Amazi ashonga ya selulose ether ikomoka

Uburyo bwo guhuzagurika, inzira n'inzira z'ubwoko butandukanye bwo guhuza ibintu hamwe na selile-ere-selile selile. Muguhinduranya guhuza, ubwiza, imiterere ya rheologiya, solubile hamwe nubukanishi bwamazi ya elegitoronike ya selile yamashanyarazi arashobora kunozwa cyane, kugirango azamure imikorere yayo. Ukurikije imiterere yimiti nimiterere yabantu batandukanye, ubwoko bwa selulose ether crosslinking modifisation ya reaction yahinduwe muri make, hanyuma icyerekezo cyiterambere cyamahuriro atandukanye mubice bitandukanye byakoreshwaga muri selile ya ether. Urebye imikorere myiza ya selulose ether-amazi ya elegitoronike yahinduwe no guhuzagurika hamwe nubushakashatsi buke mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yacyo, guhindura ejo hazaza hahinduwe na selile ya selile ifite amahirwe menshi yiterambere. Ibi nibisobanuro byabashakashatsi bireba ninganda zitanga umusaruro.
Amagambo shingiro: guhuza guhuza; Cellulose ether; Imiterere ya shimi; Gukemura; Imikorere yo gusaba

Cellulose ether kubera imikorere yayo myiza, nkumubyimba, umukozi wo kubika amazi, gufatira, guhuza no gutatanya, kurinda colloid, stabilisateur, agent uhagarika, emulifier na agent ikora firime, ikoreshwa cyane mugutwikira, kubaka, peteroli, imiti ya buri munsi, ibiryo, ibiryo n'ubuvuzi n'izindi nganda. Cellulose ether ikubiyemo methyl selulose,hydroxyethyl selulose,carboxymethyl selulose, Ethyl selulose, hydroxypropyl methyl selulose, hydroxyethyl methyl selulose nubundi bwoko bwa ether ivanze. Ether ya selile ikozwe muri fibre ya fibre cyangwa fibre yibiti ukoresheje alkalisation, etherification, gukaraba centrifugation, kumisha, gusya byateguwe, gukoresha imiti ya etherification muri rusange ikoresha alkogène alkane cyangwa epoxy alkane.
Nyamara, mugikorwa cyo gukoresha amazi ya elegitoronike ya elegitoronike, ibishoboka bizahura nibidukikije bidasanzwe, nkubushyuhe bwo hejuru nubushyuhe buke, ibidukikije-bishingiye kuri aside, ibidukikije bigoye bya ionic, ibi bidukikije bizatera umubyimba, gukomera, kubika amazi, gufatira hamwe, gufatira hamwe, guhagarikwa bihamye hamwe na emulisiyasi ya selulose yamazi ya elegitoronike bigira ingaruka cyane, ndetse biganisha no gutakaza burundu imikorere yayo.
Kugirango tunoze imikorere yimikorere ya selulose ether, birakenewe gukora imiti ihuza imiti, ukoresheje ibintu bitandukanye bihuza, imikorere yibicuruzwa iratandukanye. Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe muburyo butandukanye bwibintu byuzuzanya hamwe nuburyo bwabo bwo guhuza, bifatanije nubuhanga bwo guhuza ibikorwa mubikorwa byo gutunganya inganda, iyi nyandiko iraganira ku guhuza ether ya selile hamwe nubwoko butandukanye bwibikoresho bihuza, bitanga ibisobanuro byerekeranye no guhindura imiyoboro ya selile. .

1.Imiterere no guhuza ihame rya selile ether

Cellulose etherni ubwoko bwa selulose ikomoka, ikomatanyirizwa hamwe na ether yo gusimbuza reaction ya matsinda atatu ya hydroxyl ya alcool kuri molekile karemano ya selile na halogene ya alkane cyangwa epoxide alkane. Bitewe no gutandukanya insimburangingo, imiterere nimiterere ya selile ether iratandukanye. Imyitwarire ihuza selile ya etulifike cyane cyane irimo etherification cyangwa esterifike ya -OH (OH kumpeta ya glucose cyangwa -OH kumasimburano cyangwa carboxyl kumusimbura) hamwe numukozi uhuza hamwe na binary cyangwa amatsinda menshi akora, kuburyo abiri cyangwa selekile nyinshi ya ether molekules ihujwe hamwe kugirango ikore imiyoboro myinshi itandukanye. Nibyo guhuza selile ya ether.
