Kwishishini lokugaya, amadaka ahlukeneyo (okanye i-drilling fluids) zizinto eziphambili zokuqinisekisa inkqubela phambili yenkqubo yokugaya. Ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezinzima ze-geological, ukukhethwa kunye nokulungiswa kodaka lokugaya kunempembelelo ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle, ukhuseleko kunye nokulawulwa kweendleko zemisebenzi yokugaya. impembelelo ngqo.Iselulosi yeHydroxyethyl (HEC)sisilulo seselulosi sendalo esidlala indima ebalulekileyo njengesongezo ekwembeni udaka. Inokuqina okuhle, i-rheology, iipropathi zokuchasana nongcoliseko kunye nokhuseleko oluphezulu lokusiNgqongileyo, isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo zokwemba ulwelo.
1. Iimpawu kunye nokwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-HEC
I-HEC yi-soluble water-soluble, non-toxic and engenabungozi kwikhompawundi yepolymer yendalo. I-cellulose eguqulwe ngamachiza yazisa amaqela e-hydroxyethyl kwisakhiwo sayo se-molecular, ngaloo ndlela yenze umphumo oqinileyo wokuqina kunye nokunyibilika kwamanzi. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-HEC kwi-drilling fluids ikakhulu kuxhomekeke kumaqela e-hydrophilic (i-hydroxyl kunye namaqela e-hydroxyethyl) kwitsheyina le-molecular. La maqela angenza i-hydrogen bonding network enhle kwisisombululo esinamanzi, enika isisombululo se-viscosity-ukwanda kweempawu. .
2. Indima ephambili yeHEC ekwembeni udaka
Isiphumo se-arhente esityebisayo
Omnye weyona misebenzi ibalulekileyo ye-HEC ekugrumbeni ulwelo kukujiya. Iimpawu eziphezulu ze-viscosity ze-HEC zinokunyusa kakhulu i-viscosity ye-drilling fluid, iqinisekisa ukuba i-drilling fluid inenkxaso eyaneleyo yokuncedisa ukuthwala ukusika kunye neengqungquthela zesanti kunye nokuthutha i-debrilling debris ukusuka ezantsi kwequla ukuya phezulu. Ukwandisa i-viscosity ye-drilling fluid kunceda ukunciphisa ukukhuhlana kudonga lwangaphakathi lombhobho wokugaya, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukusebenza kakuhle. Ukongeza, iipropathi zokuqina eziqinileyo ze-HEC kunye ne-viscosity ezinzileyo yenza ukuba ikwazi ukufikelela kwiziphumo ezifanelekileyo zokujiya kwiindawo ezisezantsi, ngokufanelekileyo ukunciphisa iindleko zokomba.
Indima ye-arhente yokulawula ukulahleka kwamanzi
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokomba, ukulawula ukulahleka kwamanzi olwelo lokomba kuyingqwalasela ebalulekileyo. Ukulawulwa kwelahleko yolwelo kubalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo eludongeni lomthombo ukuthintela ukungena ngokugqithisileyo kwamanzi odaka ekubunjweni, okubangela ukuwa kokwakheka okanye ukungazinzi kodonga lomthombo. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezilungileyo ze-hydration, i-HEC inokwenza umaleko oshinyeneyo wekhekhe lokucoca eludongeni lomthombo, ukunciphisa izinga lokungena kwamanzi kulwelo lokomba ekubunjweni, ngaloo ndlela ilawula ngempumelelo ilahleko yolwelo lodaka. Le keyiki yokuhluza ayinalo nje ukuqina okuhle kunye namandla, kodwa iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yejoloji, ngaloo ndlela igcina uzinzo lodonga lwequla kumaqula anzulu kunye nemekobume yobushushu obuphezulu.
Iiarhente zeRheological kunye nolawulo lokuhamba
I-HEC ikwadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekulawuleni ubumanzi bokomba udaka. I-rheology ye-drilling fluid ibhekisela kwi-deformation yayo okanye ikhono lokuhamba phantsi kwesenzo soxinzelelo lwe-shear. Ingcono i-rheology, eyona nto ifanelekileyo ulwelo lokomba luhambisa uxinzelelo kwaye luthwele ukusika ngexesha lenkqubo yokomba. I-HEC inokulungelelanisa iimpawu ze-rheological ze-drilling fluid ngokutshintsha i-viscosity yayo kunye ne-fluidity, ngaloo ndlela iphucula i-shear dilution effect yodaka, ivumela udaka ukuba luhambe kakuhle kumbhobho we-drill kunye nokuphucula i-lubrication effect yodaka. Ngokukodwa kwinkqubo yokugaya amaqula anzulu kunye nemigodi ethe tye, i-rheological adjustment effect ye-HEC ibaluleke kakhulu.
