1. Maonero ekutanga eindasitiri:
Non-ionic cellulose ethers anosanganisira HPMC, HEC, MHEC, MC, HPC, nezvimwewo, uye anonyanya kushandiswa semafirimu ekugadzira, mabhainda, anoparadzira, anochengetedza mvura, makobvu, emulsifiers uye stabilizers, nezvimwewo, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya. muminda yakawanda yakadai semajasi, zvigadzirwa zvekuvaka, zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvemazuva ese, kuongorora mafuta uye gasi, mishonga, chikafu, machira, kugadzira mapepa, nezvimwewo, pakati peiyo mari yakawanda iri muminda yekupfeka uye zvekuvaka.
Ionic cellulose ethers inonyanya kuve CMC uye yakagadziridzwa chigadzirwa PAC. Kuenzaniswa ne-non-ionic cellulose ethers, ionic cellulose ethers ine urombo husina kusimba hwekushisa, kusagadzikana kwemunyu uye kugadzikana, uye kushanda kwavo kunokanganiswa zvikuru nenyika yekunze. Uye zviri nyore kuita neCa2 + iri mune mamwe machira uye zvinhu zvekuvaka kuti ibudise kunaya, saka haishandiswe zvishoma mumunda wezvivakwa zvekuvaka uye machira. Nekudaro, nekuda kwekunyungudika kwayo kwemvura kwakanaka, kukora, kusungirirana, kuumbwa kwemafirimu, kuchengetedza mwando uye kugadzikana kwekupararira, pamwe nehunyanzvi hwekugadzira tekinoroji uye mutengo wakaderera wekugadzira, inonyanya kushandiswa mukugezesa, mafuta uye gasi kuongorora uye Zvokudya zvinowedzera uye mimwe minda. .
2. Nhoroondo yekusimudzira maindasitiri:
① Nhoroondo yekuvandudza yeasiri-ionic cellulose ether indasitiri: Muna 1905, iyo etherification ye cellulose yakaonekwa kekutanga munyika, uchishandisa dimethyl sulfate uye alkali-yakazvimba cellulose yemethylation. Nonionic cellulose ethers yaive patented naLilienfeld muna 1912, uye Dreyfus (1914) naLeuchs (1920) vakawana mvura-inonyungudika uye nemafuta-inonyungudika cellulose ethers, zvichiteerana. Hubert akaita HEC muna 1920. Mukutanga kwema1920, carboxymethylcellulose yakatengeswa muGermany. Kubva 1937 kusvika 1938, United States yakaona kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kweMC neHEC. Mushure me1945, kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether kwakawedzera nekukurumidza muWestern Europe, United States neJapan. Mushure memakore anoda kusvika zana ebudiriro, non-ionic cellulose ether yave kemikari mbishi zvinhu zvinowanzoshandiswa munyika.
Pachine imwe mukaha pakati penyika dzichiri kusimukira nenyika dzakabudirira maererano nedanho rekugadzira uye zvigadzirwa zvekushandisa minda yeasiri-ionic cellulose ethers. Panyaya yehunyanzvi hwekugadzira, nyika dzakasimukira dzakaita seEurope, North America, neJapan dzine tekinoroji nehunyanzvi hwekuita, uye dzinonyanya kugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvakaita semajasi, chikafu, uye mishonga; nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzine kudiwa kukuru kweCMC neHPMC, uye tekinoroji yakaoma kugadzirwa kweselulosi ether zvigadzirwa zvine zvakaderera zvinodiwa ndiko kugadzirwa kukuru, uye munda wezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka ndiwo musika mukuru wevatengi.