Muri rusange, selile ether hamwe na agent ihuza ibisubizo byamazi arimo byinshi -OH nka HEC, HPMC, HEMC, MC na CMC birashobora kuba etherifike cyangwa esterified. Kuberako CMC irimo ion ya acide karubike, amatsinda akora mumikorere ihuza abantu arashobora kugereranywa hamwe na ion ya acide karubike.
Nyuma yo kwitwara -OH cyangwa -COO- muri molekile ya selile ya ether hamwe na agent ihuza, kubera kugabanuka kwibiri mumatsinda ashonga amazi no gushiraho imiterere y'urusobekerane rwinshi muburyo bwo gukemura, gukemura kwayo, rheologiya hamwe nubukanishi Byahinduwe. Ukoresheje ibintu bitandukanye bihuza kugirango ukore na selile ether, imikorere ya selile ya selile izanozwa. Cellulose ether ikwiriye gukoreshwa mu nganda yarateguwe.

2. Ubwoko bwibikoresho bihuza

2.1 Ibikoresho bya Aldehydes
Imiti ihuza Aldehyde yerekeza ku binyabuzima birimo itsinda rya aldehyde (-CHO), ikora imiti kandi ishobora gukora hamwe na hydroxyl, ammonia, amide nibindi bintu. Imiti ya Aldehyde ikoreshwa muri selile na ibiyikomokaho harimo fordehide, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, glyceraldehyde, nibindi. Ethers isanzwe ya selile yahinduwe na aldehydes ihuza imiyoboro ni HEC, HPMC, HEMC, MC, CMC nizindi selile zo mumazi.
Itsinda rimwe rya aldehyde rihujwe nitsinda rya hydroxyl ebyiri kumurongo wa selile ya ether ya selile, na molekile ya selile ya selile ihujwe no gukora acetal, ikora imiterere yumurongo, kugirango ihindure imbaraga zayo. Bitewe nubusa -OH reaction hagati ya aldehyde ihuza imiti na selile ether, ubwinshi bwamatsinda ya hydrophilique ya molekile buragabanuka, bikaviramo amazi mabi kubicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, mugucunga ingano ya agent ihuza, guhuza bitagabanije bya selile ya selile birashobora gutinza igihe cyamazi kandi bikabuza ibicuruzwa gushonga vuba mugisubizo cyamazi, bikavamo agglomeration.
Ingaruka ya aldehyde ihuza selile ya selile muri rusange biterwa nubunini bwa aldehyde, pH, uburinganire bwimikorere ihuza, igihe cyo guhuza, nubushyuhe. Ubushyuhe bukabije cyangwa buke cyane guhuza ubushyuhe hamwe na pH bizatera guhuza bidasubirwaho bitewe na hemiacetal muri acetal, bizatera selile ether idashobora gushonga mumazi. Ingano ya aldehyde hamwe nuburinganire bwimikorere ihuza bigira ingaruka itaziguye kurwego rwa selile ya ether.
Formaldehyde ntabwo ikoreshwa cyane muguhuza selile ya selile kubera uburozi bwayo bwinshi hamwe n’umuvuduko mwinshi. Mubihe byashize, formaldehyde yakoreshwaga cyane mubijyanye no gutwikira, gufatisha, imyenda, none isimburwa buhoro buhoro nuburozi buke butari forme ya forode. Ingaruka ihuza glutaraldehyde iruta iya glyoxal, ariko ifite impumuro ikomeye, kandi igiciro cya glutaraldehyde kiri hejuru. Muri rusange, mu nganda, glyoxal ikoreshwa muguhuza amazi-soluble selulose ether kugirango yongere umusaruro wibicuruzwa. Mubisanzwe mubushyuhe bwicyumba, pH 5 ~ 7 imiterere ya acide irashobora gukorwa muburyo bwo guhuza ibitekerezo. Nyuma yo guhuzagurika, igihe cyo kuvomerera hamwe nigihe cyogutwara igihe cya selile ether kizaba kirekire, kandi agglomeration phenomenon izacika intege. Ugereranije nibicuruzwa bidahuza, solubose ya selulose ether nibyiza, kandi nta bicuruzwa bitavanze mubisubizo, bifasha mubikorwa byinganda. Igihe Zhang Shuangjian yategura hydroxypropyl methyl selulose, agent ihuza glyoxal yatewe mbere yo gukama kugirango ibone hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ihita ikwirakwizwa 100%, idafatanye hamwe mugihe cyo gushonga kandi ikagira gutatanya vuba no gusesa, byakemuye bunding mubikorwa bifatika. gusaba no kwagura porogaramu.
