Ukusetshenziswa kodaka njengento yokufakelwa ekwakhiweni kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kokufakwa kwe-insulation layer yangaphandle, kunciphise ukulahlekelwa ukushisa kwangaphakathi, futhi kugweme ukushisa okungalingani phakathi kwabasebenzisi, ngakho-ke sekusetshenziswe kabanzi ekwakheni isakhiwo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zalolu lwazi ziphansi kakhulu, ezisindisa izindleko zephrojekthi, futhi zinokushisa okuphezulu nokumelana nomswakama.
A. Ukukhetha impahla eluhlaza kanye nomsebenzi
1. I-Vitrified microbead lightweight aggregate
Isithako esibaluleke kakhulu osimende ama-microbeads ama-vitrified, asetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile izinto zokuvikela ukushisa ekwakhiweni kwesakhiwo sesimanje futhi anezindawo ezinhle zokuvikela ukushisa. Ikakhulukazi yenziwe nge-acidic glass material ngokusebenzisa ukucubungula okusezingeni eliphezulu.
Kusukela ebusweni bodaka, ukusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiyana zento esetshenziswayo akuvamile ngokwedlulele, njengomgodi onezimbobo eziningi. Kodwa-ke, phakathi nenqubo yokwakha, ukuthungwa kwale nto empeleni kubushelelezi kakhulu, futhi kunophawu oluhle odongeni. Impahla ilula kakhulu, inokushisa okuhle kokushisa, futhi inezici zokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu nokumelana nokugqoka.
Ngokuvamile, i-thermal conductivity ye-microbeads e-vitrified iyisici esivelele, ikakhulukazi ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal ebusweni kunamandla kakhulu, futhi ukumelana nokushisa nakho kuphezulu kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwe-microbeads e-vitrified, izisebenzi zokwakha kufanele zilawule ibanga nendawo phakathi kwezinhlayiyana ngayinye ukuze kubonakale ukufakwa kwe-thermal kanye nomsebenzi we-thermal insulation we-thermal insulation material.
B. Ukhonkolo wamakhemikhali
I-Chemical Gypsum ingenye ingxenye ebalulekile yodaka. Ingase futhi ibizwe ngokuthi i-industrial recovery gypsum. Ngokuyinhloko yakhiwa izinsalela zemfucuza ye-calcium sulfate, ngakho ukukhiqizwa kwayo kulula kakhulu, futhi ingakwazi ukubona ukusetshenziswa okuphumelelayo kwezinsiza futhi yonge amandla.
Ngokuthuthuka komnotho, amafekthri amaningi akhipha imfucuza yezimboni kanye nokungcola nsuku zonke, njenge-gypsum desulfurized njenge-phosphogypsum. Uma lezi zibi sezingenile emkhathini, zizodala ukungcoliswa komoya futhi zibe nomthelela empilweni yabantu. Ngakho-ke, i-chemical gypsum ingashiwo njengomthombo wamandla avuselelekayo, futhi ibona nokusetshenziswa kwemfucuza.
Ngokwezibalo ezihlukahlukene zokungcola, i-phosphogypsum iyinto engcolisa kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Uma imboni ingakhiphi i-phosphogypsum kanye, izodala ukungcola okukhulu endaweni ezungezile. Kodwa-ke, le nto ingaba umthombo oyinhloko we-chemical gypsum. Isici. Ngokuhlola kanye nokuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi kwe-phosphogypsum, abacwaningi baphothula inqubo yokuguqula imfucuza ibe umcebo futhi benza i-gypsum yamakhemikhali.
I-Desulfurization gypsum ingabuye ibizwe ngokuthi i-flue gas desulfurization gypsum, okuwumkhiqizo wezimboni owenziwe nge-desulfurization kanye nokwelashwa kokuhlanza, futhi ukwakheka kwayo ngokuyisisekelo kuyafana nalokho kwe-gypsum yemvelo. Amanzi amahhala egypsum enziwe nge-desulfurized ngokuvamile aphakeme kakhulu, ephakeme kakhulu kunalawo e-gypsum yemvelo, futhi ukuhlangana kwawo kunamandla uma kuqhathaniswa. Izinkinga eziningi nazo zivame ukwenzeka phakathi nayo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, inqubo yokukhiqiza yokwakha i-gypsum ayikwazi ukufana neye-gypsum yemvelo. Kudingeka ukwamukela inqubo yokumisa ekhethekile ukunciphisa umswakama wayo. Yakhiwa ngokuyihlola kanye nokuyibala ezingeni lokushisa elithile. Kungale ndlela kuphela lapho ingakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zesitifiketi zikazwelonke futhi ihlangabezane nezidingo zokwakhiwa kwe-thermal insulation.
C. Inhlanganisela
Ukulungiswa kwe-chemical gypsum insulation mortar kumele kusetshenziswe i-chemical gypsum yokwakha njengento eyinhloko. I-Vitrified microbeads ivamise ukwenziwa nge-lightweight aggregate. Abacwaningi bashintshe izakhiwo zayo ngokusebenzisa izixube ukuze bahlangabezane nezidingo zamaphrojekthi wokwakha.
Lapho ulungiselela udaka lokufakwa okushisayo, abasebenzi bezokwakha kufanele banake izici ze-gypsum yamakhemikhali wokwakha, njenge-viscosity nevolumu enkulu yamanzi, futhi bakhethe izixube ngokwesayensi nangengqondo.
