oscillation frequency. Lokhu ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokuthi ngokunyuka kwemvamisa ye-oscillation, izingxenye zeketanga lamangqamuzana ohlelweni azikho isikhathi sokubuyisela ekuguqulweni ngesikhathi esifushane Isimo sangaphambilini, ngaleyo ndlela sibonise into yokuthi amandla amaningi angagcinwa ( mkhulu G') noma idinga ukulahleka (G″).

Ngokukhula kwe-oscillation frequency, i-modulus yesitoreji yesistimu yehla ngokuzumayo, futhi ngokunyuka kwengxenye enkulu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM yesistimu, iphoyinti lokuvama lokwehla okungazelelwe liyakhula kancane kancane. Ukwehla okungazelelwe kungase kube ngenxa yokucekelwa phansi kwesakhiwo esihlangene esakhiwe yinhlangano ye-hydrophobic phakathi kwe-KGM ne-HPMC ohlelweni ngokugunda kwangaphandle. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwanda kwengxenyana ye-mass mass yesistimu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM kunenzuzo ukugcina ukuqina kwesakhiwo esiminyene, futhi kwandisa inani lemvamisa yangaphandle ebhubhisa isakhiwo.

2.4 Ukuhlaziywa kwejika lezinga lokushisa lokuskena kwesistimu eyinhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC

Kusuka kumajika emodulus yesitoreji kanye nemodulus yokulahlekelwa yezixazululo ze-KGM/HPMC ezinamafractions amaningi ahlukene kanye nezilinganiso ezihlanganisiwe ezihlukene, kungabonakala ukuthi uma ingxenye enkulu yohlelo ingu-0.50%, i-G'kanye no-G″yesixazululo se-HPMC ayishintshi neze ngezinga lokushisa. , futhi G″> G', i-viscosity yesistimu iyabusa; lapho i-mass fraction ikhula, i-G'yesixazululo se-HPMC kuqala ihlala ingashintshiwe bese ikhuphuka kakhulu, futhi i-G'kanye no-G″ukuhlangana cishe ku-70°C (Izinga lokushisa lephoyinti le-intersection iphuzu lejeli), futhi isistimu yenza ijeli ngalesi sikhathi, ngaleyo ndlela ikhombisa ukuthi i-HPMC ijeli ebangelwa ukushisa. Ngesixazululo se-KGM, lapho ingxenye enkulu yesistimu ingu-0.50% no-0.75%, i-G'kanye no-G wohlelo “ubonisa inkambiso enciphayo; uma ingxenye enkulu ikhula, i-G' kanye no-G” yesisombululo se-KGM iqala yehla bese ikhuphuka kakhulu, okubonisa ukuthi isixazululo se-KGM sibonisa izinto ezifana nejeli kumafrakshini amakhulu kanye namazinga okushisa aphezulu .

Ngokukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa, i-G'kanye no-G″yesistimu eyinkimbinkimbi ye-KGM/HPMC yaqala yehla futhi yanda kakhulu, futhi i-G'kanye no-G″kwavela izindawo zokuhlangana, futhi uhlelo lwakha ijeli. Lapho ama-molecule e-HPMC esemazingeni okushisa aphansi, ukuhlangana kwe-hydrogen kwenzeka phakathi kwamaqembu e-hydrophilic ochungechungeni lwamangqamuzana nama-molecule amanzi, futhi lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, ukushisa okusetshenzisiwe kubhubhisa izibopho ze-hydrogen ezakhiwe phakathi kwe-HPMC nama-molecule amanzi, okuholela ekwakhekeni kwe-HPMC macromolecular. amaketanga. Amaqembu e-hydrophobic ebusweni avela, ukuhlangana kwe-hydrophobic kwenzeka, futhi ijeli le-thermotropic liyakhiwa. Ngohlelo oluphansi lwengxenyana yenqwaba, okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kwe-KGM kungakha ijeli; ngohlelo lwefraction yesisindo esikhulu, okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kwe-HPMC kungakha ijeli. Kuhlelo oluphansi lwengxenyana ye-mass mass (0.50%), ukuba khona kwama-molecule e-KGM kunciphisa amathuba okwenza izibopho ze-hydrogen phakathi kwama-molecule e-HPMC, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise amathuba okuchayeka kwamaqembu e-hydrophobic kuma-molecule e-HPMC, avumela ukwakheka kwamajeli e-thermotropic. Kuhlelo oluphezulu lwengxenyana yenqwaba, uma okuqukethwe kwe-KGM kuphezulu kakhulu, i-viscosity yesistimu iphezulu, engahambisani nenhlangano ye-hydrophobic phakathi kwe-HPMC ne-KGM molecule, engahambisani nokwakhiwa kwejeli ye-thermogenic.

3. Isiphetho

Kuleli phepha, indlela yokuziphatha ye-rheological yesistimu ehlanganisiwe ye-KGM ne-HPMC iyafundwa. Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi isistimu eyinhlanganisela ye-KGM/HPMC ayiwuketshezi olungezona olwase-Newton, futhi uhlobo oluwuketshezi lwesistimu ehlanganisiwe ye-KGM/HPMC lunqunywa kakhulu yi-KGM. Ukwandisa ingxenyana yobuningi besistimu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM kokubili kwehlisa uketshezi lwesisombululo esihlanganisiwe futhi kwandise ukubukeka kwayo. Esimeni esiqinile, amaketanga e-molecular ye-KGM kanye ne-HPMC akha isakhiwo esiminyene ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana kwe-hydrophobic. Isakhiwo ohlelweni sibhidlizwa ukugunda kwangaphandle, okuholela ekwehleni okungazelelwe kwemoduli yokugcina yesistimu. Ukwenyuka kwengxenyana ye-mass mass yesistimu kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-KGM kunenzuzo ukugcina ukuqina kwesakhiwo esiminyene futhi kwandise inani lemvamisa yangaphandle ebhubhisa isakhiwo. Ngohlelo oluphansi lwengxenyana yenqwaba, okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kwe-KGM kulungele ukwakheka kwejeli; ohlelweni lwengxenyana yesisindo esikhulu, okuqukethwe okwengeziwe kwe-HPMC kulungele ukwakheka kwejeli.