Amashanyarazi yumye ni iki?

Kuma ivanze yumye ni minisiteri yatanzwe muburyo bwubucuruzi. Icyitwa minisiteri yubucuruzi ntigikora ibibanza kurubuga, ahubwo yibanda kubibabi muruganda. Ukurikije uburyo bwo gutanga no gutanga, minisiteri yubucuruzi irashobora kugabanywamo minisiteri ivanze (itose) na minisiteri yumye.

Ibisobanuro

1. Biteguye kuvangwa na minisiteri

Amashanyarazi avanze neza yerekana sima, umucanga, amazi, ivu ryisazi cyangwa ibindi bivangavanze, hamwe n’ibindi bivangwa, nibindi, bivangwa mukigero runaka muruganda, hanyuma bikajyanwa ahabigenewe n'ikamyo ivanga. Uruvange rwa minisiteri yarangiye munsi yimiterere. Mubisanzwe bizwi nka minisiteri ivanze.

2. Witegure neza

Ifu ivanze yumye bivuga ifu cyangwa imvange ya granular ikorwa nuwabikoze wabigize umwuga kandi ikavangwa na agregate nziza, ibikoresho bya sima organique, ibikoresho bya minerval,selile ethers, hamwe nibindi bivanga nyuma yo gukama no kwerekana mugipimo runaka. Ongeramo amazi hanyuma ukangure ukurikije amabwiriza kurubuga kugirango ukore imvange ya minisiteri. Uburyo bwo gupakira ibicuruzwa birashobora kuba byinshi cyangwa mumifuka. Amashanyarazi avanze yumye nayo yitwa amavuta yumye, ibikoresho byifu yumye, nibindi.

3. Ibisanzwe byumye-bivanga masonry mortar

Yerekeza kubiteguye-bivanze byumye-bivanze bya minisiteri ikoreshwa mumishinga yububiko;

4. Ibisanzwe byumye-bivanga bya pompe

Yerekeza kubiteguye-bivanze byumye-bivanze bya minisiteri ikoreshwa mubikorwa byo guhomesha;

5. Ubusanzwe bwumye-buvanze hasi

Yerekeza ku cyuma-kivanze cyumye-kivanze gikoreshwa mu kubaka ubutaka no hejuru (harimo hejuru yinzu no hejuru).

6. Bidasanzwe byumye byumye-bivanze

Yerekeza ku iyubakwa ryihariye no gushushanya ryumye-ivanze na minisiteri hamwe nibisabwa byihariye ku mikorere, minisiteri yo hanze yubushyuhe bwo gutwika amashanyarazi, kwishyiriraho ubutaka bwumye-buvanze, umukozi wa interineti, ahura na minisiteri, minisiteri itagira amazi, nibindi.

Ugereranije nuburyo gakondo bwo kwitegura, minisiteri yumye ivanze ifite ibyiza byinshi nkubuziranenge buhamye, ubwoko bwuzuye, umusaruro mwinshi, ubwiza buhebuje, imikorere myiza yubwubatsi, no gukoresha neza.

Ibyuma bivanze na minisiteri

Imashini ivanze yumye igabanijwemo ibyiciro bibiri: minisiteri isanzwe na minisiteri idasanzwe.

Amabuye asanzwe arimo: amabuye ya masonry, pompe ya pompe, minisiteri y'ubutaka, nibindi.;

Amabuye yihariye arimo: ibyuma bifata amatafari, ibikoresho byifu ya poro yumye, minisiteri yo hanze yubushyuhe bwumuriro, minisiteri yo kwisuzumisha, minisiteri itagira amazi, gusana minisiteri, imbere no hanze yinyuma, ibikoresho bya kawkingi, ibikoresho byo gusya, nibindi.

1 masonry

Masonry mortar Mortar yakoreshejwe kubumba amatafari, amabuye, amabuye nibindi bikoresho byo kubaka.

Amabati 2

Amabuye yo guhomesha minisiteri asabwa kugira imikorere myiza, kandi biroroshye guhomeka muburyo bumwe kandi buringaniye, bworoshye kubaka; igomba kandi kugira imbaraga zifatika zifatika, kandi igipande cya minisiteri kigomba guhuzwa neza hejuru yubutaka butavunitse cyangwa ngo kimeneke nyuma yo gukoresha igihe kirekire. Kugwa, guhomeka minisiteri birashobora kurinda inyubako nurukuta. Irashobora kurwanya isuri yinyubako kubidukikije bisanzwe nkumuyaga, imvura na shelegi, bigateza imbere inyubako, kandi bikagera ku ngaruka nziza, zisukuye kandi nziza.

Amatafari 3

Amatafari ya tile, azwi kandi nka tile glue, arashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza amabati yubutaka, amabati asize hamwe namabuye karemano nka granite. Ibikoresho byabugenewe byabugenewe birashobora Kandi ibihe bitandukanye bikabije byikirere (nkubushuhe, itandukaniro ryubushyuhe) kugirango bihuze imiterere idasanzwe.