1. I-retarder eyinhlanganisela
Ngokwezidingo zokwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo ye-gypsum, isikhathi sokusebenza siyinkomba ebalulekile yokusebenza kwayo, futhi isilinganiso esiyinhloko sokwandisa isikhathi sokusebenza ukungeza i-retarder. Ama-retarders e-gypsum asetshenziswa kakhulu ahlanganisa i-alkaline phosphate, i-citrate, i-tartrate, njll. Nakuba lezi zibuyisela emuva zinomphumela omuhle wokuhlehlisa, zizophinde zithinte amandla akamuva emikhiqizo ye-gypsum. I-retarder esetshenziswa ku-chemical gypsum thermal insulation mortar i-retarder eyinhlanganisela, enganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuncibilika kwe-hemihydrate gypsum, ibambezele isivinini sokwakheka kwamagciwane e-crystallization, futhi yehlise inqubo ye-crystallization. Umphumela wokuhlehlisa uyabonakala ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa amandla.
2. Ukuqina kokugcina amanzi
Ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kodaka, uthuthukise ukugcinwa kwamanzi, uketshezi kanye nokumelana ne-sag, ngokuvamile kuyadingeka ukwengeza i-cellulose ether. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether kungadlala kangcono indima yokugcina amanzi nokuqina, ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kwehlobo.
3. Impushana ye-latex ehlakazeka kabusha
Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlangana, ukuguquguquka nokunamathela kodaka ku-substrate, i-latex powder ephindwe kabusha kufanele isetshenziswe njenge-admixture. I-latex powder ephindwe kabusha iyi-powdery thermoplastic resin etholwe ngokumiswa isifutho kanye nokucutshungulwa okulandelayo kwe-emulsion ephezulu yama-polymer. I-polymer engxubeni yodaka iyisigaba esiqhubekayo, esingavimbela ngokuphumelelayo noma ukubambezela ukukhiqizwa nokuthuthukiswa kokuqhekeka. Ngokuvamile, amandla okubopha odaka atholakala ngomgomo wokuvala imishini, okungukuthi, kancane kancane iqiniswa ezikhaleni zezinto eziyisisekelo; ukuhlangana kwama-polymers kuncike kakhulu ekukhangisweni nasekusabalaliseni kwama-macromolecules endaweni ebophayo, kanye ne-methyl I-hydroxyethyl cellulose ether isebenza ndawonye ukuze ingene ngaphakathi kwesendlalelo sesisekelo, yenze ingaphezulu lezinto eziyisisekelo kanye nodaka lodaka. isondele ekusebenzeni, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukukhangiswa phakathi kwabo futhi ithuthukise kakhulu ukusebenza kwebhondi.
4. I-Lignin fiber
Imicu ye-Lignocellulosic yizinto zemvelo ezimunca amanzi kodwa azincibiliki kuwo. Umsebenzi wayo ulele ekuguquguqukeni kwayo kanye nesakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu esakhiwe ngemva kokuxubana nezinye izinto, ezingase zenze buthaka ngokuphumelelayo ukuncipha okomisa kodaka phakathi nenqubo yokomisa udaka, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokuqhekeka kodaka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isakhiwo sesikhala esinezinhlangothi ezintathu singakhiya amanzi izikhathi ezingu-2-6 ngesisindo saso phakathi nendawo, esinomphumela othile wokugcina amanzi; ngesikhathi esifanayo, ine-thixotropy enhle, futhi isakhiwo sizoshintsha lapho kusetshenziswa amandla angaphandle (njengokukhuhla nokugubha). Futhi ihlelwe ngokuhambisana nokunyakaza, amanzi akhululwa, i-viscosity iyancipha, ukusebenza kuyathuthukiswa, nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kungathuthukiswa. Ukuhlolwa kubonise ukuthi ubude obufushane nobuphakathi bemicu ye-lignin bufanelekile.
5. Isigcwalisi
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-calcium carbonate esindayo (i-calcium esindayo) kungashintsha ukusebenza kodaka futhi kunciphise izindleko.
6. Isilinganiso sokulungiselela
I-gypsum yamakhemikhali yokwakha: 80% kuya ku-86%;
I-retarder ehlanganisiwe: 0.2% kuya ku-5%;
I-Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether: 0.2% kuya ku-0.5%;
I-latex powder ehlakazeka kabusha: 2% kuya ku-6%;
I-Lignin fiber: 0.3% kuya ku-0.5%;
I-calcium enzima: 11% kuya ku-13.6%;
Isilinganiso sengxube ye-mortar yirabha: ubuhlalu obu-vitrified = 2: 1 ~ 1.1.
7. Inqubo yokwakha
1) Hlanza udonga oluyisisekelo.
2) Monisa udonga.
3) Lengisa imigqa yokulawula ukujiya kukakhonkolo eqondile, eyisikwele, nenwebekayo.
4) Faka i-ejenti yesixhumi esibonakalayo.
5) Yenza amaqebelengwane ampunga kanye nemisipha ejwayelekile.
6) Faka i-chemical gypsum vitrified bead insulation mortar.
7) Ukwamukelwa kwesendlalelo esifudumele.
8) Faka i-gypsum anti-cracking mortar, bese ucindezela indwangu ye-alkali engazweli engilazini ye-fiber mesh ngesikhathi esifanayo.
9) Ngemuva kokwamukelwa, faka ungqimba olungaphezulu nge-plaster.
10) Ukugaya kanye ne-calendering.
11) Ukwamukela.
8. Isiphetho
Ukufingqa, i-thermal insulation mortar ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile zokufakwa kwe-thermal kubunjiniyela bokwakha. Ine-insulation enhle yokushisa kanye nezindawo zokushisa ezishisayo, ezinganciphisa izindleko zokufaka zobunjiniyela bokwakha futhi ibone ukonga amandla nokuvikelwa kwemvelo kubunjiniyela bokwakha.
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo komphakathi, esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, abacwaningi ezweni lakithi bazothuthukisa izinto zokufaka ezingcono futhi ezinobungani kwemvelo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-24-2023