Panyaya yeminda yekunyorera, nyika dzakasimukira dzakaita seEurope neUnited States dzakagadzira cheni yakakwana uye yakakura maindasitiri ezvigadzirwa zvavo zvecellulose ether nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita sekutanga uye simba rakasimba reR&D, uye kunyorera kwakadzika kunovhara minda yakawanda upfumi hwenyika; nepo nyika dzichiri kusimukira Nekuda kwenguva pfupi yebudiriro yeindasitiri ye cellulose ether, chiyero chekushandiswa idiki pane chenyika dzakabudirira. Nekudaro, nekuvandudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwedanho rekusimudzira hupfumi hwenyika dzichiri kusimukira, cheni yemaindasitiri inoita kunge yakwana, uye huwandu hwekushandisa hunoramba huchiwedzera.
②HEC indasitiri yekuvandudza nhoroondo: HEC yakakosha hydroxyalkyl cellulose uye mvura-inonyungudika cellulose ether ine vhoriyamu yakakura yekugadzira munyika.
Kushandiswa kwemvura ethylene oxide se etherification agent kugadzirira HEC yakagadzira nzira itsva yekugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether. Iyo yakakosha tekinoroji tekinoroji uye kugona kwekugadzira kwakanyanya kunangana nevagadziri vemakemikari makuru muEurope, America, Japan, uye South Korea. HEC munyika yangu yakatanga kugadzirwa muna 1977 neWuxi Chemical Research Institute uye Harbin Chemical No. Nekudaro, nekuda kwezvinhu zvakaita senge tekinoroji yekudzokera kumashure uye kusagadzikana kwemhando yechigadzirwa, yakatadza kuumba makwikwi anoshanda nevagadziri vepasi rese. Mumakore achangopfuura, vagadziri vepamba vakaita seYin Ying Zvitsva Zvitsva zvishoma nezvishoma vakaputsa zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi, maitiro akagadziridzwa ekugadzira, akagadzira hunyanzvi hwekugadzira zvigadzirwa zvemhando dzakagadzikana, uye zvakaverengerwa muchikamu chekutengwa nevagadziri vepasi, vachienderera mberi nekusimudzira maitiro edzimba. kutsiva.
3. Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekushanda uye nzira yekugadzirira ye-non-ionic cellulose ether:
(1) Zviratidzo zvikuru zvekushanda kwe-non-ionic cellulose ether: zviratidzo zvikuru zvekushanda kwe-non-ionic cellulose ether zvigadzirwa ndeye dhigirii yekutsiva uye viscosity, nezvimwewo.
(2) Non-ionic cellulose ether kugadzirira tekinoroji: Mukugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether, ese mbishi cellulose uye yakatanga kuumbwa cellulose ether zviri mumisanganiswa multiphase state. Nekuda kwekukurudzira nzira, chiyero chemidziyo uye chimiro chezvakagadzirwa, nezvimwewo, tichitaura, ma cellulose ether anowanikwa neasingaenzaniswi maitiro ese ane inhomogeneous, uye pane misiyano yenzvimbo, uwandu uye kuchena kwechigadzirwa chemapoka ether, ndiko kuti, akawanikwa. cellulose ethers ari pamaketani akasiyana-siyana e cellulose macromolecular, Nhamba uye kugoverwa kwezvinotsiva pamapoka akasiyana-siyana eglucose pane imwechete cellulose macromolecule uye C (2), C (3) uye C (6) pane imwe neimwe cellulose mhete boka zvakasiyana. Maitiro ekugadzirisa dambudziko rekusaenzana kutsiva ndiyo kiyi yekugadzirisa kutonga mukugadzirwa kwe cellulose ether.
Kupfupisa, kurapwa kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, alkalization, etherification, kuchenesa kugeza uye mamwe maitiro mukugadzirwa kweiyo isiri-ionic cellulose ether zvese zvine zvakakwirira zvinodikanwa zvekugadzirira tekinoroji, maitiro ekudzora uye zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira; panguva imwecheteyo, kugadzirwa kwakawanda kwezvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro zvinoda ruzivo rwakapfuma uye kugona kwesangano rekugadzira.
