Sodium carboxymethyl selulose, bita carboxymethyl selulose (CMC) ni ubwoko bwa fibre fibre fibre ether yateguwe no guhindura imiti ya selile. Imiterere yacyo ni D-glucose igice binyuze muri β (1 → 4) Imfunguzo zahujwe hamwe.
CMC ni ifu yera cyangwa amata yifu ya fibrous cyangwa granules, ifite ubucucike bwa 0.5-0.7 g / cm3, hafi yumunuko, uburyohe, na hygroscopique. Byoroshye gutatanya mumazi kugirango bibe igisubizo kiboneye cya colloidal, kidashonga mumashanyarazi kama nka Ethanol. PH yumuti wamazi wa 1% ni 6.5-8.5, mugihe pH> 10 cyangwa <5, ububobere bwa mucilage bugabanuka cyane, kandi imikorere nibyiza mugihe pH = 7. Ihagaze neza kugirango ubushyuhe, ubukonje buzamuka vuba munsi ya 20 ° C, kandi buhinduka buhoro kuri 45 ° C. Gushyushya igihe kirekire hejuru ya 80 ° C birashobora gutandukanya colloid kandi bikagabanya cyane ububobere n'imikorere. Biroroshye gushonga mumazi kandi igisubizo kiragaragara; irahagaze neza mubisubizo bya alkaline, ariko biroroshye hydrolyz iyo ihuye na aside, kandi izagwa mugihe agaciro ka pH ari 2-3, kandi izanakorana numunyu wibyuma byinshi.
Inzira yuburyo: C6H7 (OH) 2OCH2COONa Inzira ya molekulari: C8H11O5Na
Igisubizo nyamukuru ni: selile karemano yabanje guhura na alkalinisation hamwe na NaOH, kandi hiyongereyeho aside ya chloroacetike, hydrogène yo mumatsinda ya hydroxyl kumurongo wa glucose ihura nogusimbuza itsinda rya carboxymethyl muri acide ya chloroacetic. Birashobora kugaragara uhereye kumiterere yuburyo hariho amatsinda atatu ya hydroxyl kuri buri glucose, ni ukuvuga C2, C3, na C6 hydroxyl. Hydrogen kuri buri tsinda rya hydroxyl isimburwa na carboxymethyl, isobanurwa nkurwego rwo gusimbuza 3. Urwego rwo gusimbuza CMC rugira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye, gukomera, kumera, gukomera, kurwanya aside no kurwanya umunyu waCMC .
Muri rusange abantu bemeza ko iyo urwego rwo gusimburwa ruri hafi 0,6-0.7, imikorere ya emulisitiya iba nziza, kandi hamwe no kwiyongera kurwego rwo gusimburwa, indi mitungo iratunganywa uko bikwiye. Iyo urwego rwo gusimbuza rurenze 0.8, irwanya aside hamwe no kurwanya umunyu byiyongera cyane. .
Mubyongeyeho, havuzwe kandi hejuru ko kuri buri gice hari amatsinda atatu ya hydroxyl, ni ukuvuga amatsinda ya hydroxyl ya kabiri ya C2 na C3 hamwe na hydroxyl yibanze ya C6. Mubyigisho, ibikorwa byitsinda ryibanze rya hydroxyl biruta iby'itsinda rya kabiri rya hydroxyl, ariko ukurikije ingaruka za isotopic ya C, itsinda -OH kuri C2 Ni acide cyane, cyane cyane mubidukikije bya alkali ikomeye, ibikorwa byayo irakomeye kuruta C3 na C6, bityo rero birashoboka cyane kubitekerezo byo gusimbuza, bigakurikirwa na C6, na C3 niyo ntege nke.
Mubyukuri, imikorere ya CMC ntabwo ijyanye gusa nurwego rwo gusimburwa, ahubwo ifitanye isano no gukwirakwiza amatsinda ya carboxymethyl muri molekile yose ya selile no gusimbuza amatsinda ya hydroxymethyl muri buri gice hamwe na C2, C3, na C6 muri buri molekile. bijyanye n'uburinganire. Kubera ko CMC ari polymerisiyumu igizwe cyane, kandi itsinda ryayo rya carboxymethyl rifite insimburangingo idasanzwe muri molekile, molekile zifite icyerekezo gitandukanye mugihe igisubizo gisigaye gihagaze, kandi uburebure bwa molekile y'umurongo buratandukanye mugihe hari imbaraga zogukemura mubisubizo . Umurongo ufite impengamiro yo guhindukirira icyerekezo gitemba, kandi iyi myumvire irakomera hamwe no kwiyongera k'igipimo cyogosha kugeza icyerekezo cyanyuma gitunganijwe neza. Ibi biranga CMC byitwa pseudoplastique. Pseudoplastique ya CMC ifasha guhuza abantu no gutwara imiyoboro, kandi ntizigera iryoshye cyane mu mata y’amazi, bifasha kurekura impumuro y’amata. .
Kugira ngo dukoreshe ibicuruzwa bya CMC, dukeneye gusobanukirwa neza ibipimo nyamukuru nko gutuza, kwijimisha, kurwanya aside, hamwe nubwiza. Menya uburyo duhitamo ibicuruzwa byiza.
Ibicuruzwa bito cyane bya CMC bifite uburyohe bugarura ubuyanja, ubukonje buke, kandi hafi yubusa. Zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu masosi adasanzwe n'ibinyobwa. Amazi yo mu kanwa yubuzima nayo ni amahitamo meza.
Ibicuruzwa bya CMC biciriritse bikoreshwa cyane mubinyobwa bikomeye, ibinyobwa bisanzwe bya poroteyine n'umutobe w'imbuto. Uburyo bwo guhitamo biterwa ningeso bwite za ba injeniyeri. Mu gutuza ibinyobwa byamata, CMC yatanze byinshi.
Ibicuruzwa byinshi bya CMC bifite umwanya munini ugereranije. Ugereranije na krahisi, guar gum, xanthan gum nibindi bicuruzwa, umutekano wa CMC uracyagaragara cyane cyane mubicuruzwa byinyama, inyungu zo gufata amazi ya CMC ziragaragara cyane! Muri stabilisateur nka ice cream, CMC nayo ihitamo neza.
Ibipimo nyamukuru bipima ubuziranenge bwa CMC ni urwego rwo gusimbuza (DS) nubuziranenge. Mubisanzwe, imitungo ya CMC iratandukanye niba DS itandukanye; urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimbuza, gukomera gukomeye, nuburyo bwiza bwo gukorera mu mucyo no guhagarara neza. Nk’uko raporo zibitangaza, gukorera mu mucyo kwa CMC ni byiza iyo urwego rwo gusimburwa ari 0.7-1.2, kandi ubwiza bw’umuti wabwo w’amazi ni bunini iyo agaciro ka pH ari 6-9.
Kugirango hamenyekane ubuziranenge bwayo, usibye guhitamo agent ya etherification, hagomba no gusuzumwa ibintu bimwe na bimwe bigira ingaruka kurwego rwo gusimbuza no kweza, nkumubano uri hagati yumubare wa alkali na etherification, igihe cya etherification, ibirimo amazi muri sisitemu, ubushyuhe, DH agaciro, igisubizo Kwibanda hamwe numunyu nibindi.
Ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byarangiye biterwa ahanini nigisubizo cyibicuruzwa. Niba igisubizo cyibicuruzwa gisobanutse neza, hari uduce duto twa gel, fibre yubusa, hamwe nibibara byirabura byanduye, byemejwe mubyukuri ko ubwiza bwa CMC ari bwiza. Niba igisubizo gisigaye muminsi mike, igisubizo ntigaragara. Cyera cyangwa kirangaye, ariko biracyagaragara neza, nibicuruzwa byiza!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-14-2022