Nibihe bikorwa nibisabwa mubikoresho bitandukanye muri gypsumu ishingiye ku kwipimisha?

(1) Gypsumu

Ukurikije ibikoresho fatizo byakoreshejwe, bigabanijwemo ubwoko bwa II anhydrite na gypsumu α-hemihydrate. Ibikoresho bakoresha ni:

① Ubwoko bwa II anhydrous gypsum

Gypsum ibonerana cyangwa alabaster ifite urwego rwohejuru kandi yoroshye igomba guhitamo. Ubushyuhe bwo kubara buri hagati ya 650 na 800 ° C, kandi hydration ikorwa mugikorwa cya activate.

Gypsum hemihydrate

-Ikoranabuhanga ribyara umusaruro wa gypsumu ya hemihydrate ikubiyemo ahanini uburyo bwo guhindura bwumye hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura amazi cyane cyane guhuza umwuma no gukama.

(2) Isima

Mugihe utegura gypsumu yo kwisuzumisha, umubare muto wa sima urashobora kongerwamo, nibikorwa byingenzi ni:

Gutanga ibidukikije bya alkaline kubintu bimwe bivangwa;

Kunoza coefficente yoroheje ya gypsumu yumubiri ukomeye;

Kunoza amazi meza;

Guhindura igihe cyo gushiraho ubwoko Ⅱ anhydrous gypsum yo-kuringaniza gypsumu.

Isima yakoreshejwe ni 42.5R Portland sima. Mugihe utegura gypsumu yamabara yo kwisiga, sima yera ya Portland irashobora gukoreshwa. Umubare wa sima wongeyeho ntiwemerewe kurenga 15%.

(3) Gushiraho igihe cyo kugenzura igihe

Mu kwipimisha gypsum mortar, niba hakoreshejwe ubwoko bwa II anhydrous gypsum, hagomba gukoreshwa umuvuduko wihuta, kandi niba -hemihydrate gypsum ikoreshwa, hagomba gukoreshwa retarder igenamigambi.

Ag Coagulant: Igizwe na sulfate zitandukanye hamwe n'umunyu wazo ebyiri, nka calcium sulfate, sulfate ya amonium, sulfate ya potasiyumu, sodium sulfate hamwe na alum zitandukanye, nka alum (potassium sulfate ya aluminium), alum itukura (potassium dichromate), bile alum ( sulfate y'umuringa), n'ibindi:

EtUmuyobozi:

Acide Citric cyangwa trisodium citrate ni gypsum retarder. Irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi, ifite ingaruka zigaragara zo kudindiza nigiciro gito, ariko bizanagabanya imbaraga zumubiri wa gypsumu. Abandi barinda gypsumu ishobora gukoreshwa harimo: kole, kole ya kole, ibisigazwa bya krahisi, aside tannic, aside tartaric, nibindi.

(4) Umukozi ugabanya amazi

Amazi ya gypsumu yo kwisuzumisha nikibazo cyingenzi. Kugirango ubone gypsum slurry ifite amazi meza, kongera amazi yonyine byonyine bizabura byanze bikunze kugabanuka kwimbaraga zumubiri ukomantaye, ndetse no kuva amaraso, bizatuma ubuso bworoshye, butakaza ifu, kandi ntibushobora gukoreshwa. Kubwibyo, kugabanya amazi ya gypsumu bigomba gushyirwaho kugirango byongere amazi ya gypsum. Superplasticizers ikwiranye nogutegura gypsumu yo kwisuzumisha harimo na naphthalene ishingiye kuri superplasticizers, polycarboxylate ikora neza cyane superplasticizers, nibindi.

(5) Umukozi wo kubika amazi

Iyo gypsum yo kwisuzumisha ubwayo iringaniza, amazi ya slurry aragabanuka kubera kwinjiza amazi yibanze. Kugirango ubone uburyo bwiza bwo kwishyiriraho gypsum slurry, usibye ubwinshi bwayo bwujuje ibisabwa, ibishishwa bigomba no kugira amazi meza. Kandi kubera ubwiza nuburemere bwihariye bwa gypsumu na sima mubikoresho fatizo bitandukanye cyane, gusebanya bikunda gusibanganya mugihe cyo gutembera no gukomera gukomeye. Kugirango wirinde ibintu byavuzwe haruguru, birakenewe kongeramo amazi make agumana amazi. Ibikoresho bigumana amazi muri rusange bikoresha ibintu bya selile, nka methyl selile, hydroxyethyl selulose na carboxypropyl selile.

