Ibikoresho bibisi bya Cellulose Ether

Umusaruro wibikorwa bya viscosity pulp ya selulose ether yarizwe. Ibintu nyamukuru byagize ingaruka ku guteka no guhumeka mugikorwa cyo kubyara umusaruro mwinshi cyane. Ukurikije ibyo umukiriya asabwa, binyuze mu kizamini kimwe hamwe nuburyo bwo gupima orthogonal, bufatanije nubushobozi bwibikoresho bya sosiyete, ibipimo byerekana umusaruro mwinshi cyane.ipamba nzizapulp ibikoresho fatizokuri selile biyemeje. Ukoresheje ubu buryo bwo kubyaza umusaruro, umweru wo hejuru-wijimyeinozeipamba ikozwe muri selile ether ni≥85%, kandi ubwiza ni≥1800 mL / g.

Amagambo y'ingenzi: hejuru ya viscosity pulp kuri selile ether; inzira yo kubyaza umusaruro; guteka; bleaching

Cellulose niyinshi cyane kandi ishobora kuvugururwa ya polymer karemano muri kamere. Ifite amasoko menshi, igiciro gito, hamwe no kubungabunga ibidukikije. Urukurikirane rw'ibikomoka kuri selile birashobora kuboneka hifashishijwe uburyo bwo guhindura imiti. Cellulose ether ni uruganda rwa polymer aho hydrogène iri mumatsinda ya hydroxyl kumurongo wa glucose ya selile isimburwa nitsinda rya hydrocarubone. Nyuma ya etherification, selile irashobora gushonga mumazi, igabanya umuti wa alkali hamwe na solge organic, kandi ifite thermoplastique. Ubushinwa n’igihugu kinini ku isi gikora kandi kigakoresha selile ya selile, ikigereranyo cyo kuzamuka kw’umwaka kurenga 20%. Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa selile ya selile ifite imikorere myiza, kandi ikoreshwa cyane mubwubatsi, sima, peteroli, ibiryo, imyenda, imyenda, amarangi, imiti, gukora impapuro nibikoresho bya elegitoronike nizindi nganda.

Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryurwego rwibikomoka kuri selireose ether, icyifuzo cyibikoresho fatizo kugirango umusaruro wacyo nacyo kiriyongera. Ibikoresho nyamukuru bibyara umusaruro wa selulose ether ni ipamba, ibiti, ibiti by'imigano, nibindi. Muri byo, ipamba nigicuruzwa gisanzwe gifite selile nyinshi muri kamere, kandi igihugu cyanjye nigihugu kinini gitanga ipamba, bityo impamba ni ibikoresho byiza bibyara umusaruro wa selile. Byinjijwe mu buryo bwihariye ibikoresho bidasanzwe n’ikoranabuhanga mu mahanga by’umusemburo udasanzwe wa selile, ikoresha ubushyuhe buke bwo guteka-alkali itetse, icyatsi kibisi gikomeza guhumeka, kugenzura byimazeyo uburyo bwo gukora, kugenzura neza inzira bigeze ku rwego rwo hejuru rw’inganda zimwe mu gihugu no mu mahanga . Bisabwe nabakiriya mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo, isosiyete yakoze ubushakashatsi nubushakashatsi bwiterambere ku ipamba ryinshi rya pamba ya selulose ether, kandi ingero zakiriwe neza nabakiriya.

1. Ubushakashatsi

1.1 Ibikoresho bibisi

Umuvuduko mwinshi wa selulose ether ukeneye kuba wujuje ibisabwa byera cyane, ubukonje bwinshi nubutaka buke. Urebye ibiranga ipamba ryinshi-ryinshi rya selulose ether, mbere ya byose, hakozwe igenzura rikomeye muguhitamo ibikoresho fatizo, hamwe nudupapuro twa pamba dukuze cyane, ubwiza bwinshi, nta filament eshatu, nimbuto nkeya ya pamba; hull ibirimo byatoranijwe nkibikoresho fatizo. Ukurikije ibipapuro byavuzwe haruguru Ukurikije ibisabwa mu bipimo bitandukanye, hiyemeje gukoresha imashini y’ipamba mu Bushinwa nk'ibikoresho fatizo byo kubyara ifumbire mvaruganda ya selile ya ether. Ibipimo ngenderwaho bya cashmere ya Sinayi ni: viscosity≥2000 mL / g, gukura≥70%, aside sulfurike idashonga≤6.0%, ibirimo ivu≤1.7%.