4. Ongororo yemamiriro ekushandiswa kwemusika:
Parizvino, HEC zvigadzirwa zvinonyanya kushandiswa muminda yekupfeka, makemikari ezuva nezuva uye kuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza, asi zvigadzirwa zvakadaro pachazvo zvinogona kushandiswawo mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda dzakadai sekudya, mishonga, mafuta uye gasi kuongorora; Zvigadzirwa zveMHEC zvinonyanya kushandiswa mumunda wezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka.
(1)Coating field:
Coating additives ndiyo inonyanya kukosha kushandiswa kweHEC zvigadzirwa. Kuenzaniswa nemamwe asiri-ionic cellulose ethers, HEC ine zvikomborero zvakajeka sekuwedzera kwekuputira: Kutanga, HEC ine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekuchengetedza, iyo inogona kubudirira kuvandudza kurwisa kwekuvhara ma enzymes ehupenyu pazvikamu zveglucose kuchengetedza viscosity kugadzikana, Iva nechokwadi chokuti kuvhara hakuzoiti. kuonekwa delamination mushure menguva yekuchengetedza; chechipiri, HEC ine solubility yakanaka, HEC inogona kunyungudutswa mumvura inopisa kana inotonhora, uye ine imwe nguva yekunonoka kwe hydration kana yakanyungudutswa mumvura inotonhora, uye haizokonzeri gel clustering , Good dispersibility uye solubility; Chechitatu, HEC ine ruvara rwakanaka rwekuvandudza uye zvakanaka miscibility nevakawanda vemavara, kuitira kuti pendi yakagadzirirwa ine kunaka kwemavara uye kugadzikana.
(2)Nzvimbo yezvishandiso zvekuvaka:
Kunyangwe HEC inogona kusangana nezvinodiwa zve cellulose ether additives mumunda wezvivakwa zvekuvaka, nekuda kwemutengo wayo wepamusoro wekugadzirira, uye izvo zvakaderera zvinodiwa zvechigadzirwa zvivakwa uye kushanda kwedhaka uye putty kana zvichienzaniswa nekupfeka, zvakajairika zvekuvaka zvinowanzo sarudza HPMC kana MHEC. seyo huru cellulose ether additives. Kuenzaniswa neHPMC, chimiro chemakemikari cheMHEC chine mamwe mapoka e-hydrophilic, saka inonyanya kugadzikana pakupisa kwepamusoro, ndiko kuti, ine kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekushisa. Pamusoro pezvo, zvichienzaniswa negiredhi rekuvaka HPMC, ine tembiricha yakakwira gel, uye kuchengetedza kwayo mvura uye kunamatira kune simba kana ichishandiswa munzvimbo dzekushisa.
(3)Zuva nezuva kemikari munda:
Iyo cellulose ethers inowanzoshandiswa mumakemikari ezuva nezuva ndeye CMC uye HEC. Kuenzaniswa neCMC, HEC ine zvimwe zvakanakira mukubatana, zvinonyungudutsa kuramba uye kugadzikana. Semuyenzaniso, CMC inogona kushandiswa seanonamira kune akajairwa makemikari emazuva ese zvigadzirwa pasina yakakosha inoshanda yekuwedzera formula. Nekudaro, anionic CMC inonzwa kune yakakwira-concentration ions, iyo inoderedza kuita kwekunamira kweCMC, uye kushandiswa kweCMC mune yakakosha kushanda kwezuva nezuva zvigadzirwa zvemakemikari zvishoma. Kushandisa HEC sebhainda rinowedzera kushanda kwebinder kurwisana ne-high-concentration ions, inovandudza zvikuru kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza kwemishonga yemazuva ose uye inowedzera nguva yekuchengetedza.
(4)Nzvimbo yekuchengetedzwa kwenharaunda:
Parizvino, HEC zvigadzirwa zvinonyanya kushandiswa mukunamira uye nemimwe minda yehuchi ceramic inotakura zvigadzirwa. Mutakuri wehuchi weceramic inotakura inonyanya kushandiswa mumagetsi mushure mekurapa ejini dzinopisa dzemukati senge mota nengarava, uye inoita basa rekupedza gasi kurapwa kuzadzisa zviyero zvekubuda.
