Isakhiwo Samakhemikhali Nomkhiqizi We-Cellulose Ethers

I-Cellulose ethers ikilasi lezinhlanganisela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ezokwakha, ukudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu. Lezi zinhlanganisela zitholakala ku-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo etholakala ezitshalweni, futhi ikhiqizwa ngenqubo yokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali. Kulesi sihloko, sizoxoxa ngesakhiwo samakhemikhali se-cellulose ethers kanye nabanye abakhiqizi abakhulu balezi zinhlanganisela.

Isakhiwo Sekhemikhali se-Cellulose Ethers:

Ama-cellulose ethers asuselwa ku-cellulose, i-polymer eqondile eyakhiwe amayunithi e-glucose axhunywe amabhondi e-beta-1,4 glycosidic. Iyunithi ephindayo ye-cellulose iboniswa ngezansi:

Ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali kwe-cellulose ukuze kukhiqizwe ama-cellulose ethers kuhilela ukufakwa esikhundleni kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose namanye amaqembu asebenzayo. Amaqembu asebenzayo asetshenziswa kakhulu kule njongo i-methyl, i-ethyl, i-hydroxyethyl, i-hydroxypropyl, ne-carboxymethyl.

I-Methyl Cellulose (MC):

I-Methyl cellulose (MC) i-cellulose ether ekhiqizwa ngokushintshanisa amaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose ngamaqembu e-methyl. Izinga lokushintshwa (DS) le-MC lingahluka ukusuka ku-0.3 kuye ku-2.5, kuye ngesicelo. Isisindo samangqamuzana e-MC ngokuvamile sisebangeni lika-10,000 kuya ku-1,000,000 Da.

I-MC iyimpushana emhlophe ukuya kokumhlophe, engenaphunga, futhi enganambitheki encibilika emanzini nasezincibilikisini eziningi eziphilayo. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-thickener, binder, kanye ne-emulsifier ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu. Embonini yezokwakha, i-MC isetshenziswa njengesengezo emikhiqizweni esekwe usimende ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, namandla okunamathela.

I-Ethyl Cellulose (EC):

I-Ethyl cellulose (EC) i-cellulose ether ekhiqizwa ngokushintshanisa amaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose ngamaqembu e-ethyl. Izinga lokushintshwa (DS) le-EC lingahluka ukusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-3.0, kuye ngesicelo. Isisindo samangqamuzana e-EC ngokuvamile sisukela ku-50,000 kuya ku-1,000,000 Da.

I-EC iyimpushana emhlophe ukuya kokumhlophe, engenaphunga, futhi engenambitheki engancibiliki emanzini kodwa encibilika kuzincibilikisi eziningi eziphilayo. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-binder, ifilimu-yangaphambili, kanye ne-ejenti ekhishwa isikhathi eside embonini yezemithi. Ukwengeza, i-EC ingasetshenziswa njengezinto zokumboza zokudla nemikhiqizo yemithi ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza nokubukeka kwayo.

I-Hydroxyethyl Cellulose (HEC):

IHydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) iyi-ether ye-cellulose ekhiqizwa ngokushintshanisa amaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose ngamaqembu e-hydroxyethyl. Izinga lokushintshwa (DS) le-HEC lingahluka ukusuka ku-1.5 kuye ku-2.5, kuye ngesicelo. Isisindo samangqamuzana e-HEC ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-50,000 kuya ku-1,000,000 Da.

I-HEC iyimpushana emhlophe ukuya kokumhlophe, engenaphunga, futhi enganambitheki encibilika emanzini nasezincibilikisini eziningi eziphilayo. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-thickener, emulsifier, kanye ne-stabilizer ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukudla, imithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu. Embonini yezokwakha, i-HEC isetshenziswa njengesengezo emikhiqizweni esekwe usimende ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, namandla okunamathela.

IHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) i-cellulose ether ekhiqizwa ngokushintshanisa amaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose nge-hydroxypropyl kanye namaqembu e-methyl. Izinga lokushintsha (DS) le-HPMC lingahluka ukusuka ku-0.1 kuye ku-0.5 ekushintsheni kwe-hydroxypropyl kanye no-1.2 kuya ku-2.5 esikhundleni se-methyl, kuye ngesicelo. Isisindo samangqamuzana e-HPMC ngokuvamile siphakathi kuka-10,000 kuya ku-1,000,000 Da.

I-HPMC iyimpushana emhlophe ukuya kokumhlophe, engenaphunga, futhi engenambitheki encibilika emanzini kanye nezincibilikisi eziningi eziphilayo. Ivamise ukusetshenziswa njenge-thickener, binder, kanye ne-emulsifier ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ezokwakha, ukudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu. Embonini yezokwakha, i-HPMC isetshenziswa njengesengezo emikhiqizweni esekwe usimende ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, namandla okunamathela.

Abakhiqizi be-Cellulose Ethers phesheya:

Kunabakhiqizi abaningana abakhulu be-cellulose ethers, okuhlanganisa i-Dow Chemical Company, i-Ashland Inc., i-Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., i-AkzoNobel NV, ne-Daicel Corporation.

I-Dow Chemical Company ingomunye wabakhiqizi abahamba phambili be-cellulose ethers, okuhlanganisa i-HPMC, i-MC, ne-EC. Inkampani inikeza amamaki anhlobonhlobo kanye nokucaciswa kwale mikhiqizo, kuya ngesicelo. I-Dow's cellulose ethers isetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ezokwakha, ezokudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu.

I-Ashland Inc. ingomunye umkhiqizi omkhulu wama-cellulose ethers, okuhlanganisa i-HEC, i-HPMC, ne-EC. Inkampani inikezela ngebanga elibanzi lamabanga kanye nokucaciswa kwale mikhiqizo, kuya ngesicelo. Ama-cellulose ether ase-Ashland asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezokwakha, ezokudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu.

I-Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. yinkampani yamakhemikhali yase-Japan ekhiqiza ama-cellulose ether, okuhlanganisa i-HEC, i-HPMC, ne-EC. Inkampani inikeza amamaki anhlobonhlobo kanye nokucaciswa kwale mikhiqizo, kuya ngesicelo. I-Shin-Etsu's cellulose ethers isetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, ezihlanganisa ezokwakha, ezokudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu.

I-AkzoNobel NV yinkampani yamazwe ngamazwe yase-Dutch ekhiqiza ama-cellulose ether, okuhlanganisa i-HEC, i-HPMC, ne-MC. Inkampani inikezela ngebanga elibanzi lamabanga kanye nokucaciswa kwale mikhiqizo, kuya ngesicelo. Ama-cellulose ethers e-AkzoNobel asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezokwakha, ezokudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu.

I-Daicel Corporation yinkampani yamakhemikhali yase-Japan ekhiqiza ama-cellulose ether, okuhlanganisa i-HPMC ne-MC. Inkampani inikeza amamaki anhlobonhlobo kanye nokucaciswa kwale mikhiqizo, kuya ngesicelo. Ama-cellulose ether e-Daicel asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa nezokwakha, ezokudla, ezemithi, nokunakekelwa komuntu siqu.

Isiphetho:

I-Cellulose ethers iyisigaba sezinhlanganisela ezitholakala ku-cellulose futhi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene. Isakhiwo samakhemikhali se-cellulose ethers sibandakanya ukufakwa esikhundleni kwamaqembu e-hydroxyl ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose namanye amaqembu asebenzayo, njenge-methyl, i-ethyl, i-hydroxyethyl, i-hydroxypropyl, ne-carboxymethyl. Kunabakhiqizi abaningana abakhulu be-cellulose ethers, okuhlanganisa i-Dow Chemical Company, i-Ashland Inc., i-Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., i-AkzoNobel NV, ne-Daicel Corporation. Lezi zinkampani zinikeza anhlobonhlobo amamaki kanye nokucaciswa kwama-cellulose ethers, kuye ngesicelo.