1.2 Ibikoresho n'imiti

Ibikoresho byubushakashatsi: PL-100 inkono yo guteka amashanyarazi (Chengyang Taisite Experimental Equipment Co., Ltd.), ibikoresho byogeramo amazi yubushyuhe buri gihe (Uruganda rwa Longkou Electric Furnace Uruganda), PHSJ 3F yuzuye pH metero (Shanghai Yidian Scientific Instrument Co., Ltd.), Capillary viscometer, WSB～Metero 2 yera (Jinan Sanquan Zhongshishi

Ibikoresho bya Laboratoire Co, Ltd.).

Imiti igerageza: NaOH, HCl, NaClO, H2O2, NaSiO3.

1.3 Inzira

Imyenda y'ipamba→guteka alkali→gukaraba→guswera→guhumanya (harimo no kuvura aside)→gukora pulp→ibicuruzwa byarangiye→Ikizamini

1.4 Ibirimo

Igikorwa cyo guteka gishingiye kubikorwa nyabyo byakozwe, ukoresheje ibikoresho bitose hamwe nuburyo bwo guteka alkaline. Sukura gusa kandi ukureho ibara ryinshi rya pamba, ongeramo lye yabazwe ukurikije igipimo cyamazi nubunini bwa alkali yakoreshejwe, vanga neza imyenda ya pamba na lye, ubishyire mubigega byo guteka, hanyuma uteke ukurikije ubushyuhe butandukanye bwo guteka no gufata ibihe Teka. Ifu nyuma yo guteka irakaraba, ikubitwa kandi ihumanya kugirango ikoreshwe nyuma.

Inzira yo kumeneka: ibipimo nkibisobanuro bya pulp hamwe nagaciro ka pH byatoranijwe muburyo bukurikije ubushobozi bwibikoresho hamwe na gahunda yo guhumanya, hamwe nibipimo bifatika nkubunini bwa agent byangiza biganirwaho mubushakashatsi.

Kuvomera bigabanijwemo ibyiciro bitatu: (1) Icyiciro kibanziriza icyiciro cya mbere ya chlorine, guhinduranya impemu kuri 3%, ongeramo aside kugirango ugenzure agaciro ka pH kumpanuka kuri 2.2-2.3, ongeramo umubare munini wa sodium hypochlorite kugirango uhumure kuri ubushyuhe bw'icyumba mu minota 40. . Ubushyuhe bwihariye bwo guhumeka, urugero rwa hydrogen peroxide hamwe nigihe cyo guhumeka byakorewe ubushakashatsi. . ntugomba gukomeza kuganirwaho mubigeragezo.

Mugihe cyibigeragezo, buri cyiciro cyo guhumeka gihindura igipimo cya pulp na pH, kongeramo igipimo runaka cya reagent ya bleach, kivanga pulp na bleach reagent kuringaniza mumifuka ya pulasitike ya polyethylene ifunze, hanyuma ukayishyira mubwogero bwamazi bwamazi burigihe kugirango ubushyuhe buhoraho guhumanya mugihe cyagenwe. Uburyo bwo guhumeka Kuramo ibiciriritse hagati yiminota 10, vanga kandi ubikate neza kugirango umenye neza ko guhumeka. Nyuma ya buri cyiciro cyo guhumeka, yogejwe namazi, hanyuma igakomeza mukiciro gikurikira cyo guhumeka.

1.5 Isesengura ryihuse no gutahura

GB / T8940.2-2002 na GB / T7974-2002 byakoreshejwe mugutegura no gupima umweru w'icyitegererezo cyera cyera; GB / T1548-2004 yakoreshejwe mugupima ububobere buke.

2. Ibisubizo n'ibiganiro

2.1 Isesengura ry'intego

Ukurikije ibyo abakiriya bakeneye, ibipimo byingenzi bya tekiniki byerekana ububobere buke bwa selulose ether ni: umweru≥85%, ubwiza≥1800 mL / g,α-cellulose≥90%, ibirimo ivu≤0.1%, icyuma≤12 mg / kg n'ibindi. Nkurikije uburambe bwimyaka myinshi yikigo muguhingura impamba zidasanzwe, mugucunga uburyo bukwiye bwo guteka, gukaraba no kuvura aside mugihe cyo guhumanya,α-cellulose, ivu, ibirimo ibyuma nibindi bipimo, biroroshye kuzuza ibisabwa mubikorwa nyabyo. Kubwibyo, umweru nubwiza bifatwa nkibintu byibandwaho muri iri terambere ryubushakashatsi.