Muburyo bwa alkaline, inzira ihindagurika yo gukora acetal izacika, igihe cyo kugemurira ibicuruzwa kizagabanuka, kandi ibiranga iseswa rya selile ya ether itiriwe ihuza bizagaruka. Mugihe cyo gutegura no gutanga umusaruro wa selile ya selile, reaction yo guhuza aldehydes ikorwa nyuma yuburyo bwa reaction ya etheration, haba mugice cyamazi cyogukaraba cyangwa mugice gikomeye nyuma ya centrifugation. Mubisanzwe, mugikorwa cyo gukaraba, guhuza reaction guhuza ni byiza, ariko ingaruka zo guhuza ni mbi. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, kubera ubushobozi bwibikoresho byubwubatsi bigarukira, guhuza kwambukiranya icyiciro gikomeye birakennye, ariko ingaruka zo guhuza ni nziza cyane kandi umubare wibikoresho byakoreshejwe ni muto.
Aldehydes ihuza imiyoboro yahinduye amazi ya elegitoronike ya selile, kandi usibye kunonosora imbaraga zayo, hari na raporo zishobora gukoreshwa mugutezimbere imiterere yubukanishi, ubwiza bwimitsi nibindi bintu. Kurugero, Peng Zhang yakoresheje glyoxal kugirango ahuze na HEC, anashakisha ingaruka ziterwa no guhuza abakozi, guhuza pH hamwe nubushyuhe bwo guhuza imbaraga ku mbaraga zitose za HEC. Ibisubizo byerekana ko muburyo bwiza bwo guhuza, imbaraga zitose za fibre ya HEC nyuma yo guhuza ziyongereyeho 41.5%, kandi imikorere yayo iratera imbere kuburyo bugaragara. Zhang Jin yakoresheje amazi ya elegitoronike ya fenolike, glutaraldehyde na trichloroacetaldehyde kugirango ahuze CMC. Mugereranije imiterere, igisubizo cyibisubizo byamazi ya fenolike resin ihujwe na CMC yagabanutseho ubukonje buke nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwinshi, ni ukuvuga kurwanya ubushyuhe bwiza.
2.2 Acide Carboxylic aside ihuza ibintu
Acide Carboxylic aside ihuza ibice bivangwa na aside ya polyikarubike, cyane cyane aside aside, aside malike, aside tartaric, aside citric nandi acide binary cyangwa polyakarubike. Carboxylic aside crosslinkers yakoreshejwe bwa mbere muguhuza fibre yimyenda kugirango irusheho kugenda neza. Uburyo bwo guhuzagurika nuburyo bukurikira: itsinda rya carboxyl ryitwara hamwe nitsinda rya hydroxyl ya molekile ya selile kugirango itange esterified crosslinked selulose ether. Welch na Yang n'abandi. babaye abambere kwiga uburyo bwo guhuza aside ya karubasi ya acide. Inzira yo guhuza ibintu yari iteye itya: mubihe bimwe na bimwe, amatsinda abiri yegeranye ya acide karubasi ya acide ya karubasi ya acide ya karubasi yabanje kubura umwuma kugirango habeho anhydride ya cyclic, hanyuma anhydride ifata hamwe na OH muri molekile ya selile ikora ether ya selile ya selile hamwe nurwego rwumwanya.
Carboxylic acide ihuza ibintu muri rusange ikora na selile ether irimo hydroxyl. Kubera ko aside irike ya karubiyike ihuza amazi kandi idafite uburozi, yakoreshejwe cyane mubushakashatsi bwibiti, ibinyamisogwe, chitosani na selile mu myaka yashize.
Ibikomoka hamwe nibindi bisanzwe bya polymer esterification ihuza guhuza, kugirango tunoze imikorere yumurima wabyo.
