Inkqubo yokuVelisa kunye neempawu zeSodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose

I-Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) yipolymer enyibilikayo emanzini ephuma kwi-cellulose, esetyenziswa kakhulu kwimizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo enjengokutya, amayeza, izinto zokuthambisa, amalaphu, kunye nokugrumba ioyile. Iyaziwa ngokutyeba kwayo okugqwesileyo, ukuzinzisa, kunye neempawu zayo zokubopha. Kweli nqaku, siza kuxubusha inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye neempawu ze-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose.

Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweSodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Ukuveliswa kwe-Na-CMC kubandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi, kubandakanywa ukutsalwa kwe-cellulose kwi-pulp yokhuni, i-cotton linters, okanye eminye imithombo, elandelwa kukuguqulwa kwe-cellulose ukudala amaqela e-carboxymethyl. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kweNa-CMC inokushwankathelwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. I-Cellulose Extraction: I-Cellulose ikhutshwe kwi-pulp yokhuni okanye eminye imithombo ngoluhlu lwezonyango kunye neekhemikhali, kuquka i-pulping, i-bleaching, kunye nokucoca.
2. Unyango lwe-Alkali: I-cellulose ekhutshiweyo iphathwa ngesisombululo esomeleleyo se-alkaline, ngokuqhelekileyo i-sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ukudumba imicu ye-cellulose kwaye iveze amaqela asebenzayo e-hydroxyl.
3. I-Etherification: Iintsinga ze-cellulose ezidumbileyo emva koko zisabela nge-sodium monochloroacetate (SMCA) phambi kwe-alkaline catalyst efana ne-sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) ukwazisa amaqela e-carboxymethyl kwi-cellulose backbone.
4. I-neutralization: I-cellulose ye-carboxymethylated emva koko ingathathi hlangothi nge-asidi efana ne-hydrochloric acid (HCl) okanye i-sulfuric acid (H2SO4) ukwenza i-Na-CMC.
5. Ukucocwa kunye nokomisa: I-Na-CMC ihlanjululwa ngokuhlamba kunye nokucoca ukususa nayiphi na into engcolileyo kwaye yomiswe ukuze ifumane umgubo okhululekileyo.

Iimpawu zeSodium Carboxymethyl Cellulose

Iimpawu ze-Na-CMC zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiqondo lokutshintshwa (DS), elibhekiselele kwinani lamaqela e-carboxymethyl ngeyunithi ye-anhydroglucose (AGU) ye-cellulose. Ezinye zeempawu eziphambili zeNa-CMC zezi:

1. Ukunyibilika: I-Na-CMC i-soluble kakhulu emanzini kwaye inokwenza izisombululo ezicacileyo, ezibonakalayo emanzini.
2. I-Viscosity: I-viscosity yezisombululo ze-Na-CMC ixhomekeke kugxininiso, i-DS, kunye nobunzima bemolekyuli yepolymer. I-Na-CMC iyaziwa ngeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo zokutyeba kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukunyusa i-viscosity yezisombululo kunye nokumiswa.
3. Ukuzinza kwe-pH: I-Na-CMC izinzile kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaxabiso e-pH, ukusuka kwi-acidic ukuya kwi-alkaline, okwenza ukuba ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
4. Ukunyamezela kweTyuwa: I-Na-CMC inyamezela kakhulu kwiityuwa kwaye inokugcina i-viscosity yayo kunye nokuzinza phambi kwe-electrolytes.
5. Ukuzinza kweThermal: I-Na-CMC izinzile kumaqondo aphezulu kwaye ingasetyenziselwa kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoshishino ezifuna iimeko zokushisa okuphezulu.
6. I-Biodegradability: I-Na-CMC iyabola kwaye inokulahlwa ngokukhuselekileyo kokusingqongileyo.

Ukuqukumbela

I-sodium carboxymethyl cellulose yipolymer eguquguqukayo esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso ngenxa yokuqina kwayo okugqwesileyo, ukuzinzisa, kunye neempawu zokubopha. Inkqubo yokwenziwa kwe-Na-CMC ibandakanya ukutsalwa kwe-cellulose elandelwa kukuguqulwa kwe-cellulose ukudala amaqela e-carboxymethyl. I-Na-CMC ineempawu ezininzi ezifana nokunyibilika, i-viscosity, ukuzinza kwe-pH, ukunyamezela ityuwa, ukuzinza kwe-thermal, kunye nokubola kwezinto eziphilayo, ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Iipropati ze-Na-CMC zinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokulawula iqondo lokutshintshwa, ubunzima bemolekyuli, kunye nokugxila, okwenza kube sisixhobo esibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemizi-mveliso.