Yintoni iPolymerization?

I-Polymerization yi-chemical reaction apho i-monomers (i-molecule ezincinci) idibaniswa ukuze yenze i-polymer (i-molecule enkulu). Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukubunjwa kwamabhondi adibeneyo phakathi kwee-monomers, okukhokelela kwisakhiwo esifana nekhonkco kunye neeyunithi eziphindayo.

I-Polymerization ingenzeka ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukudibanisa i-polymerization kunye ne-condensation polymerization. Ukongeza i-polymerization, ii-monomers zidityaniswa kunye ngothotho lweekhemikhali eziphendulayo ezongeza i-monomer enye ngexesha kwikhonkco lepolymer elikhulayo. Le nkqubo ifuna ukusetyenziswa kwe-catalyst ukuqalisa ukusabela. Imizekelo yokongezwa kweepholima ziquka i-polyethylene, i-polypropylene, kunye ne-polystyrene.

I-polymerization ye-condensation, ngakolunye uhlangothi, ibandakanya ukupheliswa kwe-molecule encinci, njengamanzi okanye utywala, njengoko i-monomers idibanisa ukwenza i-polymer. Le nkqubo ifuna iindidi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo zeemonomers, nganye ineqela elisebenzayo elinokuthi lenze i-covalent bond kunye nomnye. Imizekelo yeepholima zokujiya ziquka inayiloni, ipolyester, kunye nepolyurethane.

I-Polymerization isetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, kubandakanywa ukuveliswa kweeplastiki, iifayibha, i-adhesives, i-coatings, kunye nezinye izinto. Iipropati ze-polymer ezibangelwayo zinokuthi zilungelelaniswe ngokulungelelanisa uhlobo kunye nobungakanani be-monomers ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye neemeko ze-polymerization reaction.