Hu Hanchang n'abandi. yakoresheje sodium hypophosphite catisale kugirango yemere acide enye za polyakarubisike zifite aside itandukanye: Acide Propane tricarboxylic aside (PCA), 1,2,3, 4-butane tetracarboxylic aside (BTCA), cis-CPTA, cis-CHHA (Cis-ChHA) yakoreshejwe kurangiza imyenda. Ibisubizo byerekanaga ko imiterere yumuzingi wa acide polycarboxylic irangiza imyenda ifite ipamba ifite imikorere myiza yo gukira. Molekile ya acide polycarboxylic irashobora kuba ingirakamaro ihuza ibintu kubera gukomera kwayo ningaruka nziza yo guhuza kuruta molekile ya acide karubike.
Wang Jiwei n'abandi. yakoresheje aside ivanze ya acide citric na anhydride ya acetike kugirango ikore esterification hamwe no guhuza ibinyamisogwe. Mugupima imiterere yikemurwa ryamazi no gukorera mu mucyo, bashoje bavuga ko ibinyamisogwe byuzuzanya bifite imiterere ihamye yo gukonjesha, gukorera mu mucyo no gukonjesha neza kwinshi kuruta ubushyuhe.
Amatsinda ya aside ya Carboxylic arashobora kunonosora imbaraga zayo, ibinyabuzima byangiza umubiri hamwe nubukanishi nyuma ya esterification crosslinking reaction hamwe na -OH ikora muri polymers zitandukanye, hamwe na acide karubasi ya acide ifite uburozi cyangwa uburozi buke, bufite ibyiringiro byinshi byo guhuza amazi- soluble selulose ether murwego rwibiribwa, urwego rwa farumasi nimirima yo gutwikira.
2.3 Epoxy compound compound crosslinking agent
Epoxy crosslinking agent ikubiyemo amatsinda abiri cyangwa menshi ya epoxy, cyangwa ibice bya epoxy birimo amatsinda akora. Mubikorwa bya catalizator, amatsinda ya epoxy hamwe nitsinda ryimikorere yitwara hamwe na -OH mubice kama kugirango bibyare macromolecules hamwe numuyoboro. Kubwibyo, irashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza selile ya ether.
Ubukonje hamwe nubukanishi bwa selile ya ether irashobora kunozwa na epoxy crosslinking. Epoxide yakoreshejwe bwa mbere mu kuvura fibre yimyenda kandi yerekana ingaruka nziza yo kurangiza. Nyamara, hari raporo nke kuri cross-ihuza ihinduka rya selile ether na epoxide. Hu Cheng et al yashyizeho uburyo bushya bwa epoxy compound epoxy compound crosslinker: EPTA, yateje imbere gukira kwa elastike itose Inguni yimyenda yubudodo nyayo kuva 200º mbere yo kuvurwa ikagera kuri 280º. Byongeye kandi, uburyo bwiza bwa crosslinker bwongereye cyane igipimo cyo gusiga irangi nigipimo cyimyenda yimyenda ya silike kugeza irangi rya aside. Epoxy compound crosslinking agent ikoreshwa na Chen Xiaohui nabandi. : polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether (PGDE) ihujwe na gelatine. Nyuma yo guhuza, hydrogel ya gelatine ifite imikorere myiza yo kugarura ibintu byoroshye, hamwe nigipimo kinini cyo gukira cyoroshye kugera kuri 98.03%. Hashingiwe ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe ku guhuza kwambukiranya polimeri karemano nk'imyenda na gelatine na okiside yo hagati mu buvanganzo, guhindura ihuriro rya selile ya ether na epoxide nabyo bifite ibyiringiro.
Epichlorohydrin (izwi kandi ku izina rya epichlorohydrin) ni ikintu gikunze gukoreshwa mu guhuza ibikoresho bya polymer bisanzwe birimo -OH, -NH2 n'andi matsinda akora. Nyuma yo guhuzagurika kwa epichlorohydrin, ubukonje, aside na alkali birwanya, kurwanya ubushyuhe, kurwanya umunyu, kurwanya imishwaro hamwe nubukanishi bwibikoresho bizanozwa. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa rya epichlorohydrin muri selile ya ether crosslinking ifite akamaro gakomeye mubushakashatsi. Kurugero, Su Maoyao yakoze ibikoresho byamamaza cyane ukoresheje epiclorohydrin ihuza CMC. Yaganiriye ku ngaruka z’imiterere y’ibintu, urwego rwo gusimbuza n’urwego rwo guhuza imiterere ya adsorption, maze asanga agaciro ko gufata amazi (WRV) n’agaciro ko gufata brine (SRV) y’ibicuruzwa bikozwe n’ibicuruzwa bigera kuri 3% byiyongereyeho 26 inshuro na 17, kimwe. Iyo Ding Changguang n'abandi. yateguye cyane carboxymethyl selulose, epichlorohydrin yongeyeho nyuma ya etherification yo guhuza. Ugereranije, ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byahujwe byari hejuru ya 51% ugereranije nibicuruzwa bidahuye.