Ukucoca umthombo ophuculweyo
Isiphumo sokujiya se-HEC asipheleli nje ekubeni negalelo kwisakhono sodaka lokugrumba ukuthwala kunye nokunqumamisa ukusikwa kwe-drill, kodwa kunceda ukomeleza ukucoceka komthombo. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugaya, inani elikhulu lokusika liya kuveliswa kwiqula. Ukuba ezi ziqendu azikwazi ukuphunyezwa ngokufanelekileyo ngodaka, zinokuthi ziqokelele emazantsi equla kwaye zenze i-sediments ye-bottom-hole, ngaloo ndlela ikhulise ukuxhatshazwa kwe-drill bit kunye nokuchaphazela inkqubela phambili yokugaya. Ngenxa yeempawu zayo zokujiya ezisebenzayo, i-HEC inokunceda udaka lumise kwaye luthuthe i-drill cuttings ngokufanelekileyo, ngaloo ndlela iqinisekisa ukucoceka komthombo kunye nokuthintela ukuqokelelwa kweentlenga.
Isiphumo sokuchasana nongcoliseko
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokugaya, udaka luhlala lungcoliswa ngamaminerali ahlukeneyo kunye nolwelo lokubumba, olubangela ukusilela kodaka. Iipropati ze-HEC ezichasene nongcoliseko yenye inzuzo enkulu. I-HEC izinzile phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo ze-pH kwaye inamandla okuchasana nokuphazamiseka kwi-ion ezininzi ezifana ne-calcium kunye ne-magnesium, evumela ukuba igcine i-viscosity ezinzileyo kunye nemiphumo ekhulayo ekubunjweni okuqukethe iiminerali, ngokunciphisa oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokungaphumeleli kokugaya ulwelo kwindawo. imo engqongileyo engcolisekileyo.
Iyahambelana nokusingqongileyo kwaye iyabola
Ukusukela okoI-HECsisimathiriyeli sepolymer yendalo, inokonakala kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nobuhlobo bendalo. Kumxholo wokwandisa ngokuthe ngcembe iimfuno zokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo, iimpawu ze-biodegradability ze-HEC zenza ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo yeenkqubo zokubhoboza ulwelo oluhambelana nokusingqongileyo. I-HEC ayiyi kubangela ukungcoliseka okubalulekileyo kokusingqongileyo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, kwaye ayiyi kuba nemiphumo emibi kumhlaba namanzi aphantsi komhlaba emva kokuthotywa. Ke ngoko, sisongezelelo somgangatho ophezulu wokusingqongileyo.
3. Imingeni kunye nophuhliso lwexesha elizayo kwizicelo ze-HEC
Nangona i-HEC ineenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ekubhobhozeni udaka, ukusebenza kwayo phantsi kweemeko zokomba ezigqithisileyo ezifana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo kufuneka kuphuculwe ngakumbi. Ngokomzekelo, i-HEC inokuthi iqhube ukuthotywa kwe-thermal kumaqondo aphezulu, okubangela ukuba udaka lulahlekelwe yi-viscosity kunye nemiphumo yokuqina. Ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukuba kusebenze kwiindawo eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye nezibi kakhulu, uphando kwiminyaka yamuva luye lwaqala ukugxila ekuguquleni i-HEC ukuphucula ukuzinza kwayo kokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuchasana noxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngokomzekelo, ngokuzisa i-agent edibanisa i-cross-linking, amaqela okumelana nokushisa okuphezulu kunye nezinye iindlela zokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali kwi-HEC ye-molecular chain, ukusebenza kwe-HEC phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kunokuphuculwa kwaye kulungiswe kwiimfuno zeendawo ze-geological ezifuna kakhulu.
Njengenxalenye ebalulekileyo yodaka lokwemba, i-HEC idlala indima ebalulekileyo kubunjineli bokomba ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, ukuchasana nokuhluzwa, ukulungiswa kwe-rheological, ukuchasana nokungcoliseka kunye neempawu ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo. Kwixesha elizayo, njengoko ubunzulu bokomba kunye nobunzima bukhula, iimfuno zokusebenza kwe-HEC nazo ziya kwanda. Ngokwenza ngcono kunye nokuguqula i-HEC, umda wokusetyenziswa kwayo kumanzi okomba uya kwandiswa ngakumbi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeendawo zokomba ezingqongqo. .
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-14-2024