Mudhaka yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa, iyo yekuwedzera yakawanda ye cellulose ether yakaderera zvikuru, asi inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kushanda kwedhaka rakanyorova, uye iyo inonyanya kuwedzera iyo inokanganisa kushanda kwekuvaka kwedhaka. Kusarudzwa kunonzwisisika kwema cellulose ethers emhando dzakasiyana-siyana, viscosities dzakasiyana, zvakasiyana-siyana zvidimbu, madhigirii akasiyana-siyana eviscosity uye yakawedzerwa mari ichava nemigumisiro yakanaka pakuvandudzwa kwekushanda kwevhu rakaoma dhaka. Parizvino, akawanda masonry uye plastering madhaka ane hurombo hwekuchengeta mvura kuita, uye slurry yemvura ichaparadzana mushure memaminitsi mashoma ekumira. Kuchengetwa kwemvura ibasa rakakosha remethyl cellulose ether, uye zvakare kuita kunoita kuti vazhinji vedzimba vanogadzira dhaka vanogadzira dhaka, kunyanya avo vari kumatunhu ekumaodzanyemba ane tembiricha yakanyanya, vanoteerera. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuchengetedza kwemvura kweiyo yakaoma musanganiswa dhaka zvinosanganisira huwandu hweMC yakawedzerwa, viscosity yeMC, kunaka kwezvikamu uye tembiricha yenzvimbo yekushandisa.
1. Pfungwa
Cellulose ether i polymer yakagadzirwa kubva kune yakasikwa cellulose kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kemikari. Cellulose ether inobva kune yakasikwa cellulose. Kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether kwakasiyana nemapolymer ekugadzira. Yayo inonyanya kukosha ndeye cellulose, yakasikwa polymer musanganiswa. Nekuda kwekusarudzika kwechisikigo cellulose chimiro, iyo cellulose pachayo haina kukwanisa kuita ne etherification agents. Zvisinei, mushure mekurapwa kwechirwere chekuzvimba, zvisungo zvakasimba zvehydrogen pakati pemaketani emaketani nemaketani zvinoparadzwa, uye kusunungurwa kunoshingaira kweboka rehydroxyl kunova reactive alkali cellulose. Wana cellulose ether.
Zvinhu zve cellulose ethers zvinoenderana nerudzi, nhamba uye kugovera kwezvinotsiva. Kurongeka kwe cellulose ethers zvakare kwakavakirwa pamhando yezvinotsiva, dhigirii reetherification, solubility uye zvine chekuita nekushandisa zvivakwa. Zvinoenderana nerudzi rwezvinotsiva pane molecular cheni, inogona kukamurwa kuita monoether uye yakasanganiswa ether. Iyo MC yatinowanzo shandisa ndeye monoether, uye iyo HPMC yakasanganiswa ether. Methyl cellulose ether MC ndicho chigadzirwa mushure meboka re hydroxyl pane glucose unit ye natural cellulose inotsiviwa ne methoxy. Icho chigadzirwa chinowanikwa nekutsiva chikamu cheboka rehydroxyl payuniti neboka remethoxy uye chimwe chikamu neboka rehydroxypropyl. Iyo yemaitiro fomula ndeye [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3)m[OCH2CH(OH)CH3]n]x Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, aya ndiwo makuru emhando anoshandiswa zvakanyanya uye anotengeswa pamusika.
Panyaya yekunyungudika, inogona kukamurwa kuita ionic uye isiri-ionic. Mvura-inonyungudika isiri-ionic cellulose ethers inonyanya kuumbwa maviri akatevedzana ealkyl ethers uye hydroxyalkyl ethers. Ionic CMC inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira dhizaini, machira kudhinda uye dhayi, chikafu uye kuongorora mafuta. Non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC, nezvimwewo zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukuvaka zvinhu, latex coatings, mishonga, makemikari ezuva nezuva, etc. Inoshandiswa seyakasviba, mvura inochengetedza agent, stabilizer, dispersant uye film forming agent.
2. Kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether
Kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether: Mukugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekuvaka, kunyanya yakaoma poda dhaka, cellulose ether inoita basa risingadzoreki, kunyanya mukugadzirwa kwedhaka rakakosha (yakagadziridzwa dhaka), chinhu chakakosha uye chakakosha chikamu .
