Yini i-diacetone acrylamide?

Isingeniso ku-Diacetone ACRAMIDE

Diacetone acrylamide (I-Daam) iyingxenye ye-organic esetshenziswa kabanzi kwizicelo zezimboni, ikakhulukazi ekukhiqizweni kwezinto ezahlukahlukene ezenzelwe ama-polymer. Kuyinto esuselwa e-acrylamide, equkethe iqembu le-acrylamide kanye namaqembu amabili e-acetone adlulisela izakhiwo ezithile zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ku-molecule. UDaam unakekele ngenxa yokuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene ekumomeni ukwakheka kwama-polymers, kuthonya zombili izakhiwo zemishini nokuqina.

Le mpikiswano inentshisekelo ethile yomongo wesayensi yezinto ezithuthukisiwe, ikakhulukazi ekuhlanganiseni kwama-polymers asema-superabsorbent, ukumboza, ukunamathela kanye nama-hydrogels. Isakhiwo saso samakhemikhali nokuziphatha kwenza kube ngumphakathi obalulekile ekwakhiweni kwamaphoyisa ngezakhiwo ezenziwayo, ezingabaluleka ezicelo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ubunjiniyela be-biomedical, ezolimo kanye nokwelashwa kwamanzi.

Manje, sizohlola ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-diacetone acrylamide, izindlela zayo zokuhlukahluka, ukusetshenziswa kwazo kanye nezicelo, kanye nomthelela wayo wezemvelo nokucatshangelwa kwezemvelo.

Ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezakhiwo

Ukwakheka

I-Diacetone ACYRHIDE (C₇HH₁₁NO₂) inesakhiwo esihlukile esiyibeka ngaphandle kwamanye ama-acrylamides. Kuyi-monomer equkethe amaqembu amabili asemqoka:

1. Iqembu le-ACRIDE (-CH = CH₂C (O) NH): Iqembu le-acrylamide yisici esichazayo se-molecule. Leli qembu liyasebenza kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlangana phakathi kwekhabhoni-Carbon Double Bond kanye neqembu laseCarbonyl eliseduze, okwenza i-Compound ilungele ukusabela kwe-polymerization.
2. Amaqembu e-Acetone (-C (Ch₃) ₂o): Amaqembu amabili e-acetone anamathiselwe ku-athomu le-nitrogen le-acrylamide moored. Lawa maqembu ahlinzeka ngesithiyo esidabukisayo esizeni se-polymerizing, ethinta ukuvumelanisa kwe-daam ngokuqhathaniswa nezinye izinto ezivela kuma-acrylamide.

Amaqembu e-acetone e-Daam asiza ukuguqula i-solubity yayo, ubumbano kanye nokuvuselela kabusha. I-Compound ngokuvamile iwuketshezi olucacile, olungenamibala emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni, futhi i-solubeni yayo emanzini ayilinganiselwe. Kodwa-ke, i-daam incane kakhulu ku-solvents ye-organic, kufaka phakathi ama-alcohol kanye ne-acetone, okubalulekile ezinkambisweni eziningi zezimboni lapho kusetshenziswa khona izindonga ze-organic njengemidiya yokuphendula.

Izakhiwo ezibalulekile

• Isisindo molecular: 141.17 g / mol
• Incekusana: Cishe 1.04 g / cm³
• Iphuzu elibilayo: 150-152 ° C (302-306 ° F)
• Iphuzu elincibilikayo: Na (uketshezi emazingeni okushisa asekamelweni)
• Ubuhlakaniselo: Incibilika emanzini (noma ngezinga elincane), utshwala, ne-acetone
• Ukuthembeka: UDaam ukholisa ukusebenzisana okujwayelekile kwe-acrylamide, okwenza kufanelekile nge-polymerization, ikakhulukazi i-polymerization.

Inhlanganisela eyingqayizivele yamaqembu asebenzayo e-Daam ithonya ukusebenza kwayo ekuphendukeni kwe-polymerization, okuholela kuma-polymers ngempahla efiselekayo efana nokuqina okuxhumeka.

Synthesis of diacetone acrymide

I-Diacetone ACRAMIDE ijwayele ukuhlanganiswa ngokusabela kweacrylangaidena-i-acetonephambi kwe-catalyst efanelekile. Indlela eyodwa evamile ifaka ukusetshenziswa kwesisekelo esiqinile noma i-acid catalyst ukukhuthaza ukubuyiselwa kwe-acrylamide nge-acetone. Le ndlela iqinisekisa ukuthi amaqembu e-acetone anamathele e-nitrogen athomu e-acryamide, eveza i-diacetone acrylamide njengomkhiqizo.

