Ndeapi marudzi e cellulose aripo?

1. Cellulose ether

Kuvaka giredhi cellulose ether inguva yakajairwa kune akatevedzana ezvigadzirwa zvinoumbwa nekuita kwealkali cellulose uye etherifying agent pasi pemamwe mamiriro. Alkali cellulose inotsiviwa nema etherifying agents akasiyana kuti awane akasiyana cellulose ether. Zvinoenderana neiyo ionization yezvinhu zvinotsiva, cellulose ethers inogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: ionic (senge carboxymethyl cellulose) uye isiri-ionic (senge methyl cellulose). Zvinoenderana nerudzi rweinotsiva, cellulose ether inogona kukamurwa kuita mono-ether (senge methyl cellulose) uye yakasanganiswa ether (senge hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). Maererano nekunyungudika kwakasiyana-siyana, inogona kukamurwa kuva inonyungudika mumvura (yakadai sehydroxyethyl cellulose) uye organic solvent-soluble (yakadai se ethyl cellulose), nezvimwewo. Dry-mixed mortar inonyanya kunyunguduka mumvura, uye mvura-soluble cellulose ndiyo. yakakamurwa kuva pakarepo mhando uye pamusoro kubatwa kunonoka kupera mhando.

Maitiro ekuita kwe cellulose ether mudhaka ndeaya anotevera:

1. Mushure mekunge cellulose ether mumatope yakanyungudutswa mumvura, kugovera kunobudirira uye kwakafanana kwesementitious zvinhu muhurongwa kunovimbiswa nekuda kwebasa repamusoro. Sechidziviriro colloid, cellulose ether "inoputira" zvimedu zvakasimba uye nekuzvisimbisa pamusoro pekunze. Gadzira firimu rekuzora, ita kuti sisitimu yevhu igadzikane, uye zvakare uvandudze kuyerera kwedhaka panguva yekusanganiswa uye kutsetseka kwekuvaka.
2. Nekuda kwechimiro chayo chemorekuru, iyo cellulose ether mhinduro inoita kuti mvura iri mudhaka isave nyore kurasikirwa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inoiburitsa kwenguva yakareba, ichipa dhaka nekuchengetedza mvura kwakanaka uye kushanda.

2. Methyl cellulose

Methylcellulose (MC) molecular formula [C6H7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3) n]x.

Mushure mekunge donje rakanatswa ragadziriswa nealkali, cellulose ether inogadzirwa kuburikidza neyakatevedzana maitiro ane methane chloride se etherification agent. Kazhinji, dhigirii rekutsiva i1.6 ~ 2.0, uye kunyungudika kwakasiyanawo nemadhigirii akasiyana ekutsiva. Iyo ndeye isiri-ionic cellulose ether.

1. Methylcellulose inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora, uye zvichave zvakaoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Mushonga wayo une aqueous wakanyatsogadzikana muhupamhi hwepH = 3 ~ 12. Iine kuwirirana kwakanaka ne starch, guar gum, nezvimwewo uye akawanda surfactants. Kana tembiricha inosvika tembiricha yegelation, gelation inoitika.
2. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwemethylcellulose kunoenderana nehuwandu hwayo hwekuwedzera, viscosity, particle fineness uye dissolution rate. Kazhinji, kana huwandu hwekuwedzera hwakakura, hunyoro hudiki, uye viscosity yakakura, mwero wekuchengetedza mvura wakakwira. Pakati pavo, huwandu hwekuwedzera hune simba guru pahuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura, uye chiyero che viscosity hachina kuenzana zvakananga nehuwandu hwekuchengetedza mvura. Mwero wekunyungudika unonyanya kuenderana nehuwandu hwekugadziriswa kwepasi kwe cellulose particles uye particle fineness. Pakati pema cellulose ethers ari pamusoro, methyl cellulose uye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose vane mwero wepamusoro wekuchengetedza mvura.
3. Kuchinja kwekushisa kunogona kukanganisa zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura yemethyl cellulose. Kazhinji, kukwirisa tembiricha, kunowedzera kuchengetedzeka kwemvura. Kana tembiricha yevhu ichipfuura 40 ° C, kuchengetwa kwemvura kwemethyl cellulose kuchaderedzwa zvakanyanya, kunokanganisa zvakanyanya kuvakwa kwedhaka.
4. Methylcellulose ine mhedzisiro yakakosha pakushanda uye kunamatira kwedhaka. “Kunamira” pano kunoreva simba rekunamira rinonzwikwa pakati pemudziyo wemudziyo wekushandisa nemadziro emadziro, ndiko kuti, kugerwa kwedhaka. Kunamatira kwakakwirira, kupikisa kweshear kwevhu kwakakura, uye simba rinodiwa nevashandi vari mukugadzirisa kushandiswa kwakakurawo, uye kushanda kwekuvaka kwedhaka kwakashata. Methyl cellulose adhesion iri pamwero wepakati mune cellulose ether zvigadzirwa.

3.Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Iyo molecular formula yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ndeye [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3) m, OCH2CH(OH)CH3] n]x

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imhando ye cellulose iyo kubuda kwayo uye kushandiswa kuri kuwedzera nekukurumidza. Iyo isiri-ionic cellulose yakasanganiswa ether yakagadzirwa kubva kudonje rakanatswa mushure me alkalization, uchishandisa propylene oxide uye methyl chloride se etherification agent, kuburikidza neakatevedzana maitiro. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 1.2 ~ 2.0. Zvimiro zvaro zvakasiyana nekuda kweiyo reshiyo yakasiyana yemethoxyl yemukati uye hydroxypropyl yemukati.

1. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inonyungudika nyore nyore mumvura inotonhora, asi ichasangana nekunetseka mukunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Asi tembiricha yayo yegelation mumvura inopisa yakanyanya kukwirira kupfuura yemethyl cellulose. Iyo solubility mumvura inotonhora zvakare yakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya kana ichienzaniswa nemethyl cellulose.
2. Iyo viscosity yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose inoenderana nehuremu hwayo hwemamorekuru, uye iyo yakakura huremu hwemamorekuru, inokwirisa viscosity. Kupisa kunokanganisawo viscosity yayo, sezvo tembiricha inowedzera, viscosity inoderera. Nekudaro, iyo yakakwira viscosity ine yakaderera tembiricha mhedzisiro pane methyl cellulose. Mushonga waro wakagadzikana kana wakachengetwa pakushambidzika kwekamuri.
3. Kuchengetwa kwemvura kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose kunoenderana nehuwandu hwayo hwekuwedzera, viscosity, nezvimwewo, uye chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura pachiyero chimwe chekuwedzera chakakwira kupfuura icho chemethyl cellulose.
4. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yakagadzikana kune acid uye alkali, uye mhinduro yayo ine aqueous yakagadzikana muhuwandu hwepH = 2 ~ 12. Caustic soda uye mvura yeraimu haina mhedzisiro pakuita kwayo, asi alkali inogona kukurumidzira kuparara kwayo uye kuwedzera viscosity yayo. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yakagadzikana kune yakajairwa munyu, asi kana kusanganiswa kwemunyu munyu kwakakwira, viscosity yehydroxypropyl methylcellulose mhinduro inowedzera kuwedzera.
5. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inogona kusanganiswa nemvura-inonyungudika polymer komisheni kuita yunifomu uye yakakwirira viscosity mhinduro. Zvakadai se polyvinyl doro, starch ether, muriwo gum, nezvimwe.
6. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ine nani enzyme kuramba kupfuura methylcellulose, uye mhinduro yayo kashoma kuderedzwa nema enzymes kupfuura methylcellulose.
7. Iko kunamatira kwehydroxypropyl methylcellulose pakuvakwa kwedhaka kwakakwira kupfuura iyo yemethyl cellulose.

4.Hydroxyethyl cellulose

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

Yakagadzirwa kubva mukotoni yakanatswa yakabatwa nealkali, uye yakaitwa ne ethylene oxide se etherification agent pamberi peacetone. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 1.5 ~ 2.0. Iyo ine yakasimba hydrophilicity uye iri nyore kutora unyoro.

1. Hydroxyethyl cellulose inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora, asi yakaoma kunyungudika mumvura inopisa. Mhinduro yaro yakagadzikana pakupisa kwepamusoro pasina gelling. Inogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba pasi pekushisa kwepamusoro mumatope, asi kuchengetedza kwayo mvura kwakaderera pane iyo yemethyl cellulose.
2. Hydroxyethyl cellulose yakagadzikana kune yakawanda asidhi uye alkali, uye alkali inogona kukurumidza kuparara kwayo uye zvishoma kuwedzera viscosity yayo. Kupararira kwayo mumvura kwakashata zvishoma kupfuura iyo yemethyl cellulose uye hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
3. Hydroxyethyl cellulose ine yakanaka anti-sag performance yedhaka, asi ine nguva yakareba yekudzosa simende.
4. Kuita kwehydroxyethyl cellulose inogadzirwa nemamwe mabhizinesi epamba zviri pachena kuti yakaderera pane iyo yemethyl cellulose nekuda kwehuwandu hwemvura uye yakakwira madota.

5.Carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)[C6H7O2(OH)2OCH2COONA] n

Ionic cellulose ether inogadzirwa kubva kune yakasikwa fibers (donje, nezvimwewo) mushure mekurapa kwealkali, uchishandisa sodium mono-chloroacetate se etherification agent, uye ichiitwa nhevedzano yemaitiro ekurapwa. Dhigirii rekutsiva kazhinji 0.4 ~ 1.4, uye kuita kwayo kunokanganisa zvakanyanya nedhigirii rekutsiva.

1. Carboxymethyl cellulose inowedzera hygroscopic, uye ichange iine mvura yakawanda kana yakachengetwa pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu.
2. Carboxymethyl cellulose aqueous solution haiburitse gel, uye viscosity inoderera nekuwedzera kwekushisa. Kana tembiricha inopfuura 50 ° C, viscosity haidzoreki.
3. Kugadzikana kwayo kunokanganisa zvakanyanya pH. Kazhinji, inogona kushandiswa mune gypsum-based mortar, asi kwete musimende-based mortar. Kana yakanyanya alkaline, inorasikirwa neviscosity.
4. Kuchengetedza kwayo mvura kwakadzikira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yemethyl cellulose. Iyo ine retading mhedzisiro pane gypsum-based mortar uye inoderedza simba rayo. Nekudaro, mutengo wecarboxymethyl cellulose wakadzikira zvakanyanya pane wemethyl cellulose.