Basa rakakosha remvura-soluble cellulose ether mudhaka rinonyanya kuve nemativi matatu, imwe yakanakisa kuchengetedza mvura, imwe isimba pakuenderana uye thixotropy wedhaka, uye chechitatu ndiko kudyidzana nesamende. Kuchengetedzwa kwemvura kweselulosi ether kunoenderana nekutorwa kwemvura kwegadziko layer, kuumbwa kwedhaka, ukobvu hwedhaka redhaka, kudiwa kwemvura kwedhaka, uye nguva yekumisikidzwa kwechinhu chekugadzika. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe cellulose ether pachayo kunobva mukunyungudika uye kupera simba kweselulosi ether pachayo. Sezvo isu tose tinoziva, kunyange zvazvo cellulose molecular chain ine nhamba yakawanda yeakanyanya hydratable OH mapoka, haisi kunyunguduka mumvura, nokuti chimiro che cellulose chine hukuru hwekristallinity.
Kugona kwe hydration kwemapoka ehydroxyl chete hakuna kukwana kuvhara mabhondi akasimba ehydrogen uye van der Waals masimba pakati pemamorekuru. Naizvozvo, inongozvimba asi hainyungudika mumvura. Kana chinotsiva chinopinzwa mucheni yemamorekuru, kwete chete chinotsiva chinoparadza cheni yehydrogen, asiwo iyo interchain hydrogen bond inoparadzwa nekuda kwekuroora kweiyo inotsiva pakati pemaketani ari padyo. Iyo yakakura inotsiva, yakakura chinhambwe pakati pemamorekuru. Iyo yakakura chinhambwe. Iyo yakakura mhedzisiro yekuparadza hydrogen zvisungo, iyo cellulose ether inonyungudika mumvura mushure mekunge cellulose lattice ichiwedzera uye mhinduro inopinda, ichigadzira yakakwirira-viscosity mhinduro. Kana kutonhora kuchikwira, hydration yepolymer inopera, uye mvura pakati pemaketani inodzingwa kunze. Kana iyo dehydration effect yakakwana, mamorekuru anotanga kuungana, achigadzira matatu-dimensional network dhizaini gel uye akapetwa kunze.
Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka zvinosanganisira viscosity ye cellulose ether, huwandu hwakawedzerwa, kunaka kwezvimedu uye tembiricha yekushandisa.
Iyo yakakura viscosity ye cellulose ether, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura kuita. Viscosity chinhu chakakosha parameter yeMC performance. Parizvino, vagadziri vakasiyana veMC vanoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana uye zviridzwa kuyera viscosity yeMC. Nzira huru ndiHaake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde uye Brookfield. Pachigadzirwa chimwe chete, mhedzisiro yeviscosity yakayerwa nenzira dzakasiyana zvakasiyana kwazvo, uye mamwe anotopetwa kaviri misiyano. Naizvozvo, kana uchienzanisa viscosity, inofanirwa kuitwa pakati pedzimwe nzira dzekuyedza, kusanganisira tembiricha, rotor, nezvimwe.
Kazhinji kutaura, iyo yakakwirira viscosity, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura. Nekudaro, iyo yakakwira viscosity uye nekukwirira kwema molecular huremu hweMC, kuderera kunoenderana mukunyungudika kwayo kuchava nemhedzisiro yakaipa pakusimba uye kuita kwekuvaka kwedhaka. Iyo yakakwirira viscosity, iyo inonyanya kuoneka iyo thickening maitiro padhaka, asi haina kuenzana zvakananga. Iyo yakakwirira iyo viscosity, iyo yakanyanya viscous dhaka rakanyorova richava, ndiko kuti, panguva yekuvaka, inoratidzirwa sekunamatira kune scraper uye yakakwirira kunamatira kune substrate. Asi hazvibatsiri kuwedzera simba rekuumbwa kwevhu rakanyorova pacharo. Panguva yekuvaka, iyo anti-sag performance haisi pachena. Pane zvinopesana, imwe yepakati uye yakaderera viscosity asi yakagadziridzwa methyl cellulose ethers ine yakanakisa mashandiro mukuvandudza kusimba kwechimiro chedhaka rakanyorova.