Imigaragarire 4

Imigaragarire ya interineti, izwi kandi nkumukozi wo kuvura interineti, ntishobora guhuza gusa urwego shingiro, ariko kandi ubuso bwarwo bushobora guhuzwa neza nigiti gishya, kandi nikintu gifitanye isano ninzira ebyiri. Bitewe nubuso butandukanye bwimiterere ya substrate, nkibikoresho bikomeye byinjiza amazi, ibikoresho byoroheje byinjiza amazi, ibikoresho bidafite amazi, hamwe nubusabane biterwa no kugabanuka no kwaguka kwimyambaro ikurikiraho. ya substrate, bivamo kunanirwa kwinguzanyo, nibindi, Byombi bisaba gukoresha imiti ivura interineti kugirango yongere imbaraga zihuza ibikoresho byombi.

5 Minisiteri yo hanze

Amashanyarazi yo hanze yubushyuhe bwo hanze: akozwe mubintu bito byoroheje hamwe no gukomera gukomeye hamwe no guhangana cyane (nka polystirene ifuro ifuro cyangwa kwaguka kwa perlite, microbead vitrified, nibindi), hamwe na minisiteri yumye yo mu rwego rwo hejuru nka fibre, selile ether, na ifu ya latx. Inyongeramusaruro zivanze na minisiteri, kugirango minisiteri igire imikorere yubushyuhe bwumuriro, yubaka neza, irwanya guhangana nikirere, kandi byoroshye mubwubatsi, mubukungu kandi bufatika. polymer mortar. .

6 marike yo kwishyiriraho

Kwiyoroshya kwa minisiteri: iri kumurongo utaringaniye (nkubuso bugomba kuvugururwa, igipande cya minisiteri, nibindi), itanga ikibanza gikwiye cyo kuryamaho neza, cyoroshye kandi gihamye cyo kubaka ibikoresho bitandukanye. Nkibikoresho byiza byo kuringaniza amatapi, amagorofa yimbaho, PVC, amabati yubutaka, nibindi. Ndetse no mubice binini, birashobora kandi kubakwa neza.

Amabuye 7 adafite amazi

Nibintu bya sima bishingiye kumashanyarazi. Ibikoresho bitarimo amazi bigizwe ahanini na sima nuwuzuza. Irashobora kuba yujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa mumazi wongeyeho polymers, inyongeramusaruro, ibivanze cyangwa minisiteri yumye ivanze na sima idasanzwe. Ubu bwoko bwibikoresho byahindutse JS ikomatanya amazi adasukuye isoko.

8 gusana minisiteri

Amabuye amwe yo gusana akoreshwa mugusana imitako ya beto itarimo ibyuma kandi idafite umurimo wo gutwara imizigo kubwimpamvu zuburanga, kandi bimwe bikoreshwa mugusana ibyangiritse byikoreye imitwaro byuma byubatswe kugirango bikomeze kandi byongere gushyirwaho umutekano. n'imikorere. Igice cya sisitemu yo gusana beto, ikoreshwa mugusana no gusana ibiraro byumuhanda, parikingi, tunel, nibindi.

9 Shyira inkuta imbere n'inyuma

Putty ni urwego ruto rwo kuringaniza minisiteri, igabanijwemo igice kimwe n'ibice bibiri. Ibikoresho bifasha gusiga irangi ryubwubatsi, bikoreshwa hamwe n irangi rya latex.

Inkono 10

Ikitwa kandi grouting agent, ikoreshwa mukuzuza ibikoresho bihuriweho hagati yamatafari cyangwa amabuye karemano, gutanga ubuso bwiza nubusabane hagati yo kureba amabati, gukumira amazi, nibindi birinda ibikoresho fatizo byangiza ibyangiritse ningaruka mbi ziterwa no kwinjira mumazi.

11 ibikoresho byo gutaka

Ibikoresho bya sima bishingiye kuri sima hamwe ninshingano yo kwishyura kugabanuka, hamwe no kwaguka mikoro, kwaguka mikorobe bibaho mugice cya plastiki no gukomera kugirango bishyure kugabanuka. umubiri ukomeye. Amazi meza arashobora kuboneka mugipimo gito cyamazi-sima, ifitiye akamaro gusuka kubaka no gufata neza kubaka.

Isesengura ryibibazo bya minisiteri yumye

Kugeza ubu, minisiteri yumye ivanze iri murwego rwiterambere ryihuse. Ikoreshwa rya minisiteri ivanze irashobora kugabanya neza imikoreshereze yumutungo, kuzamura ireme ryumushinga, no kuzamura ibidukikije mumijyi. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, haracyari ibibazo byinshi byujuje ubuziranenge. Niba bidashyizwe mubikorwa, ibyiza byayo bizagabanuka cyane, cyangwa nibidatanga umusaruro. Gusa mugushimangira kugenzura ubuziranenge mubintu bitandukanye nkibikoresho fatizo, ibicuruzwa byarangiye, hamwe n’ahantu hubakwa, hashobora kubaho ibyiza n'imikorere ya minisiteri yumye ivanze.

Isesengura rusange

1 crack

Hariho ubwoko bune bwibisanzwe bikunze kugaragara: ibice bitaringaniye gutuzwa, ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, kumisha kugabanuka, hamwe no kugabanuka kwa plastike.

