Uphononongo kuLawulo loMgangatho weHydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Ngokwemeko yangoku yemveliso ye-HPMC kwilizwe lam, izinto ezichaphazela umgangatho we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose zihlaziywa, kwaye kwesi siseko, indlela yokuphucula umgangatho we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ixoxwa kwaye ifundwe, ukwenzela ukuba ibe yimveliso.

Amagama angundoqo:i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; umgangatho; ulawulo; uphando

I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (i-HPMC) yi-cellulose e-non-ionic yamanzi e-soluble e-ether exutywe ngekotoni, umthi, kunye ne-etherified nge-propylene oxide kunye ne-methyl chloride emva kokudumba kwe-alkali. Iselulosi exutywe iether yiIderivative elungisiweyo ye-ether enye ebambeleyo ineempawu ezingcono ezizodwa kune-monoether yoqobo, kwaye inokudlala ukusebenza kwe-ether yeselulosi ngokuqondakalayo nangokugqibeleleyo. Phakathi kweether ezininzi ezixubileyo, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Indlela yokulungiselela kukongeza ipropylene oxide kwi-alkaline cellulose. I-HPMC yoShishino inokuchazwa njengemveliso yehlabathi jikelele. Iqondo lokutshintshwa kweqela le-methyl (ixabiso le-DS) ngu-1.3 ukuya kwi-2.2, kunye ne-molar substitution degree ye-hydroxypropyl yi-0.1 ukuya kwi-0.8. Ingabonwa kwidatha engentla ukuba umxholo kunye neempawu ze-methyl kunye ne-hydroxypropyl kwi-HPMC zihlukile, okubangelwa yi-viscosity yokugqibela yemveliso kunye nokwahluka kokufana kukhokelela ekuguquguqukeni kumgangatho wemveliso egqityiweyo yamashishini ahlukeneyo okuvelisa.

I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ivelisa i-ether derivatives ngokusebenzisa ii-chemical reactions, ezinotshintsho olunzulu ekubunjweni kwayo, isakhiwo kunye neempawu, ngokukodwa ukunyibilika kwe-cellulose, enokuthi ihluke ngokohlobo kunye nobungakanani bamaqela e-alkyl aqaliswe. Fumana izinto eziphuma kwi-ether ezinyibilikayo emanzini, unyibilike umxube wealkali, izinyibilikisi zepolar (ezifana ne-ethanol, ipropanol) kunye nezinyibilikisi ze-organic (ezifana ne-benzene, i-ether), ezandisa kakhulu iintlobo kunye nemimandla yokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphuma kwi-cellulose.

1. Impembelelo yenkqubo ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose alkalization kumgangatho

Inkqubo alkalization linyathelo lokuqala kwisigaba reaction of HPMC imveliso, kwaye ikwalelona nyathelo libaluleke kakhulu. Umgangatho wendalo yeemveliso ze-HPMC umiselwa kakhulu yinkqubo ye-alkalization, kungekhona inkqubo ye-etherification, kuba umphumo we-alkalization uchaphazela ngqo umphumo we-etherification.

I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose isebenzisana nesisombululo se-alkaline ukwenza i-alkali cellulose, esebenza kakhulu. Kwi-reaction ye-etherification, impendulo ephambili ye-etherification agent ekudumbeni, ukungena, kunye ne-etherification ye-cellulose kunye nesantya seempendulo zecala, ukufana kwempendulo kunye neempawu zemveliso yokugqibela zonke zinxulumene nokwakheka kunye nokwakhiwa I-alkali cellulose, ngoko ke ulwakhiwo kunye neepropati zeekhemikhali ze-alkali cellulose zizinto ezibalulekileyo zophando kwimveliso ye-cellulose ether.

2. Impembelelo yobushushu kumgangatho we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Kuxinaniso oluthile lwesisombululo samanzi se-KOH, isixa se-adsorption kunye neqondo lokudumba le-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ukuya kwi-alkali yonyuka kunye nokuncipha kobushushu bokusabela. Ngokomzekelo, imveliso ye-alkali cellulose iyahluka ngokuxinwa kwe-KOH: 15%, 8% kwi-10.°C, kunye ne-4.2% kwi-5°C. Inkqubo yale ndlela kukuba ukubunjwa kwe-alkali cellulose yinkqubo yokusabela exothermic. Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liphakama, i-adsorption ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kwi-alkali Isixa sincitshisiwe, kodwa ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis ye-alkali cellulose kwanda kakhulu, okungahambi kakuhle ekubunjweni kwe-alkali cellulose. Inokubonwa ukusuka ngasentla ukuba ukwehlisa ubushushu be-alkalization kukulungele ukuveliswa kwe-alkali cellulose kwaye inqanda ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis.