Iyo yakawanda yakawanda ye cellulose ether yakawedzerwa kune dhaka, zviri nani kuchengetedza kwemvura kushanda, uye yakakwirira viscosity, zviri nani kuchengetedza mvura kushanda.
Nezve saizi yechidimbu, kutsetseka kwechikamu, kunova nani kuchengetedza kwemvura. Mushure mekunge zvimedu zvakakura zve cellulose ether zvasangana nemvura, nzvimbo yacho inonyungudika pakarepo uye inoita gel yekuputira zvinhu kudzivirira mamorekuru emvura kuti arambe achipinda. Dzimwe nguva haigone kuparadzirwa zvakafanana uye kunyungudutswa kunyangwe mushure menguva refu yekubvongodza, ichigadzira cloudy flocculent solution kana agglomeration. Inobata zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura ye cellulose ether, uye solubility chimwe chezvinhu zvekusarudza cellulose ether.
Fineness zvakare yakakosha kuita index yemethyl cellulose ether. Iyo MC inoshandiswa kune yakaoma poda dhaka inodiwa kuti ive hupfu, ine yakaderera mvura yemukati, uye kutsetseka kunodawo 20% ~ 60% yehukuru hwechikamu kuti ive isingasviki 63um. Iko kunaka kunokanganisa kunyungudika kwemethyl cellulose ether. Coarse MC inowanzoita granular, uye iri nyore kunyunguduka mumvura isina agglomeration, asi chiyero chekunyungudika chinononoka, saka haina kukodzera kushandiswa muvhu rakaoma dhaka. Mune yakaoma poda dhaka, MC inoparadzirwa pakati pezvinhu zvekusimbisa senge aggregate, yakanaka yekuzadza uye simende, uye chete yakanaka yakakwana poda inogona kudzivirira methyl cellulose ether agglomeration kana ichisanganiswa nemvura. Kana MC yawedzerwa nemvura kuti iparadze ma agglomerates, zvinonetsa kuparadzira nekunyungudutsa.
Coarse fineness yeMC haisi kungoparadza chete, asiwo inoderedza simba renzvimbo yedhaka. Kana dhaka rakaoma rakadaro rinoshandiswa munzvimbo yakakura, kukurumidza kukurumidza kwepoda yakaoma yepoda ichaderedzwa zvakanyanya, uye kuputika kuchaonekwa nekuda kwekusiyana kwekuporesa nguva. Kune iyo yakapfapfaidzwa dhaka ine mechanical kuvaka, chinodiwa chefineness chakakwira nekuda kwenguva pfupi yekusanganisa.
Iko kunaka kweMC zvakare kune imwe mhedzisiro pakuchengetedza kwayo mvura. Kazhinji, kune methyl cellulose ethers ine viscosity yakafanana asi kunaka kwakasiyana, pasi pemwero wekuwedzera mumwe chete, kukwenenzvera ndiko kunoita kuti mvura ichengetedze.
Kuchengetwa kwemvura kweMC kunobatanawo nekupisa kunoshandiswa, uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwemethyl cellulose ether kunodzikira nekuwedzera kwekushisa. Nekudaro, mumashandisirwo chaiwo emidziyo, yakaoma poda dhaka inowanzoiswa kune inopisa substrates patembiricha yakakwira (inodarika 40 madhigirii) munzvimbo dzakawanda, sekunze kwemadziro putty plastering pasi pezuva muzhizha, izvo zvinowanzo mhanyisa Kuporeswa kwesimende uye kuoma kwe. poda yakaoma dhaka. Kudzikira kwechiyero chekuchengetedza mvura kunotungamira kumanzwiro ari pachena ekuti zvese kushanda uye kutsemuka kuramba zvinokanganiswa, uye zvinonyanya kukosha kudzikisa pesvedzero yemamiriro ekushisa pasi peichi mamiriro.
Kunyange zvazvo methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether additives pari zvino inofungidzirwa kuti iri mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji, kuvimba kwavo nekupisa kucharamba kuchikonzera kupera simba kwekuita kwevhu rakaoma dhaka. Kunyangwe huwandu hwemethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose huchiwedzerwa (muchirimo fomula), kushanda uye kuramba kutsemuka hakugone kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekushandisa. Kuburikidza nekumwe kurapwa kwakakosha paMC, sekuwedzera dhigirii reetherification, nezvimwewo, iyo yekuchengeta mvura inogona kuchengetedzwa patembiricha yepamusoro, kuitira kuti igone kupa kushanda kuri nani pasi pemamiriro akaomarara.