5. Parizvino musika mamiriro kumba nekune dzimwe nyika:
(1)Mhedziso yemusika wepasi rose nonionic cellulose ether:
Kubva pamaonero epasi rose kugadzirwa kwesimba rekugovera, 43% yehuwandu hwepasi rose cellulose ether kugadzirwa muna 2018 yakabva kuAsia (China yakaverengera 79% yeAsia kugadzirwa), Western Europe yakaverengera 36%, uye North America yakaverengera 8%. Kubva pakuona kwepasi rose kudiwa kweselulosi ether, kushandiswa kwepasi rose kwe cellulose ether muna 2018 kunosvika miriyoni 1.1 matani. Kubva 2018 kusvika 2023, kushandiswa kwe cellulose ether kuchakura paavhareji yegore negore ye2,9%.
Inenge hafu yehuwandu hwepasi rose cellulose ether inoshandiswa ionic cellulose (inomiririrwa neCMC), iyo inonyanya kushandiswa mumishonga yekuchenesa, mafuta ekuwedzera uye zvokudya zvinowedzera; chinenge chikamu chimwe chete muzvitatu isiri-ionic methyl cellulose uye maderivatives ayo zvinhu (inomiririrwa neHPMC), uye yasara imwe-yechitanhatu ndeye hydroxyethyl cellulose uye zvinobva kwayo uye mamwe cellulose ethers. Kukura kwekuda kweasiri-ionic cellulose ethers kunonyanya kufambiswa nekushandiswa muminda yezvivakwa zvekuvaka, machira, chikafu, mushonga, uye makemikari ezuva nezuva. Kubva pamaonero ekugoverwa kwedunhu kwemusika wevatengi, musika weAsia ndiyo inokurumidza kukurumidza musika. Kubva 2014 kusvika 2019, chiyero chekukura kwepagore chekudiwa kwe cellulose ether muAsia chakasvika 8.24%. Pakati pavo, iyo inonyanya kudiwa muAsia inobva kuChina, inoverengera 23% yezvese zvinodiwa pasi rose.
(2)Mhedziso yemusika wepasi-ionic cellulose ether musika:
MuChina, ionic cellulose ethers inomiririrwa neCMC yakagadziridzwa kare, ichigadzira yakatokura kugadzirwa maitiro uye yakakura kugadzira. Zvinoenderana neiyo IHS data, vagadziri veChinese vakatora ingangoita hafu yepasi rose kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekutanga CMC zvigadzirwa. Kuvandudzwa kweiyo isiri-ionic cellulose ether yakatanga kunonoka munyika yangu, asi kukurumidza kwekusimudzira kunokurumidza.
Mushure memakore ebudiriro, musika weChina we-non-ionic cellulose ether wafambira mberi zvikuru. Muna 2021, iyo yakagadzirirwa kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvekuvaka-giredhi HPMC ichasvika 117,600 matani, iyo inobuda ichave 104,300 matani, uye huwandu hwekutengesa huchave 97,500 matani. Huru hwemaindasitiri huyero uye mabhenefiti enzvimbo akave neruzivo rwekutsiva mudzimba. Nekudaro, kune HEC zvigadzirwa, nekuda kwekunonoka kutanga kweR&D uye kugadzirwa munyika yangu, yakaoma kugadzirwa maitiro uye yakakwira zvipingamupinyi zvehunyanzvi, huwandu hwazvino hwekugadzira, kugadzira uye kutengesa vhoriyamu yeHEC zvigadzirwa zvepamba zvishoma. Nekudaro, mumakore achangopfuura, sezvo mabhizinesi epamba ari kuramba achiwedzera mari mukutsvaga nekusimudzira, kuvandudza nhanho yetekinoroji uye nekushingaira kukudziridza vatengi vakaderera, kugadzira uye kutengesa kwakakura nekukurumidza. Zvinoenderana nedata kubva kuChina Cellulose Indasitiri Association, muna 2021, mabhizinesi makuru epamba HEC (akasanganisirwa muindasitiri yemubatanidzwa nhamba, zvese-chinangwa) ane akagadzirwa ekugadzira matani zviuru gumi nezvipfumbamwe, kubuda kwematani zviuru gumi nezvitanhatu nemazana matatu, uye huwandu hwekutengesa hwegumi nematanhatu. matani. Pakati pavo, huwandu hwekugadzira hwakawedzera ne72.73% gore-ne-gore zvichienzaniswa ne2020, kubuda kwakawedzera ne43.41% gore-negore, uye huwandu hwekutengesa hwakawedzera ne40.60% gore negore.
