I-samente ye-aluminate, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-high-alumina sement (HAC), luhlobo lwesamente ye-hydraulic eyenziwe nge-bauxite kunye ne-limestone. Yaqala ukufunyanwa eFransi ngeminyaka yoo-1900 kwaye ngoku isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekwakhiweni ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa kunye neenzuzo ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo zesamente. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga imvelaphi, iimpawu, izibonelelo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesamente ye-aluminate.

Imvelaphi Isamente yeAluminate yafunyanwa okokuqala eFransi ekuqaleni kweminyaka yoo-1900 yinjineli yaseFransi egama linguJules Bied. Wafumanisa ukuba ngokufudumeza umxube we<em>bauxite ne<em>limestone kwiqondo lobushushu obuphakamileyo, kuveliswa i<em>cementitious material eyomelela neyomelela kakhulu. Esi sixhobo ekuqaleni sasisaziwa ngokuba yi “ciment fondu” okanye “isamente enyibilikisiweyo” ngesiFrentshi, kwaye kamva sanikwa ilungelo elilodwa lomenzi wechiza njengesamente enealumina ephezulu.

Iimpawu Isamente yeAluminate ineempawu ezininzi ezizodwa ezenza yahluke kwezinye iindidi zesamente. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

1. Ukuseta okukhawulezayo: Iseti yesamente ye-aluminate ngokukhawuleza, kunye nexesha lokumisela malunga neeyure ezingama-4-5. Oku kuyenza ilungele usetyenziso apho ulungiselelo olukhawulezayo lufuneka, njengemozulu ebandayo okanye xa kufuneka ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza.
2. Amandla aphezulu kwangethuba: Isamente yeAluminate inamandla aphezulu aphezulu, inamandla acinezelayo ajikeleze i-50-70 MPa emva kosuku olunye lokunyanga. Oku kuyenza ilungele usetyenziso apho kufuneka amandla kwangethuba, njengakwikhonkrithi yeprecast okanye ukulungiswa.
3. Ukushisa okuphezulu kwe-hydration: I-samente ye-aluminate ivelisa ubushushu obuphezulu ngexesha lenkqubo ye-hydration, enokuthi ibe luncedo kunye ne-divantage. Ubushushu obuphezulu be-hydration buyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwimozulu ebandayo, njengoko inokunceda ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokunyanga. Nangona kunjalo, kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kunye nezinye iindlela zomonakalo ukuba azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.
4. I-carbon footprint ephantsi: I-samente ye-aluminate ine-carbon footprint ephantsi kune-samente yendabuko yasePortland, njengoko idinga ukushisa okuphantsi ngexesha lokuvelisa kwaye iqulethe i-clinker encinci.

Izinto eziluncedo Isamente yeAluminate ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwezinye iintlobo zesamente, kuquka:

1. Ukucwangcisa ngokukhawuleza: I-Aluminate isethi ye-samente ngokukhawuleza, enokugcina ixesha kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokwakha.
2. Amandla aphezulu kwangethuba: Isamente ye-aluminate inamandla aphezulu kwangethuba, anokunciphisa ixesha elifunekayo lokunyanga nokwandisa imveliso.
3. Ukumelana ne-sulfate ephezulu: I-samente ye-aluminate inokumelana okuphezulu nokuhlaselwa kwe-sulfate, eyenza ifaneleke ukusetyenziswa kwiindawo ezine-sulfate ephezulu, njengeendawo ezinxweme.
4. I-Shrinkage ephantsi: I-samente ye-aluminate inezinga eliphantsi lokunciphisa kune-samente yendabuko yasePortland, enokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kunye nezinye iindlela zomonakalo.

Isebenzisa iAluminate Cement isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanya:

1. Ukuseta ngokukhawuleza ikhonkrithi: Isamente yealuminayithi isoloko isetyenziswa kwizicelo apho ulungiselelo olukhawulezayo lufuneka, njengakwimozulu ebandayo okanye ukulungiswa ngokukhawuleza.
2. Ikhonkrithi ye-precast: I-samente ye-aluminate isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweemveliso zekhonkrithi zangaphambili, njengemibhobho yekhonkrithi, i-slabs, kunye neepaneli.
3. Isamente eRefractory: Isamente ye-aluminate isoloko isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwesamente enqandayo, esetyenziselwa ukuhlanganisa iziko lobushushu obuphezulu, ii-kilns kunye nezinye izixhobo zemizi-mveliso.
4. Izicelo ezikhethekileyo: I-samente ye-aluminate iphinda isetyenziswe kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo, ezifana nokuveliswa kwekhonkrithi yokuzimela kunye ne-binder kwiintlobo ezithile zezinto zamazinyo.

Ukuqukumbela Isamente yeAluminate luhlobo olulodwa lwesamente olubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ngaphezu kwesamente yasePortland. Inomgangatho ophantsi wekhabhoni, iseti ngokukhawuleza, inamandla aphezulu kwangethuba, kwaye iyamelana kakhulu nohlaselo lwesulfate. I-samente ye-aluminate isetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ikhonkrithi yokumisa ngokukhawuleza, ikhonkrithi yangaphambili, i-samente ye-refractory, kunye nezicelo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezixhobo zamazinyo. Ngelixa i-samente ye-aluminate ineengenelo ezininzi, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ikwanazo ezinye izinto ezingeloncedo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Ubushushu obuphezulu be-hydration bunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni kunye nezinye iindlela zomonakalo ukuba azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, kwaye kunokuba zibiza kakhulu kunesamente yasePortland yendabuko. Nangona kunjalo, izibonelelo zokusebenzisa i-samente ye-aluminate zihlala zigqithisa iindleko, ngokukodwa kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo apho iimpawu zayo ezizodwa ziyimfuneko.