A. Intshayelelo
1.1 Imvelaphi
Isamente licandelo elisisiseko lezinto zokwakha, ezibonelela ngeempawu zokubopha ezifunekayo ukwenza ikhonkrithi kunye nodaka. Isitashi se-ethers esivela kwimithombo yesitashi sendalo sifumana ingqalelo njengezongezo eziguqula iipropati zezinto ezisekelwe kwisamente. Ukuqonda ukuhambelana kwe-starch ethers kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesamente kubalulekile ukunyusa ukusebenza kwazo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuqina kwezakhiwo zokwakha.
1.2 Iinjongo
Injongo yolu hlaziyo kuku:
Phonononga iintlobo kunye neepropathi ze-estatshi ezisetyenziswa rhoqo kushishino lokwakha.
Phanda iindlela zokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-starch ethers kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesamente.
Vavanya impembelelo ye-ethers yesitatshi kwiipropati zezixhobo ezisekelwe kwisamente.
Imingeni kunye nezisombululo ezinokubakho ezinxulumene nokuhambelana kwe-starch ethers kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesamente zixoxwa.
B. Iintlobo zeStatshi Ethers
Isitashi se-ethers siqulethe iindidi zeekhompawundi ezivela kwi-starch, i-polysaccharide eninzi kwindalo. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ze-starch ethers ziquka:
2.1 I-Hydroxyethyl starch ether (HEC)
I-HEC isetyenziselwa ngokubanzi ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye neempawu zokuqina, okwenza ukuba ilungele ukuphucula ukusebenza kwemixube yesamente.
2.2 IHydroxypropyl starch ether (HPC)
I-HPC iye yaphucula ukuxhathisa kwamanzi, okuphucula ukuqina kunye nokubambelela kwizinto ezisekelwe kwisamente.
2.3 ICarboxymethyl starch ether (CMS)
I-CMS inika iipropati eziphuculweyo ze-rheological kumxube we-samente, ochaphazela ukuhamba kwayo kunye neempawu zokumisela.
C. Iindidi zesamente
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zesamente, nganye ineempawu ezithile ezifanelekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Iindidi eziqhelekileyo ziquka:
3.1 ISamente yasePortland eqhelekileyo (OPC)
I-OPC lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu lwesamente kwaye yaziwa ngokuguquguquka kwayo kwizicelo zokwakha.
3.2 Portland Pozzolana Cement (PPC)
I-PPC iqulethe izinto ze-pozzolanic ezandisa ukuqina kwekhonkrithi kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
3.3 I-Sulfate Resistant Cement (SRC)
I-SRC yenzelwe ukumelana neendawo ezityebileyo zesulfate, ngaloo ndlela yandisa ukuxhathisa kuhlaselo lweekhemikhali.
D. Indlela yokunxibelelana
Ukuhambelana phakathi kwe-starch ethers kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesamente kulawulwa ngeendlela ezininzi, kuquka:
4.1 I-Adsorption kumphezulu wamasuntswana esamente
Isitashi se-ethers sibhengeza kwiincinci zesamente, ezichaphazela intlawulo yazo yomhlaba kunye nokutshintsha iimpawu ze-rheological ze-cement slurry.
4.2 Ifuthe lokugalela amanzi
I-starch ethers inokuchaphazela inkqubo ye-hydration ngokuchaphazela ukufumaneka kwamanzi, okubangela utshintsho kwixesha lokumisela kunye nophuhliso lwamandla ezinto ze-cementitious.
E. Impembelelo kwizinto ezisekelwe kwisamente
Ukubandakanya ii-ethers zesitatshi kwizinto ezisekwe kwisamente kunokuvelisa iziphumo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:
5.1 Ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle
Isitashi se-ethers siphucula ukusebenza kwemixube yesamente ngokunyusa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokunciphisa ulwahlulo.
5.2 Ukomelezwa kokuqina
Isitashi esithile se-ethers siphucula ukuqina ngokunyusa ukuchasana nokuqhekeka, ukuqhawuka kunye nokuhlaselwa kweekhemikhali.
5.3 Ukuguqulwa kwezinto eziphilayo
Iimpawu ze-rheological ze-sement slurries zinokuhlengahlengiswa ngokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwe-starch ethers, ngaloo ndlela ichaphazela i-viscosity kunye neempawu zokuhamba.
F. Imingeni kunye nezisombululo
Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezininzi zokusebenzisa i-ethers yesitatshi, imingeni ihleli ekuphumezeni ukuhambelana okufanelekileyo kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesamente. Le mingeni ibandakanya:
6.1 Ukulibaziseka kwexesha lokuseta
Ezinye ii-ethers zesitatshi zisenokuthi ngempazamo zandise ixesha lokumiselwa kwesamente, zifuna uhlengahlengiso olucokisekileyo lolwakhiwo ukuze kugcinwe inkqubela.
6.2 Impembelelo kumandla oxinzelelo
Ukulinganisa ukuguqulwa kwe-rheological efunekayo kunye nempembelelo enokubakho kumandla oxinzelelo ngumngeni ofuna uvavanyo olucokisekileyo kunye nokulungiswa.
6.3 Ukuqwalaselwa kweendleko
Ukusebenza kweendleko ze-incorroration ye-starch ethers kufuneka kuhlolwe ngononophelo, kuqwalaselwe inzuzo ngokubanzi kunye nokungalunganga okunokwenzeka.
G. Isiphelo
Isishwankathelo, i-ethers yesitashi idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuguquleni iimpawu zemathiriyeli esekwe kwisamente. Ukuhambelana kwe-starch ethers kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zesamente yinkalo eninzi ebandakanya ukuqonda ukusebenzisana kwinqanaba le-molecular, umphumo wabo kwi-hydration kunye nomphumo obangelwayo ekusebenzeni kwezinto zokwakha. Ngaphandle kwemiceli mngeni, ukuqulunqwa ngononophelo kunye novavanyo kunokunceda ukuqonda amandla apheleleyo e-starch ethers, ukunceda ukuphuhlisa izinto ezihlala ixesha elide kunye nezasebenzisekayo ezisekwe kwisamente kushishino lokwakha. Uphando lwexesha elizayo kufuneka lugxininise ekusombululeni imingeni ethile kunye nokwandisa umda wokusetyenziswa kwe-starch ethers kwiinkqubo zesamente.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-05-2023