Sekuwedzera, huwandu hwekutengesa hweHEC hunokanganiswa zvakanyanya nekudiwa kwemusika wepasi. Seyakanyanya kukosha nzvimbo yekushandisa yeHEC, iyo indasitiri yekupfekedza ine hukama hwakasimba hwakanaka neiyo HEC indasitiri maererano nekubuda uye kugoverwa kwemusika. Kubva pamaonero ekugoverwa kwemusika, musika weindastiri yekuputira unonyanya kugoverwa muJiangsu, Zhejiang neShanghai kuEast China, Guangdong muSouth China, kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwemahombekombe, uye Sichuan muSouthwest China. Pakati pavo, kugadzirwa kwekupotera muJiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai neFujian kwakaverengera 32%, uye kuSouth China neGuangdong kwakaverengera makumi maviri muzana. 5 pamusoro. Musika weHEC zvigadzirwa zvakare wakanyanya kunangana muJiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong neFujian. HEC parizvino inonyanya kushandiswa mukugadzira machira, asi yakakodzera marudzi ese emvura-yakavakirwa machira maererano neayo chigadzirwa hunhu.
Muna 2021, kuburitswa kwepagore kwemachira eChina kunotarisirwa kunge kuri matani 25.82 miriyoni, uye kubuda kwemachira ekuvaka uye maindasitiri machira achave 7.51 miriyoni matani uye 18.31 miriyoni matani zvakateerana6. Mvura-based coatings pari zvino inotora chikamu che90% chezvivakwa zvekuvaka, uye nezve accounting ye25%, inofungidzirwa kuti nyika yangu inogadzirwa pendi yemvura muna 2021 ichave inosvika 11.3365 miriyoni matani. Nechepfungwa, huwandu hweHEC hwakawedzerwa kumvura-based paints ndeye 0.1% kusvika 0.5%, inoverengwa paavhareji ye0.3%, tichifunga kuti pendi dzose dzemvura dzinoshandisa HEC sekuwedzera, kudiwa kwenyika kwependi-giredhi HEC inenge. 34,000 matani. Zvichienderana neyakajairwa pasi rose coating kugadzirwa kwematani 97.6 miriyoni muna 2020 (ayo ekuvaka anoisa 58.20% uye maindasitiri ejasi anoverengera 41.80%), kudiwa kwepasirese kwegiredhi rekuvhara HEC kunofungidzirwa kunge 184,000 matani.
Kupfupisa, pari zvino, chikamu chemusika chekuputira giredhi HEC yevagadziri vepamba muChina ichiri yakaderera, uye musika wepamusha unogarwa nevagadziri vepasi rese vanomiririrwa neAshland yeUnited States, uye kune nzvimbo hombe yekumba. kutsiva. Nekuvandudzwa kwemhando yezvigadzirwa zvemumba HEC uye nekuwedzera kwehuwandu hwekugadzira, ichaenderera mberi kukwikwidza nevagadziri vepasirese mundima yezasi inomiririrwa nemachira. Kutsiva mudzimba uye kukwikwidza kwemusika wepasirese kuchava nzira huru yekusimudzira yeindastiri iyi mune imwe nguva yenguva mune ramangwana.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-01-2023