Gutura neza

Gutura kuringaniza kwibanze ahanini bivuga guturika guterwa no kugabanuka kwurukuta ubwabwo.

ubushyuhe

Ihinduka ry'ubushyuhe rizatera kwaguka k'ubushyuhe no kugabanuka kw'ibikoresho. Iyo ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe buterwa no guhindagurika kwubushyuhe mubihe bigoye ni binini bihagije, urukuta ruzabyara ubushyuhe.

kumisha kugabanuka

Kuma ibishishwa byumye byitwa gukama kugabanuka kugufi. Mugihe amazi yububoshyi nka beto ya gaze ya bisi hamwe nisazi yivu bigabanuka, ibikoresho bizabyara ihinduka ryinshi ryumye. Ibikoresho byo kugabanuka bizakomeza kwaguka nyuma yo gutose, kandi ibikoresho bizagabanuka kandi byongere guhinduka nyuma yo kubura umwuma.

kugabanuka kwa plastiki

Impamvu nyamukuru yo kugabanuka kwa plastike nuko mugihe gito nyuma ya minisiteri imaze guhomwa, guhangayika bigabanuka iyo ubuhehere bwagabanutse iyo buri muri plastiki. Iyo kugabanuka kugabanuka birenze imbaraga zifatika za minisiteri ubwayo, ibice bizagaragara hejuru yimiterere. Kugabanuka kwumye kwa plastike hejuru yubutaka bwa pompe bigira ingaruka kumwanya, ubushyuhe, ubushuhe bugereranije nigipimo cyo gufata amazi ya pompe ubwayo.

Byongeye kandi, uburangare mu gishushanyo mbonera, kunanirwa gushyiraho imirongo ya gride ukurikije ibisabwa bisobanuwe, ingamba zidahwitse zo kurwanya ruswa, ubuziranenge bw’ibikoresho, ubuziranenge bw’ubwubatsi, kutubahiriza amabwiriza agenga igishushanyo mbonera n’ubwubatsi, imbaraga z’ubukorikori butujuje ibyashizweho, no kubura y'uburambe nabwo Impamvu ikomeye itera gucikamo urukuta.

2 ubusa

Hariho impamvu enye zingenzi zitera umwobo: hejuru yurukuta rwibanze ntiruvurwa, urukuta ni rurerure cyane ku buryo rutahomwa kubera igihe kidahagije cyo kubungabunga, igipande kimwe cya plaque kiba kinini cyane, kandi ibikoresho byo guhomesha ntibikoreshwa nabi.

Uruzitiro rwibanze ntiruvurwa

Umukungugu wometse hejuru yurukuta, minisiteri isigaye hamwe nuwashinzwe kurekura mugihe cyo gusuka ntabwo byigeze bisukurwa, ubuso bwa beto yoroshye ntabwo bwashushanyijeho agent ya interineti cyangwa ngo butere kandi burasukuwe, kandi amazi ntiyigeze atose neza mbere yo guhomeka, nibindi. ., Bizatera Fenomenon.

Niba igihe cyo gufata neza urukuta kidahagije, irashaka guhomeka. Guhomesha bitangira mbere yuko urukuta ruhinduka rwose, kandi kugabanuka kwurwego rwibanze hamwe no guhomeka ntibihuye, bikavamo umwobo.

Igipande kimwe cya plaque cyane

Iyo uburinganire bwurukuta butari bwiza cyangwa hari inenge, nta kuvura mbere, kandi guhomesha bifuza gutsinda, kandi bikabaho icyarimwe. Igice cyo guhomesha ni kinini cyane, gitera guhangayika kugabanuka kurenza imbaraga zihuza za minisiteri, bikavamo umwobo.

Gukoresha nabi ibikoresho byo guhomesha

Imbaraga za pompe ya pompe ntabwo ihuye nimbaraga zurukuta rwibanze, kandi itandukaniro ryo kugabanuka ni nini cyane, niyindi mpamvu yo gutobora.

3 Umusenyi hejuru

Gutakaza umucanga hejuru biterwa ahanini nigice gito cyibikoresho bya sima ikoreshwa muri minisiteri, modulus nziza yumucanga iri hasi cyane, ibyondo birenze ibyari bisanzwe, imbaraga za minisiteri ntizihagije kugirango zitera umucanga, igipimo cyo gufata amazi ya minisiteri iri hasi cyane kandi gutakaza amazi birihuta cyane, kandi kubungabunga nyuma yubwubatsi ntabwo bihari. Cyangwa ntabubasha bwo gutera umucanga.

Gukuramo ifu 4

Impamvu nyamukuru nuko igipimo cyo gufata amazi ya minisiteri kitari hejuru, ituze rya buri kintu muri minisiteri ntabwo ari cyiza, kandi igipimo cyimvange yakoreshejwe ni kinini cyane. Bitewe no guswera no gutanga kalendari, ifu imwe ireremba hejuru igateranira hejuru, kuburyo imbaraga zubuso ziri hasi kandi uruhu rwa Powdery.