2.4 Acide ya Boric ihuza ibintu
Ibikoresho bya Boric bihuza cyane cyane birimo aside ya boric, borax, borate, organoborate nibindi bikoresho birimo borate. Uburyo bwo guhuza abantu benshi bemeza ko aside irike (H3BO3) cyangwa borate (B4O72-) ikora tetrahydroxy borate ion (B (OH) 4-) mugisubizo, hanyuma ikabura umwuma hamwe na -Oh mukigo. Kora ibice byuzuzanya hamwe nurusobekerane.
Acide ya Boric ikoreshwa cyane nkabafasha mubuvuzi, ibirahure, ububumbyi, peteroli nizindi nzego. Imbaraga zubukanishi bwibikoresho bivurwa na boric acide ihuza aside bizanozwa, kandi birashobora gukoreshwa muguhuza selile ya selile, kugirango bitezimbere imikorere yayo.
Mu myaka ya za 1960, boron organique (borax, acide boric na sodium tetraborate, nibindi) niyo yari intandaro nyamukuru ihuza imiyoboro ikoreshwa mumazi ashingiye kumazi yameneka mumasoko ya peteroli na gaze. Borax niyo yambere ya crosslinking agent yakoreshejwe. Bitewe nubusembwa bwa boron organique, nkigihe gito cyo guhuza hamwe nubushyuhe buke bwubushyuhe, iterambere ryumushinga wa organoboron wabaye ahantu h’ubushakashatsi. Ubushakashatsi bwa organoboron bwatangiye mu myaka ya za 90. Bitewe nibiranga ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, biroroshye kumena kole, kugenzurwa gutinda guhuza, nibindi, organoboron imaze kugera kubikorwa byiza mukuvunika kwa peteroli na gaze. Liu Ji n'abandi. yateje imbere polymer ihuza ibice birimo acide ya fenylboric, agent ihuza ivangwa na acide acrylic na polyol polymer hamwe na succinimide ester groupe reaction, ibivamo ibinyabuzima bivamo bifite imikorere myiza yuzuye, birashobora kwerekana neza hamwe nubukanishi mubidukikije, kandi birashobora kuba Birenzeho. Yang Yang n'abandi. yabyaye ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwirinda zirconium boron crosslinking agent, yakoreshwaga mu guhuza guhuza amazi ya guanidine gel base ya fluid yamenetse, kandi ikazamura cyane ubushyuhe hamwe nogukomera kwamazi yamenetse nyuma yo kuvurwa. Ihinduka rya carboxymethyl selulose ether na boric acide ihuza aside mumazi yo gucukura peteroli yavuzwe. Kubera imiterere yihariye, irashobora gukoreshwa mubuvuzi nubwubatsi
Guhuza selile ya ether mubwubatsi, gutwikira hamwe nindi mirima.
2.5 Umukozi wa fosifike
Fosifate ihuza ibintu cyane cyane irimo fosifore trichloroxy (fosifacyl chloride), sodium trimetaphosphate, sodium tripolyphosphate, nibindi. .
Fosifide ihuza imiti kubera uburozi butari uburozi cyangwa uburozi buke, bukoreshwa cyane mubiribwa, imiti ya polymer ibikoresho byo guhinduranya, nka krahisi, chitosani nubundi buryo bwo kuvura polymer busanzwe. Ibisubizo byerekana ko gelatinisation hamwe no kubyimba ibintu bya krahisi bishobora guhinduka cyane wongeyeho agace gato ka fosifike ihuza imiti. Nyuma yo guhuza ibinyamisogwe, ubushyuhe bwa gelatinisiyasi bwiyongera, umutimanama wa paste uratera imbere, kurwanya aside iruta ibinyamisogwe byumwimerere, kandi imbaraga za firime zikiyongera.