Ukusabela okujwayelekile:

$I-ACRIDE\; (C₃HH₅NO)\; +\; I-Acetone\; (C₃H₆O)\; I-ACRRHIDE\; (C₇HH₁₁NO₂)\}$

Ekusebenzeni, ukusabela kwenziwa ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusabela kuyaqhubeka kahle, ukugwema ukusabela okungafuneki kohla. Ezinye izindlela zokuhlanganisa nazo zisebenzisa izixazululo ukusiza ukuqeda ama-reaclants futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokuphendula. Uhla lokushisa oluncane luvame ukuqashwa ukuvikela ukubola kwezinto ezibucayi ngesikhathi sokuphendula.

Izindlela Ezihlukile

• I-polymerization yamahhala ye-radical: I-Diaceto ACRHIDE ingaphinde iguqulwe nge-polymerization yamahhala ye-radical polymerization, lapho isebenza khona njenge-monomer ephendula namanye ama-monomer ukwakha ama-copolymers.
• Synthesis osizwa nge-microwave: Izindlela zesimanje zivame ukusebenzisa i-microwave irradiation ukusheshisa ukusabela futhi kuthuthukise isivuno se-daam.
• Synthesis enzymatic: Kunemizamo yokuhlola yokusebenzisa ama-sezymatic catalysts ukulawula ukusabela ngokunembile futhi wehlise isidingo samakhemikhali anokhahlo.

Izicelo ze-Diaceto Acrymide

I-Diacetone ACRHIDIDE idlala indima ebalulekile ezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo zezimboni, ngenxa yekhono layo lokukha ama-polymers ngezakhiwo ezilungisiwe. Ngezansi ezinye zezindawo ezibalulekile lapho i-DAAM isetshenziswa kakhulu:

1. I-Polymerization kanye noCopolymerization

I-Daam isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-monomer ku-synthesis yeama-copolymers. Lapho i-polymerized, ama-daam enza izakhiwo ezixhumene kakhulu ezilusizo ekukhiqizeniI-SuperabSsorbent Polymers (SAPS), ama-hydrogels, nezinye izinto ze-polymer ezithuthukile. Ukuba khona kwamaqembu amabili e-acetone e-Daam kudlulisela izakhiwo ezihlukile, njengokukhuphuka kwe-hydrophopobicity, ukuqina okuthuthukile, kanye nokuxhumanisa okunqamule.

Lawa ma-polymers ajwayele ukusetshenziswa kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ezinjengokuthi:

• Ukwelashwa kwamanzi: Kusetshenziselwa ama-polymers asuselwa ku-Daam ukudala ama-flocculants kanye nokuthathwa kwezinqubo zokuhlanza amanzi.
• Izicelo zezolimo: Ama-polymers akhiqizwa nge-daam asetshenziswa kumanyolo wokukhishwa okulawulwayo kanye nezimo zenhlabathi.
• Izicelo ze-Biomedical: Ama-polymers asuselwa kuma-daam asetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-hydrogels ngezinhlelo ezilawulwa izidakamizwa kanye nokugqoka isilonda ngenxa yokuthambekela kwawo kwe-biocomplity kanye nokugcinwa kwamanzi.

2. Anamathela kanye nezimbobo

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-diaceto acrylamide ezinama-adhesives nasezinkotsheni zigcwele, ikakhulukazi izimboni ezidinga izinto ezinamandla aphezulu okunamathela nokuqina. Lapho uCopolyzerien namanye ama-monomers, i-daam inikela ekwakhekeni kwamafilimu anzima, anwe futhi amelana nokuwohloka kwemvelo. Lokhu kwenza ama-polymers aqukethe ama-daam aqukethe:

• Ukumboza izimbotshana: Izimbobo ezisuselwa ku-Daam zingasetshenziswa ezinsimbi, amapulasitiki kanye nezindwangu ukuthuthukisa ukuqina nokumelana nokuxineka kwezemvelo.
• Adhesives acrylic: I-polymerization ye-daam ekhona kwamanye ama-monomers akha amafilimu anamathela anama-substrate ahlukahlukene, abenze balusizo ekuhlanganisweni, ekwakheni nasezitatsheni zezimoto.