3. Kukora uye thixotropy ye cellulose ether
Kuomesa uye thixotropy ye cellulose ether: Chechipiri basa re cellulose ether-kukora maitiro kunoenderana ne: dhigirii repolymerization ye cellulose ether, solution concentration, shear rate, tembiricha uye mamwe mamiriro. Iyo gelling midziyo yemushonga yakasarudzika kune alkyl cellulose uye yakagadziridzwa maderivatives. Iyo gelation zvivakwa zvine hukama neiyo dhigirii yekutsiva, kugadzirisa kugadzirisa uye zvinowedzera. Kune hydroxyalkyl yakagadziridzwa derivatives, iyo gel zvivakwa zvine hukamawo nedhigirii rekuchinja rehydroxyalkyl. Kune yakaderera viscosity MC uye HPMC, 10% -15% mhinduro inogona kugadzirirwa, yepakati viscosity MC uye HPMC inogona kugadzirirwa 5% -10% mhinduro, nepo yakakwirira viscosity MC uye HPMC inogona chete kugadzirira 2% -3% mhinduro, uye Kazhinji. iyo viscosity classification ye cellulose ether inoiswawo grade 1% -2% mhinduro.
High molecular weight cellulose ether ine high thickening kunyatsoita. Mune imwecheteyo yekugadzirisa mhinduro, mapolymer ane akasiyana ma molecular uremu ane akasiyana viscosities. High degree. Iyo inonangwa viscosity inogona kuwanikwa chete nekuwedzera yakawanda yakaderera molecular uremu cellulose ether. Viscosity yaro haina kutsamira pachiyero chekuveura, uye iyo yakakwira viscosity inosvika painotariswa viscosity, uye iyo inodiwa yekuwedzera mari idiki, uye viscosity zvinoenderana nekukora kwekuita. Naizvozvo, kuti uwane kumwe kuenderana, imwe chiyero che cellulose ether (concentration yemhinduro) uye mhinduro viscosity inofanira kuvimbiswa. Iyo tembiricha yegel yemushonga zvakare inodzikira mutsetse nekuwedzera kwekusangana kwemhinduro, uye gels pane tembiricha yekamuri mushure mekusvika kumwe kusungwa. Iyo gelling concentration yeHPMC yakakwira zvakanyanya pakamuri tembiricha.
Consistency inogonawo kugadziriswa nekusarudza particle size uye kusarudza cellulose ethers ane madhigirii akasiyana ekugadzirisa. Iyo inonzi shanduko ndeye kuunza imwe dhigirii yekutsiva yemapoka ehydroxyalkyl pane skeleton chimiro cheMC. Nekushandura hukama hwekutsinhanisa hunhu hwevaviri vanotsiva, kureva, iyo DS uye ms hama inotsiviwa tsika dzemethoxy uye hydroxyalkyl mapoka atinowanzo kutaura. Zvido zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushanda zve cellulose ether zvinogona kuwanikwa kuburikidza nekushandura hukama hunotsiviwa hwezviviri zvinotsiva.
Ukama huri pakati pekusagadzikana nekugadzirisa: kuwedzerwa kwe cellulose ether kunokanganisa kushandiswa kwemvura kwedhaka, kushandura mvura-binder ratio yemvura uye simenti ndiko kuwedzera kwekuita, iyo yakakwirira yeroji, iyo inowedzera kushandiswa kwemvura.
Cellulose ethers inoshandiswa muupfu zvivakwa zvekuvaka inofanirwa kunyungudika nekukurumidza mumvura inotonhora uye inopa kuenderana kwakakodzera kwehurongwa. Kana yakapihwa imwe shear rate, inoramba ichivhurika uye colloidal block, iri pasi pemhando kana yakashata mhando chigadzirwa.