Hariho kandi ubushakashatsi bwinshi kubijyanye no guhuza chitosan hamwe na fosifide ihuza imiti, ishobora kuzamura imbaraga zayo za mashini, ituze ryimiti nibindi bintu. Kugeza ubu, nta raporo zerekeye ikoreshwa rya fosifide ihuza imiti yo kuvura selile. Kuberako selile ya ether hamwe na krahisi, chitosan nizindi polymers karemano zirimo gukora cyane -OH, kandi fosifide ihuza imiti ifite ubumara butari uburozi cyangwa uburozi buke bwa physiologique, kuyikoresha mubushakashatsi bwa selulose ether nayo ifite amahirwe menshi. Nka CMC ikoreshwa mubiryo, umurima wamenyo yumurima hamwe na fosifike ihuza imiti ihindura, irashobora kunoza imibyimba, imiterere ya rheologiya. MC, HPMC na HEC bikoreshwa mubijyanye n'ubuvuzi birashobora kunozwa na fosifike ihuza imiti.
2.6 Ibindi bikoresho bihuza
Aldehydes yavuzwe haruguru, epoxide na selulose ether guhuza ni ibya etherification ihuza, aside karubike, aside ya boric na fosifike ihuza ibice bya esterification. Byongeye kandi, imiti ihuza ikoreshwa rya selile ya ether ihuza kandi harimo ibice bya isocyanate, ibinyabuzima bya azote hydroxymethyl, ibibyimba bya sulfhydryl, ibyuma bihuza ibyuma, ibikoresho bya organosilicon bihuza, n'ibindi. Ibiranga imiterere ya molekile ni uko molekile irimo amatsinda menshi akora ari byoroshye kubyitwaramo na -OH, kandi birashobora gukora imiterere-yimikorere myinshi nyuma yo guhuza. Ibiranga ibicuruzwa byuzuzanya bifitanye isano nubwoko bwimikorere ihuza, impamyabumenyi ihanitse hamwe nuburyo bwo guhuza.
Badit · Pabin · Condu n'abandi. yakoresheje toluene diisocyanate (TDI) kugirango ahuze methyl selulose. Nyuma yo guhuzagurika, ubushyuhe bwikirahure (Tg) bwiyongereye hamwe no kwiyongera kwijanisha rya TDI, kandi igisubizo cyumuti wacyo wamazi cyateye imbere. TDI nayo isanzwe ikoreshwa muguhindura guhuza ibifatika, ibifuniko nibindi bice. Nyuma yo guhinduka, imitungo ifatika, kurwanya ubushyuhe hamwe n’amazi yo kurwanya firime bizanozwa. Kubwibyo, TDI irashobora kunoza imikorere ya selulose ether ikoreshwa mubwubatsi, gutwikira hamwe no gufatira hamwe muguhuza.
Disulfide ikorana buhanga ikoreshwa cyane muguhindura ibikoresho byubuvuzi kandi ifite agaciro kamwe mubushakashatsi muguhuza ibicuruzwa bya selile ether murwego rwubuvuzi. Shu Shujun n'abandi. ifatanije β-cyclodextrin hamwe na microsperes ya silika, ihuza mercaptoylated chitosan na glucan binyuze muri gradient shell layer, hanyuma ikuraho microsperes ya silika kugirango ibone disulfide ihujwe na nanocapses, yerekanaga ituze ryiza muri pH physiologique pH.
Ibikoresho byuzuzanya byibanze ni organic organique na organic organique yibyuma byo hejuru nka Zr (IV), Al (III), Ti (IV), Cr (III) na Fe (III). Iyoni ndende cyane ifite polymerize kugirango ikore hydroxyl ikiraro cya kirimbuzi nyinshi binyuze mumazi, hydrolysis hamwe nikiraro cya hydroxyl. Muri rusange abantu bemeza ko guhuza imiyoboro y’ibyuma bifite agaciro gakomeye cyane cyane binyuze muri hydroxyl yo mu bwoko bwa hydroxyl nuclée nyinshi, byoroshye guhuza hamwe na acide karubike ya acide kugirango ikore polymers yimiterere yimiterere myinshi. Xu Kai n'abandi. yize imiterere ya rheologiya ya Zr (IV), Al (III), Ti (IV), Cr (III) na Fe (III) ikiciro cyicyuma gihenze cyane gihuza carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl selulose (CMHPC) hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro, gutakaza filteri , ubushobozi bwumucanga bwahagaritswe, ibisigazwa-bisenya ibisigazwa hamwe nu munyu nyuma yo kubisaba. Ibisubizo byerekanye ko, Icyuma cyambukiranya ibyuma gifite ibintu bisabwa kugirango umukozi wa sima wa sima ya peteroli ameneka neza.