3. Impembelelo yezongezo kumgangatho we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Kwinkqubo ye-cellulose-KOH-amanzi, i-additive-ityuwa inempembelelo enkulu ekubunjweni kwe-alkali cellulose. Xa ukuxinwa kwesisombululo se-KOH kungaphantsi kwe-13%, i-adsorption ye-cellulose kwi-alkali ayichaphazeli ukongezwa kwetyuwa ye-potassium chloride. Xa ukuxinwa kwesisombululo se-lye kungaphezulu kwe-13%, emva kokongeza i-potassium chloride, i-adsorption ebonakalayo ye-cellulose kwi-alkali I-adsorption iyanda ngokuxinwa kwe-potassium chloride, kodwa umthamo we-adsorption uyancipha, kwaye i-adsorption yamanzi iyanda kakhulu, ngoko ke Ukongezwa kwetyuwa ngokuqhelekileyo kungathandeki kwi-alkalization kunye nokuvuvukala kwe-cellulose, kodwa ityuwa inokuthintela i-hydrolysis kwaye ilawule inkqubo Umthamo wamanzi wamahhala ngoko uphucula umphumo we-alkalization kunye ne-etherification.

4. Impembelelo yenkqubo yokuvelisa kumgangatho we-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Okwangoku, amashishini okuvelisa i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kwilizwe lam ikakhulu amkela inkqubo yokuvelisa indlela yokunyibilikisa. Ukulungiswa kunye nenkqubo ye-etherification ye-alkali cellulose zonke zenziwa kwi-solvent ye-inert ye-organic, ngoko ke umqhaphu ococekileyo ococekileyo kufuneka uhlanjululwe ukuze ufumane indawo enkulu yoMphezulu kunye nokuphinda kusebenze ukuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso egqityiweyo.

Yongeza i-cellulose ehlanjululweyo, isisombululo se-organic kunye ne-alkali kwi-reactor, kwaye usebenzise ukuvuselela okunamandla koomatshini kwiqondo lokushisa elithile kunye nexesha lokufumana i-alkali cellulose kunye ne-alkalization efanayo kunye nokuthotywa okuncinci. Izinyibilikisi ze-Organic dilution (isopropanol, toluene, njl.) zine-inertness ethile, eyenza i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ikhuphe ubushushu obufanayo ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakheka, ebonisa inkqubela phambili yokukhululwa, ngelixa inciphisa ukusabela kwe-hydrolysis ye-alkali cellulose kwelinye icala Ukufumana i-high- umgangatho we-alkali cellulose, ngokuqhelekileyo ukuxinana kwe-lye esetyenziswe kweli khonkco kuphezulu ukuya kuma-50%.

Emva kokuba i-cellulose ifakwe kwi-lye, i-alkali cellulose idumbe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ngokulinganayo ifumaneka. I-lye ye-osmotically idumba i-cellulose ngcono, ibeka isiseko esihle sokusabela kwe-etherification elandelayo. Izinyibilikisi eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-isopropanol, i-acetone, i-toluene, njl njl. Iingqimba eziphezulu kunye nezisezantsi zenziwe xa zixutywa. Uluhlu oluphezulu lwenziwe nge-isopropanol kunye namanzi, kwaye uluhlu olusezantsi luqulunqwe yi-alkali kunye nenani elincinci le-isopropanol. I-cellulose ehlakazwe kwinkqubo idibene ngokupheleleyo kunye neengqimba zamanzi eziphezulu kunye nezantsi phantsi kokuvuselela oomatshini. I-alkali kwinkqubo Ukulinganisela kwamanzi kuyatshintsha kuze kube yi-cellulose.

Njengesiqhelo se-cellulose non-ionic ether exubeneyo, umxholo wamaqela e-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ukwimixokelelwane eyahlukeneyo ye-macromolecular, oko kukuthi, umlinganiselo wokuhanjiswa kwamaqela e-methyl kunye ne-hydroxypropyl yahlukile kwi-C yendawo nganye yeringi yeglucose. Inokusasazwa okukhulu kunye nokungakhethi, okwenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa uzinzo lomgangatho wemveliso.