3. Ama-Hydrogels

UDaam ubaluleke ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni kweAma-Hydrogels, okungamanethiwekhi anezici ezintathu zama-polymers angadonsa amanzi amakhulu. Lawa ama-hydrogels asetshenziswa ezinhlungwini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• Izicelo ze-Biomedical: Ama-hydrogels enziwe nge-daam asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa, ukuphulukiswa kwezithelo, ubunjiniyela bezicubu, futhi njenge-scaffolds yokukhula kweseli.
• Ezolimo: Ama-Hydrogels angasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi emhlabathini, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezomile.

4. I-SuperabSsorbent Polymers (SAPS)

Enye yezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphawuleka kakhulu ze-Diaceto ACRAMIDE zikukhiqizwaAma-polymers ase-Superabsorbent, okungadonsa nokugcina inani elikhulu lamanzi noma uketshezi olunamanzi ahlobene nesisindo sabo. Lezi zinto zokwenziwa zibucayi emikhiqizweni efana nama-diapers, imikhiqizo yenhlanzeko yabesifazane, nemikhiqizo yabantu abadala yokungasebenzi.

Amandla aphezulu amuncu ama-polymers ase-DAAM-based ama-polyment abhalwe yi-daam ukwakha amanethiwekhi axhumene kakhulu axhumanisa ama-molecule wamanzi.

Ukucatshangelwa Kwezemvelo Nezokuphepha

Ngenkathi i-diaceto i-acrylamide inezicelo ezahlukahlukene zezimboni, umthelela wayo wezemvelo kanye nephrofayili yokuphepha kudingeka kubhekwe ngokucophelela.

1. Ubuthiko

Njengamakhemikhali amaningi we-organic, i-daam ingaba yingozi uma ingaphathwa kahle. Ukuchayeka ekugxilweni okuphezulu kwama-daam moya noma ukuxhumana nesikhumba kungadala ukucasuka. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa imishini yokuvikela efanelekile, njengamagilavu ​​kanye nama-goggles, lapho uphatha i-daam endaweni yezimboni noma elebhu.

Ukuphefumula noma ukufakwa kwe-daam nakho kungaba yingozi. Kubalulekile ukulandela imihlahlandlela yokuphepha kanye namazinga okulawula ukunciphisa ubungozi bokuvezwa.

2. Umthelela wezemvelo

Ngenxa yokusetshenziswa okukhulayo kwama-polymers asuselwa ku-daam kuzicelo ezahlukahlukene, kukhona ukukhathazeka okukhulayo ngokuphikelela nokuphikelela kwe-biodeGreatimability yalezi zinto zokwakha. Ama-polymers asuselwa ku-daam angeke anciphise kalula emvelweni, okuba nomthelela ekungcoleni kwepulasitiki uma kungathathwa kahle. Ngakho-ke, abacwaningi bahlola ngenkuthalo izindlela zokwenza ngcono i-biodegradeability yama-polymers asuselwa ku-daam futhi athuthukise ezinye izindlela ezizinzile.

3. Ukulahlwa kwemfucuza

Izindlela zokulahla okufanele kufanele zilandelwe ukuvikela ukungcoliswa kwemvelo. I-Daam, njengamakhemikhali amaningi, akufanele akhishwe emithonjeni yamanzi endalo noma ukugcwala komhlaba ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Izinqubo zokulawulwa kokuphinda zisebenzise kabusha zingasiza ekunciphiseni umthelela wezemvelo.

I-Diacetone ACRAMIDE iyingxenye ebalulekile emkhakheni we-polymer science kanye nobunjiniyela bezinto ezibonakalayo. Isakhiwo saso samakhemikhali esiyingqayizivele sikwenza ukuthi isetshenziswe ezinhlelweni eziningi zezicelo, ezivela kuma-polyments asema-surabsorbent kuya ezinamathela, ukumboza kanye nama-hydrogels. Amandla okulawula i-polymerization yawo futhi aguqule izakhiwo zawo enza kube yimomerer eguquguqukayo yezinqubo zezimboni.

Naphezu kwezinzuzo zayo eziningi, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Daam kumele kuphathwe ngokucophelela ukunciphisa umthelela wayo wezemvelo nobuthi. Ukuqhubeka kokucwaninga kuma-polymers aqhubekayo futhi angakwazi ukugcwala kubalulekile ngekusasa leDaam ezinhlalulweni zezimboni.

Njengesidingo sezinto ezithuthukile kakhulu, ezisebenzayo zikhula, i-diaceto acrylide kulindeleke ukuthi ihlale ibhlokhi yokwakha ebalulekile yobuchwepheshe obuningi obusafufusa emasimini anjengomuthi, ukwelashwa kwamanzi kanye nezolimo.

TDS daam I-MSDS (DAAM)