3. Gutezimbere imikorere niterambere rya tekinike ya selile ether muguhuza guhuza

3.1 Irangi n'ubwubatsi
Ether ya selile cyane cyane HEC, HPMC, HEMC na MC ikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye nubwubatsi, gutwikira, ubu bwoko bwa selile ya selile igomba kuba ifite amazi meza, kubyimbye, umunyu nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, kurwanya shear, akenshi bikoreshwa mumasima ya sima, irangi rya latex. , ceramic tile yometseho, irangi ryurukuta rwinyuma, lacquer nibindi. Bitewe ninyubako, gutwikira umurima wibikoresho bigomba kuba bifite imbaraga zubukanishi no gutekana, mubisanzwe hitamo ubwoko bwa etherification ubwoko bwa crosslinking agent kuri selulose ether crosslinking ihindura, nko gukoresha epoxy halogenated alkane, acide boric ihuza ibice kugirango ihuze, irashobora kunoza ibicuruzwa ubukonje, umunyu nubushyuhe bwubushyuhe, kurwanya ubukana hamwe nubukanishi.
3.2 Imirima yubuvuzi, ibiryo nimiti ya buri munsi
MC, HPMC na CMC mumazi ya elegitoronike ya selile yamashanyarazi akoreshwa mubikoresho byo gutwikisha imiti, imiti yongerera imiti buhoro buhoro hamwe na farumasi yimiti ikabije hamwe na stabilisateur ya emulsion. CMC irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nka emulisiferi kandi ikabyimbye muri yogurt, ibikomoka ku mata hamwe nu menyo. HEC na MC bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya buri munsi kugirango babyibushye, bitatanye kandi bihuze. Kuberako urwego rwubuvuzi, ibiryo nicyiciro cya chimique ya buri munsi bikenera ibikoresho bifite umutekano kandi bidafite uburozi, kubwibyo, kubwoko bwa selile ya selile irashobora gukoreshwa aside aside ya fosifori, aside karubasi ya acide ihuza imiti, sulfhydryl ihuza imiti, nibindi, nyuma yo guhuza ibice, irashobora kunoza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa, ituze ryibinyabuzima nibindi bintu.
HEC ikoreshwa gake mubijyanye nubuvuzi nibiribwa, ariko kubera ko HEC ari selile ya ionic selulose ether ifite imbaraga zikomeye, ifite ibyiza byihariye kuri MC, HPMC na CMC. Mu bihe biri imbere, bizahuzwa n’ibikoresho byizewe kandi bidafite uburozi, bizagira iterambere ryinshi mu bijyanye n’ubuvuzi n’ibiribwa.
3.3 Gucukura peteroli hamwe n’ahantu hakorerwa
CMC na carbokisile ya selulose ether ikoreshwa nkibikoresho byo gutunganya inganda zogucukura ibyondo, umukozi wo gutakaza amazi, umubyimba wo gukoresha. Nka ether ya selile idafite ionic, HEC nayo ikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye no gucukura peteroli bitewe ningaruka zayo nziza, ubushobozi bwo guhagarika umucanga no guhagarara neza, kurwanya ubushyuhe, umunyu mwinshi, kurwanya imiyoboro mike, gutakaza amazi make, reberi yihuta kumena no gusigara hasi. Kugeza ubu, ubushakashatsi bwinshi ni ugukoresha aside boric ihuza imiti hamwe n’ibikoresho byifashishwa mu guhuza CMC ikoreshwa mu bucukuzi bwa peteroli, non-ionic selulose ether crosslinking modification raporo yubushakashatsi buke, ariko guhindura hydrophobique ya selile itari iyoni, byerekana akamaro gakomeye. ubukonje, ubushyuhe hamwe no kurwanya umunyu hamwe no gutuza kwogosha, gutatanya neza no kurwanya hydrolysis yibinyabuzima. Nyuma yo guhuzwa na acide ya boric, ibyuma, epoxide, epoxy halogenated alkane nibindi bikoresho bihuza, selile ya selile ikoreshwa mu gucukura peteroli no kuyibyaza umusaruro byateje umubyimba mwinshi, umunyu nubushyuhe bukabije, ituze nibindi, bifite ibyifuzo byiza byo gukoreshwa muri ejo hazaza.