2.2 Uburyo bwo guteka

Igikorwa cyo guteka nugusenya urukuta rwibanze rwa fibre hamwe na hydroxide ya sodiumi munsi yubushyuhe runaka nigitutu, kugirango amazi ashonga hamwe na alkali-soluble idafite selile, amavuta n'ibishashara mumyenda y'ipamba birashonga, kandi ibirimoα-cellulose iriyongera. . Bitewe no gutandukanya iminyururu ya selile ya macromolecular mugihe cyo guteka, urugero rwa polymerisation ruragabanuka kandi ibishishwa bikagabanuka. Niba urwego rwo guteka rworoshye cyane, ifu ntizatekwa neza, guhumeka gukurikira bizaba bibi, kandi ibicuruzwa ntibizahungabana; niba urugero rwo guteka ruremereye cyane, urunigi rwa selile ya selulose ruzahinduka depolymerize kuburyo bukabije kandi ububobere buzaba buke cyane. Urebye neza ibyerekeranye no guhindagurika hamwe nubusembwa bwibisabwa bya slurry, hemejwe ko ibishishwa byigituba nyuma yo guteka ari≥1900 mL / g, kandi umweru ni≥55%.

Ukurikije ibintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka ku guteka: ingano ya alkali yakoreshejwe, ubushyuhe bwo guteka, nigihe cyo gufata, uburyo bwo gupima orthogonal bukoreshwa mugukora ubushakashatsi kugirango uhitemo uburyo bwo guteka bukwiye.

Ukurikije amakuru mabi cyane yibisubizo byikizamini cya orthogonal, ingaruka zimpamvu eshatu ku ngaruka zo guteka nizi zikurikira: ubushyuhe bwo guteka> ingano ya alkali> gufata umwanya. Ubushyuhe bwo guteka nubunini bwa alkali bigira uruhare runini mubwiza no kwera bya pamba. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe bwo guteka nubunini bwa alkali, umweru ukunda kwiyongera, ariko ibishishwa bikunda kugabanuka. Kugirango habeho umusaruro mwinshi-mwinshi, uburyo bwo guteka buringaniye bugomba gukoreshwa uko bishoboka kose mugihe harebwa umweru. Kubwibyo, ufatanije namakuru yubushakashatsi, ubushyuhe bwo guteka ni 115°C, kandi ingano ya alkali yakoreshejwe ni 9%. Ingaruka yo gufata umwanya mubintu bitatu irakomeye cyane ugereranije nibindi bintu bibiri. Kubera ko guteka bifata uburyo bwo guteka-alkali nkeya nubushyuhe bwo hasi, kugirango hongerwe uburinganire bwoguteka no kwemeza ko guteka kwifata neza, igihe cyo gufata cyatoranijwe nkiminota 70. Kubwibyo, guhuza A2B2C3 byariyemeje kuba inzira nziza yo guteka kumashanyarazi menshi. Mugihe cyibikorwa byumusaruro, umweru wanyuma wanyuma wari 55.3%, naho ibishishwa byari 1945 mL / g.

2.3

2.3.1

Mu gice kibanziriza chlorine, umubare muto cyane wa sodium hypochlorite wongewe kumpamba kugirango uhindure lignine mumpamba ya lignine ya chlorine hanyuma ushonga. Nyuma yo guhumeka mubyiciro byabanjirije chlorine, ubwiza bwibisebe bigomba kugenzurwa kugirango bibe≥1850 mL / g, n'umweru≥63%.

Ingano ya sodium hypochlorite nicyo kintu nyamukuru kigira ingaruka kumyuka muri iki gice. Kugirango tumenye umubare ukwiye wa chlorine iboneka, uburyo bumwe bwo gupima ibintu bwakoreshejwe mugukora ubushakashatsi 5 bubangikanye icyarimwe. Mugushyiramo ibipimo bitandukanye bya sodium hypochlorite mumashanyarazi, chlorine ikora neza muri chlorine Ibirimo chlorine yari 0.01 g / L, 0.02 g / L, 0.03 g / L, 0.04 g / L, 0,05 g / L. Nyuma yo guhumeka, viscosity na BaiDu.

Uhereye ku mpinduka za pamba yera yera nubukonje hamwe na chlorine iboneka, urashobora gusanga hamwe niyongera rya chlorine iboneka, umweru w ipamba wiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi ububobere bugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Iyo ingano ya chlorine iboneka ari 0.01g / L na 0.02g / L, umweru w'ipamba ni≤63%; iyo ingano ya chlorine iboneka ari 0.05g / L, ubwiza bwimpamba ni≤1850mL / g, itujuje ibisabwa mbere ya chlorine. Ibipimo byerekana ibyateganijwe bisabwa. Iyo ingano ya chlorine iboneka ari 0.03g / L na 0.04g / L, ibipimo nyuma yo guhumeka ni viscosity 1885mL / g, umweru 63.5% nubukonje 1854mL / g, umweru 64.8%. Ingano ya dosiye ijyanye nibisabwa byerekana ibipimo byo kugenzura ibihumanya mu gice kibanziriza chlorine, bityo byemejwe mbere yuko dosiye ya chlorine iboneka muri iki gice ari 0.03-0.04g / L.