Kune zvakare hukama hwakanaka hwemutsara pakati pekuenderana kwesamende paste uye dosi ye cellulose ether. Cellulose ether inogona kuwedzera zvakanyanya viscosity yedhaka. Iyo yakakura dosage, zvinonyanya kuoneka mugumisiro. High-viscosity cellulose ether aqueous solution ine high thixotropy, iyo iriwo hunhu hukuru hwe cellulose ether. Aqueous solutions yeMC polymers kazhinji ane pseudoplastic uye isiri-thixotropic fluidity pazasi petembiricha yavo yegel, asi Newtonian inoyerera zvivakwa pazasi shear mitengo. Pseudoplasticity inowedzera nehuremu hwemamorekuru kana kuungana kweselulosi ether, zvisinei nerudzi rwechinotsiva uye dhigirii rekutsiva. Nokudaro, cellulose ethers yegiredhi rimwechete viscosity, zvisinei MC, HPMC, HEMC, inogara ichiratidza zvakafanana rheological properties chero bedzi kusungirirwa uye kutonhora kuchichengetwa nguva dzose.
Magero ekugadzira anoumbwa kana tembiricha yakasimudzwa, uye yakanyanya thixotropic inoyerera inoitika. High concentration uye low viscosity cellulose ethers inoratidza thixotropy kunyange pasi pekushisa kwegel. Ichi chivakwa chinobatsira zvikuru kugadziridzwa kwemazinga uye kusagika mukuvaka dhaka rekuvaka. Zvinoda kutsanangurwa pano kuti kukwirisa viscosity ye cellulose ether, zviri nani kuchengetwa kwemvura, asi iyo yakakwira viscosity, iyo inokwira yakaenzana molecular uremu hwe cellulose ether, uye kuderera kunoenderana mukunyungudika kwayo, uko kune kukanganisa kwakashata. pamusoro pekugadzirisa kwedhaka uye kushanda kwekuvaka. Iyo yakakwirira viscosity, iyo inonyanya kuoneka iyo thickening maitiro padhaka, asi haina kuenzana zvachose. Imwe yepakati uye yakaderera viscosity, asi iyo yakagadziridzwa cellulose ether ine zvirinani kuita mukuvandudza simba rechimiro chedhaka rakanyorova. Nekuwedzera kwe viscosity, kuchengetwa kwemvura kwe cellulose ether kunovandudza.
4. Kunonoka kwe cellulose ether
Kunonoka kwe cellulose ether: Basa rechitatu re cellulose ether nderokunonotsa hydration process ye simenti. Cellulose ether inoisa dhaka nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatsira, uye zvakare inoderedza kupisa kwekutanga kwe hydration ye simenti uye kunonotsa hydration dynamic process ye simenti. Izvi hazvina kunaka pakushandiswa kwedhaka munzvimbo dzinotonhora. Uku kudzoreredza mhedzisiro kunokonzerwa nekushambadza kwe cellulose ether mamorekuru pane hydration zvigadzirwa seCSH uye ca(OH)2. Nekuda kwekuwedzera kweiyo viscosity yemushonga wepore, iyo cellulose ether inoderedza kufamba kweiyoni mumhinduro, nekudaro kunonoka hydration process.
Iyo yakanyanya kukwirisa iyo cellulose ether mumineral gel zvinhu, zvakanyanya kutaurwa mhedzisiro yekunonoka kwe hydration. Cellulose ether haingononotse kumisa, asiwo inononoka kuomeswa kwesimende mortar system. Iko kudzoreredza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether kunoenderana kwete chete nekuisa kwayo mumineral gel system, asiwo pane chimiro chemakemikari. Iyo yakakwirira dhigirii yemethylation yeHEMC, zviri nani kudzoreredza mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether. Chiyero che hydrophilic substitution kune mvura-inowedzera kutsiva Iyo yekudzosa mhedzisiro yakasimba. Nekudaro, iyo viscosity ye cellulose ether haina mhedzisiro pasimende hydration kinetics.
Nekuwedzera kwe cellulose ether content, nguva yekuisa dhaka inowedzera zvakanyanya. Pane yakanaka isina mutsara kuwirirana pakati pekutanga kugadzika nguva yedhaka uye zviri mukati cellulose ether, uye yakanaka mutsara kuwirirana pakati pekupedzisira kuseta nguva uye zviri mukati cellulose ether. Tinogona kudzora nguva yekushanda kwedhaka nekushandura huwandu hwe cellulose ether.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-22-2023