3.4 Indi mirima
Ether ya selile bitewe no kubyimba, emulisifike, gukora firime, kurinda colloidal, kugumana ubushuhe, kugumya, anti-sensitivite nibindi bintu byiza cyane, bikoreshwa cyane, usibye imirima yavuzwe haruguru, bikoreshwa no gukora impapuro, ububumbyi, gucapa imyenda no gusiga irangi, polymerisation reaction nizindi nzego. Ukurikije ibisabwa byimiterere yibintu mubice bitandukanye, ibintu bitandukanye bihuza bishobora gukoreshwa muguhindura guhuza kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa. Muri rusange, etulifike ya selulose ether irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: etherified crosslinked selulose ether na esterified crosslinked selulose ether. Aldehydes, epoxide hamwe nandi masano ahura na -Oh kuri selile ya selile kugirango bahuze ether-ogisijeni (-O-), ikaba ihuza etherification. Acide Carboxylic, fosifide, acide boric nibindi bintu bihuza bifata hamwe na -OH kuri selile ya selile kugirango bibe ester bond, bya esterification crosslinking agent. Itsinda rya carboxyl muri CMC ryitwara hamwe na -OH muri agent ihuza kugirango itange esterified crosslinked selulose ether. Kugeza ubu, hari ubushakashatsi buke kuri ubu bwoko bwo guhuza ibice, kandi haracyariho iterambere ryigihe kizaza. Kuberako ituze rya ether iruta iry'ububiko bwa ester, ubwoko bwa ether bwambukiranya selile ya ether ifite ituze rikomeye hamwe nubukanishi. Ukurikije imirima itandukanye yo gusaba, umukozi ukwiye guhuza ashobora gutoranywa kugirango selulose ether ihindurwe, kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyifuzo.

4. Umwanzuro

Kugeza ubu, inganda zikoresha glyoxal mu guhuza selile ya selile, mu rwego rwo gutinza igihe cyo gusesa, kugira ngo ikemure ikibazo cyo guteka ibicuruzwa mu gihe cyo guseswa. Glyoxal ihuza selile ya ether irashobora guhindura gusa imbaraga zayo, ariko nta terambere rigaragara ryibindi bintu. Kugeza ubu, gukoresha ubundi buryo bwo guhuza ibintu bitari glyoxal kuri selile ya ether ihuza abantu ntibikunze kwigwa. Kuberako selile ya selile ikoreshwa cyane mugucukura peteroli, kubaka, gutwikira, ibiryo, ubuvuzi nizindi nganda, gukemura kwayo, rheologiya, imiterere yubukanishi bigira uruhare runini mugukoresha. Binyuze mu guhuza impinduka, irashobora kunoza imikorere yayo mubikorwa bitandukanye, kugirango ihuze ibyifuzo. Kurugero, acide karubike, aside fosifori, aside boric ihuza imiti ya selilose ether esterification irashobora kunoza imikorere yayo mubiribwa nubuvuzi. Ariko, aldehydes ntishobora gukoreshwa mubiribwa nubuvuzi kubera uburozi bwa physiologique. Acide ya Boric hamwe nicyuma gihuza ibyuma bifasha kunoza imikorere ya peteroli yameneka na gaze nyuma yo guhuza selile ya selile ikoreshwa mugucukura amavuta. Ibindi bikoresho bya alkyl bihuza, nka epichlorohydrin, birashobora kunoza ubwiza, imiterere ya rheologiya hamwe nubukanishi bwa selile ya ether. Hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya siyanse nikoranabuhanga, ibisabwa ninganda zinyuranye kumitungo yibintu bigenda bitera imbere. Kugirango wuzuze ibisabwa bya selile ya ether mubice bitandukanye byifashishwa, ubushakashatsi buzaza kuri selulose ether guhuza bifite amahirwe menshi yiterambere.