(6) polymer

Kunoza abrasion, kumeneka no kurwanya amazi yibikoresho byo kuringaniza ukoresheje polymers redispersible

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(8) uwuzuza

Ikoreshwa mukwirinda gutandukanya ibice-byo-kuringaniza ibintu kugirango ugire amazi meza. Ibyuzuzo bishobora gukoreshwa, nka dolomite, karubone ya calcium, ivu ryisazi yubutaka, icyuma kizimya amazi yubutaka, umucanga mwiza, nibindi.

(9) Igiteranyo cyiza

Intego yo kongeramo igiteranyo cyiza ni ukugabanya kugabanuka kwumye kwa gypsumu yikomye umubiri wikomye, kongera imbaraga zo hejuru no kwambara birwanya umubiri ukomantaye, kandi muri rusange ukoresha umucanga wa quartz.

Nibihe bintu bisabwa kugirango gypsumu yipime uburinganire?

Gypsum yo mu bwoko bwa hemihydrate yabonetse mukubara gypsumu yo mu cyiciro cya mbere ya dihydrate ifite ubuziranenge burenga 90% cyangwa gypsumu yo mu bwoko bwa α-hemihydrate yabonetse hakoreshejwe autoclaving cyangwa hydrothermal synthesis.

Kwivanga gufatika: ibikoresho byo kwipimisha birashobora gukoresha ivu ryisazi, ifu ya slag, nibindi nkibivangwa bikora, ikigamijwe nukuzamura ibice byurwego rwibintu no kunoza imikorere yumubiri ukomantaye. Ifu ya Slag ihura na hydratiya mubidukikije bya alkaline, ishobora kunonosora imbaraga hanyuma imbaraga zimiterere yibintu.

Imbaraga-zambere ibikoresho bya simaitima: Kugirango tumenye igihe cyubwubatsi, ibikoresho byo kwipimisha bifite ibyo bisabwa kugirango imbaraga zambere (cyane cyane 24h flexural and compressive strength). Sima ya sulphoaluminate ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byambere-sima. Sima ya sulphoaluminate ifite umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nimbaraga zo hambere, zishobora kuzuza ibisabwa imbaraga zambere yibikoresho.

Umukoresha wa alkaline: Gypsum compte cimentitifike ifite imbaraga zumye zuzuye cyane mubihe bya alkaline. Quimlime na 32.5 sima irashobora gukoreshwa muguhindura agaciro ka pH kugirango itange ibidukikije bya alkaline kugirango hydrated yibintu bya sima.

Coagulant: Igenamiterere ryigihe nigikorwa cyingenzi cyibikorwa byo kuringaniza ibikoresho. Igihe gito cyane cyangwa kirekire cyane ntabwo gifasha kubaka. Coagulant itera ibikorwa bya gypsumu, yihutisha umuvuduko mwinshi wa hrstallisation ya dihydrate gypsum, igabanya igihe cyagenwe, kandi igakomeza gushiraho no gukomera kwibikoresho byo kwipimisha murwego rushimishije.

Umukozi ugabanya amazi: Kugirango tunonosore imbaraga nimbaraga zibikoresho byo kwipimisha, birakenewe kugabanya igipimo cyamazi. Muburyo bwo gukomeza gutembera neza kwibikoresho byo kuringaniza, birakenewe kongeramo ibintu bigabanya amazi. Kugabanya amazi ashingiye kuri naphthalene, kandi uburyo bwayo bwo kugabanya amazi ni uko itsinda rya sulfonate muri molekile igabanya amazi ya naphthalene na molekile y’amazi bifitanye isano n’imigozi ya hydrogène, bigakora firime ihamye y’amazi hejuru y’ubutaka. ibikoresho, byoroshye kubyara amazi hagati yibintu bifatika. Kunyerera, bityo kugabanya urugero rwo kuvanga amazi asabwa no kunoza imiterere yumubiri ukomye wibikoresho.

Ibikoresho bigumana amazi: ibikoresho byo kwipimisha byubatswe hasi, kandi ubwubatsi bwubatswe ni buke, kandi amazi yakirwa byoroshye nubutaka, bigatuma amazi adahagije yibikoresho, akavunika hejuru, kandi bikagabanuka imbaraga. Muri iki kizamini, methyl selulose (MC) yatoranijwe nkibikoresho bigumana amazi. MC ifite amazi meza, kubika amazi hamwe no gukora firime, kugirango ibikoresho byo kwipimisha bitavamo amaraso kandi byuzuye neza.

Ifu ya redispersible latex (nyuma yiswe ifu ya latex): ifu ya latex irashobora kongera modulus ya elastike yibikoresho byo kwipimisha, kunoza imishwaro, gukomera hamwe no kurwanya amazi.

Defoamer: Defoamer irashobora kunoza imiterere igaragara yibikoresho byo kwipimisha, kugabanya ibibyimba mugihe ibintu byakozwe, kandi bigira ingaruka runaka mukuzamura imbaraga zibintu.