Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'abasubira inyuma?

Abadindiza ni inyongeramusaruro itinda gushiraho cyangwa gukomera kwa sima. Zikoreshwa mubikorwa bifatika aho gutinda gushiraho byifuzwa, nko mubihe bishyushye, cyangwa mugihe cyagutse cyo kuvanga cyangwa igihe cyo gushyira. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwabadindiza kuboneka, buriwese hamwe numutungo wihariye ninyungu. Hano hari ubwoko butandukanye bwabasubiza inyuma:

1. Acide Organic Acide: Acide organique nka citric, tartaric, na gluconic aside ikoreshwa cyane nka retarders mubikoresho bishingiye kuri sima. Bakora mugukora lime yubusa muri sima, bidindiza inzira ya hydration. Kurinda aside organique mubisanzwe ntabwo ari uburozi kandi bishobora kwangirika, bigatuma bahitamo ibidukikije.
2. Isukari: Isukari nka glucose, sucrose, na fructose irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nka retarders mubikoresho bishingiye kuri sima. Bakora muguhuza hejuru yubutaka bwa sima, bidindiza inzira yo kuyobora. Isukari isukari ikoreshwa kenshi hamwe nabandi basubira inyuma kugirango batange igihe cyagenwe.
3. Imyunyu ngugu: Umunyu udasanzwe nka borax, zinc sulfate, na sodium silikate ikoreshwa cyane nka retarders mubikoresho bishingiye kuri sima. Bakora mugukora firime yoroheje hejuru yubutaka bwa sima, bidindiza inzira yo kuyobora. Imyunyu ngugu idakoreshwa akenshi ikoreshwa hamwe na acide kama cyangwa isukari kugirango itange igihe gihamye kandi giteganijwe.
4. Lignosulfonates: Lignosulfonates ni polymers karemano ikomoka kumiti. Bikunze gukoreshwa nkibidindiza mubikoresho bishingiye kuri sima, kuko bikora bihambiriye hejuru yubutaka bwa sima kandi bigabanya umuvuduko wamazi. Lignosulfonate retarders muri rusange ikora neza muri sima-alumina nyinshi kuruta muri sima isanzwe ya Portland.
5. Hydroxycarboxylic Acide: Hydroxycarboxylic acide nka gluconic na acide citric ikunze gukoreshwa nkudindiza mubikoresho bishingiye kuri sima. Bakora mukunyunyuza karisiyumu yubusa muri sima, bidindiza inzira yo kuyobora. Hydroxycarboxylic retarders ikoreshwa kenshi ifatanije nabandi badindiza kugirango itange igihe gihamye kandi giteganijwe.
6. Polycarboxylate Ether (PCE) Superplasticizers: PCE superplasticizers isanzwe ikoreshwa nka retarders muri progaramu zifatika aho gutinda gushiraho igihe byifuzwa. Bakora mukwirakwiza ibice bya sima no kugabanya ubukana bwamazi hejuru yamazi, bidindiza inzira yo kuyobora. PCE idindiza ikoreshwa kenshi hamwe nizindi superplasticizers kugirango itange igihe gihamye kandi giteganijwe.

Mu gusoza, abadindiza ni ikintu cyingenzi cyibikoresho bishingiye kuri sima, kuko bitanga igihe cyagenwe cyagenwe kandi gishobora gufasha kunoza imikorere yibikoresho. Ubwoko bwa retarder bwakoreshejwe bizaterwa na progaramu yihariye nigihe cyo gushiraho, kimwe nibintu bya sima nibindi byongeweho byakoreshejwe. Muguhitamo ubwoko bukwiye bwa retarder, abashoramari naba injeniyeri barashobora kwemeza ko ibikoresho byabo bishingiye kuri sima bikomeye, biramba, kandi bikora neza mugihe.