2.3.2 Hydrogen peroxide icyiciro cyo guhumeka ubushakashatsi

Hydrogen peroxide guhumanya nicyiciro cyingenzi cyo guhumeka mugikorwa cyo guhumeka kugirango tunoze umweru. Nyuma yiki cyiciro, hakorwa icyiciro cyo kuvura aside kugirango barangize inzira yo guhumeka. Icyiciro cyo kuvura aside hiyongereyeho impapuro zo gukora no gukora icyiciro nta ngaruka zigira ku bwiza bwimbuto, kandi birashobora kongera umweru byibuze 2%. Kubwibyo, ukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho bisabwa byanyuma bya viscosity pulp, ibisabwa kugirango igenzurwe rya hydrogène peroxide yo guhumeka byiyemeje kuba ibicucu.≥1800 mL / g n'umweru≥83%.

Ibintu nyamukuru bigira ingaruka kuri hydrogen peroxide ihumanya ni urugero rwa hydrogen peroxide, ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka, nigihe cyo guhumeka. Kugirango ugere ku cyera no gukenera ibisabwa hejuru ya viscous pulp, ibintu bitatu bigira ingaruka kumyuka yasesenguwe nuburyo bwo gupima orthogonal kugirango hamenyekane ibipimo bikwiye bya hydrogen peroxide.

Binyuze mu itandukaniro rikabije ryamakuru yikizamini cya orthogonal, usanga ingaruka zimpamvu eshatu ku ngaruka zo guhumeka ari: guhumeka ubushyuhe> hydrogen peroxide dosage> igihe cyo guhumeka. Ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka nubunini bwa hydrogen peroxide nibintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka kumyuka. Hamwe no kwiyongera buhoro buhoro amakuru yibintu bibiri byubushyuhe bwo guhumeka nubunini bwa hydrogène peroxide, umweru w ipamba wiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi ubwiza bugabanuka buhoro buhoro. Urebye ikiguzi cy'umusaruro, ubushobozi bwibikoresho hamwe nubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa muri rusange, ubushyuhe bwa hydrogen peroxide bwo guhumanya bwiyemeje kuba 80°C, na dosiye ya hydrogen peroxide ni 5%. Muri icyo gihe, ukurikije ibisubizo byubushakashatsi, igihe cyo guhumeka hydrogène peroxide ntigira ingaruka nke ku ngaruka zo guhumeka, kandi igihe kimwe cyo guhumanya icyiciro cya hydrogen peroxide cyatoranijwe nkiminota 80.

Ukurikije uburyo bwa hydrogène peroxide yatoranijwe bwo guhumeka, laboratoire yakoze umubare munini wubushakashatsi bwakorewe inshuro nyinshi, kandi ibisubizo byubushakashatsi byerekana ko ibipimo byubushakashatsi bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byateganijwe.

3. Umwanzuro

Ukurikije ibyo umukiriya asabwa, binyuze mu kizamini kimwe hamwe no gupima orthogonal, hamwe nubushobozi bwibikoresho bya sosiyete hamwe nigiciro cy’umusaruro, ibipimo byerekana umusaruro wibicuruzwa byinshi bya viscosity pulp kuri selulose ether byagenwe kuburyo bukurikira: (1) Uburyo bwo guteka: koresha 9 % ya alkali, guteka Ubushyuhe ni 115°C, kandi gufata umwanya ni iminota 70. . mu gice cya hydrogen peroxide, ubushyuhe bwo guhumeka ni 80°C, igipimo cya hydrogen peroxide ni 5%, naho igihe cyo guhumeka ni iminota 80; Igice cyo kuvura aside, ukurikije inzira isanzwe yisosiyete.

Umuvuduko mwinshi wo hejuruselile etherni ipamba idasanzwe hamwe na progaramu yagutse kandi yongerewe agaciro. Hashingiwe ku mubare munini wubushakashatsi, isosiyete yigenga yateje imbere uburyo bwo gukora ibicuruzwa biva mu bwoko bwa selulose ether. Kugeza ubu, ifumbire mvaruganda ya selulose ether yabaye imwe mu moko akomeye y’isosiyete ikora imiti ya Kima Chemical, kandi ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa bwamenyekanye kandi bushimwa n’abakiriya mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo.