Ibyiza bya gypsum

Ingaruka za selile ya ether ya selulose mukugumana amazi ya gypsum ya gulfum yasuzumwe nuburyo butatu bwo gupima uburyo bwo gufata amazi ya gypsum, hanyuma ibisubizo byikigereranyo biragereranywa birasesengurwa. Hakozwe ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka za selulose ether yibitseho amazi, imbaraga zo guhonyora, imbaraga zidasanzwe hamwe nimbaraga za gypsum mortar. Ibisubizo byerekana ko kwinjizamo ether ya selile bizagabanya imbaraga zo gukomeretsa za gypsumu, bizamura cyane gufata amazi no guhuza imbaraga, ariko bigira ingaruka nke kumbaraga zoroshye.

Amagambo y'ingenzi:kubika amazi; selile ether; gypsum

Ether ya selile ni ibikoresho bya polymer byamazi byamazi, bitunganyirizwa muri selile karemano binyuze mumashanyarazi ya alkali, grafting reaction (etherification), gukaraba, kumisha, gusya nibindi bikorwa. Ether ya selile irashobora gukoreshwa nkigikoresho cyo gufata amazi, kubyimbye, guhuza, gutatanya, stabilisateur, guhagarika ibikorwa, emulisiferi no gufasha gukora firime, nibindi. ya minisiteri, so selulose ether niyo ikoreshwa cyane mumazi ashonga polymer muri minisiteri. Ether ya selile ikoreshwa kenshi nkibikoresho bigumana amazi muri (desulfurisation) gypsum. Imyaka myinshi y'ubushakashatsi yerekanye ko umukozi ugumana amazi agira uruhare runini ku bwiza bwa plaster ndetse no mu mikorere ya anti-plasting. Kubika amazi meza birashobora kwemeza ko plaster yuzuye Hydrates, ikemeza imbaraga zikenewe, igahindura imiterere ya rheologiya ya stucco. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa cyane gupima neza imikorere yo gufata amazi ya gypsumu. Kubera iyo mpamvu, umwanditsi yagereranije uburyo bubiri busanzwe bwo gupima amazi ya minisiteri kugira ngo hamenyekane neza ibisubizo bya selile ya selile ku mikorere yo gufata amazi ya gypsumu, no gusuzuma imiterere y’ubukorikori bwa selile ya ether kuri gypsumu. Ingaruka ya, yageragejwe mubigeragezo.

1. Ikizamini

1.1 Ibikoresho bibisi

Gypsum ya Desulfurisation: Gypsum ya flue gas desulfurisation ya Shanghai Shidongkou No 2 Urugomero rwamashanyarazi ruboneka mukumisha kuri 60°C no kubara kuri 180°C. Ether ya Cellulose: methyl hydroxypropyl selulose ether yatanzwe na Kima Chemical Company, hamwe nubwiza bwa 20000mPa·S; umucanga ni umucanga wo hagati.

1.2 Uburyo bwo kugerageza

1.2.1 Uburyo bwo gupima igipimo cyo gufata amazi

. amazi. Shira umuyoboro wa Buchner kumacupa ya suction, utangire pompe ya vacuum, uyungurure muminota 1, ukureho umuyoboro wa Buchner, uhanagura amazi asigaye hepfo hamwe nimpapuro zungurura hanyuma upime (G1), neza na 0.1g. Shira gypsum slurry hamwe nurwego rusanzwe rwo gukwirakwiza no gukoresha amazi mumashanyarazi ya Buchner yapimwe, hanyuma ukoreshe scraper ya T kugirango uzunguruke uhagarike muri ruhurura kugirango uringanize, kugirango ubunini bwikibabi bugumane murwego rwa (10±0.5) mm. Ihanagura gypsumu isigaye kurukuta rwimbere rwa feri ya Buchner, ipima (G2), neza na 0.1g. Igihe cyigihe cyo kurangiza gukurura kugeza kurangiza gupima ntigomba kurenza 5min. Shira feri ya Buchner ipima kuri filteri ya flash hanyuma utangire pompe vacuum. Hindura igitutu kibi kuri (53.33±0.67) kPa cyangwa (400±5) mm Hg mu masegonda 30. Kunywa muyungurura muminota 20, hanyuma ukureho umuyoboro wa Buchner, uhanagura amazi asigaye mumunwa wo hepfo hamwe nimpapuro zungurura, upima (G3), neza na 0.1g.

. Ubwoko bwimpapuro zikoreshwa ni: (a) urwego 1 rwihuta-rwungurura rwunguruzo rwihuta ruhuza na slurry; (b) Ibice 5 byiyungurura impapuro zo kuyungurura buhoro. Isahani ya plastike ikora nka pallet, kandi yicaye kumeza. Kuramo uburemere bwa disiki ya plastike hamwe nurupapuro rwo kuyungurura buhoro (misa ni M0). Nyuma yo guhomesha paris ivanze namazi kugirango ibe ibicucu, ihita isukwa muri silinderi (diameter y'imbere 56mm, uburebure bwa 55mm) itwikiriwe nimpapuro. Nyuma yo gusebanya guhura nimpapuro ziyungurura muminota 15, ongera upime impapuro ziyungurura gahoro gahoro na pallet (misa M1). Kugumana amazi ya pompe bigaragazwa nuburemere bwamazi yakiriwe kuri santimetero kare yubuso bwikibanza cyimpapuro zidashungura, ni ukuvuga: kwinjiza amazi yimpapuro zungurura = (M1-M0) /24.63

(3) Shungura uburyo bwo gufata amazi (2) -umuvuduko wujuje ubuziranenge impapuro. Uzuza ivangwa rya minisiteri mubigeragezo icyarimwe, hanyuma ushyiremo kandi ubikubite inshuro nyinshi hamwe na spatula. Iyo minisiteri yuzuye iri hejuru gato yuruhande rwikigeragezo, koresha spatula kugirango ukureho minisiteri irenze hejuru yikigereranyo cyikigereranyo ku mpande ya dogere 450, hanyuma hanyuma ukoreshe spatula kugirango usibanganye ikibanza cya minisiteri. ubuso bwibizamini byuburyo bugereranije. Kuraho minisiteri kumpera yikizamini, hanyuma upime misa yose ya m3 yikigereranyo, urupapuro rwo hasi rutemerwa na minisiteri. Gupfukirana ubuso bwa minisiteri ukoresheje akayunguruzo, shyira ibice 15 byimpapuro zungurura hejuru ya ecran ya filteri, upfundike hejuru yimpapuro ziyungurura urupapuro rutemerwa, hanyuma ukande urupapuro rutemerwa rufite uburemere bwa 2kg. Nyuma yo guhagarara muminota 2, kura ibintu biremereye nimpapuro zidashobora kwinjizwa, fata impapuro ziyungurura (ukuyemo ecran ya ecran), hanyuma upime vuba impapuro zungurura m4. Kubara ubuhehere buri muri minisiteri uhereye ku kigereranyo cya minisiteri n'amazi yongeyeho.

1.2.2 Uburyo bwo kugerageza imbaraga zo gukomeretsa, imbaraga zingirakamaro nimbaraga zubumwe

Gypsum mortar compressive strength, imbaraga zingirakamaro, ikizamini cyingufu zingirakamaro hamwe nibizamini bifitanye isano bikorwa hakurikijwe intambwe yo gukora muri "Plastering Gypsum" GB / T 28627-2012.

2. Ibisubizo by'ibizamini n'isesengura

2.1 Ingaruka za selulose ether mukubika amazi ya minisiteri - kugereranya uburyo butandukanye bwo gupima

Kugirango ugereranye itandukaniro ryuburyo butandukanye bwo gufata amazi, uburyo butatu bwageragejwe kuri formula imwe ya gypsumu.

Uhereye kubigereranyo byo kugereranya ibisubizo byuburyo butatu butandukanye, birashobora kugaragara ko mugihe umubare wibikoresho bigumana amazi wiyongereye kuva kuri 0 ukagera kuri 0.1%, ibisubizo byikizamini ukoresheje uburyo bwo kuyungurura impapuro zungurura amazi (1) bigabanuka kuva kuri 150.0mg / cm² kugeza kuri 8.1mg / cm² , yagabanutseho 94,6%; igipimo cyo gufata amazi ya minisiteri yapimwe nuburyo bwo kuyungurura impapuro zungurura amazi (2) yavuye kuri 95.9% igera kuri 99.9%, naho igipimo cyo gufata amazi cyiyongereyeho 4% gusa; ibisubizo by'ibizamini byuburyo bwa vacuum bwiyongereyeho 69% .8% byiyongereye kugera kuri 96.0%, igipimo cyo gufata amazi cyiyongereyeho 37.5%.

Birashobora kugaragara muri ibi ko igipimo cyo gufata amazi gipimwa nuburyo bwo kuyungurura amazi yo muyungurura (2) ntishobora gufungura itandukaniro mumikorere na dosiye yumukozi ugumana amazi, ibyo bikaba bidahuye nikizamini nyacyo no guca imanza za igipimo cyo kubika amazi ya minisiteri yubucuruzi ya gypsum, nuburyo bwo kuyungurura vacuum ni ukubera ko habaho guswera ku gahato, bityo itandukaniro ryamakuru rishobora gufungurwa ku gahato kugirango ryerekane itandukaniro ryo kubika amazi. Muri icyo gihe, ibisubizo byikizamini ukoresheje akayunguruzo k'impapuro uburyo bwo kwinjiza amazi (1) bihindagurika cyane hamwe nubunini bwibikoresho bigumana amazi, bishobora kurushaho kwagura itandukaniro riri hagati yumubare wogukoresha amazi nubwoko butandukanye. Ariko, kubera ko igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi yimpapuro zungurujwe zapimwe nubu buryo ni ubwinshi bwamazi yakiriwe nimpapuro zungurura kuri buri gace, mugihe amazi yo gukoresha amazi atandukanye ya minisiteri atandukana nubwoko, dosiye nubukonje bwa amazi agumana amazi avanze, ibisubizo byikizamini ntibishobora kwerekana neza kugumana amazi nyayo ya minisiteri. Igipimo.

Muri make, uburyo bwo gukuramo vacuum burashobora gutandukanya neza imikorere myiza yo gufata amazi ya minisiteri, kandi ntabwo ihindurwa no gukoresha amazi ya minisiteri. Nubwo ibisubizo byikizamini cyuburyo bwo kuyungurura amazi (1) bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yamazi ya minisiteri, kubera intambwe yoroshye yo gukora igerageza, imikorere yo gufata amazi ya minisiteri irashobora kugereranywa muburyo bumwe.

Ikigereranyo cya gypsum igizwe nibikoresho bya simaitima n'umucanga wo hagati ni 1: 2.5. Hindura umubare wamazi uhindura ingano ya selile. Hakozwe ubushakashatsi ku ngaruka zikubiye muri selile ya selile ku gipimo cyo gufata amazi ya gypsumu. Duhereye ku bisubizo by'ibizamini, birashobora kugaragara ko hamwe no kwiyongera kwa selile ya ether ya selile, kubika amazi ya minisiteri byateye imbere cyane; iyo ibiri muri selulose ether bigeze kuri 0% yumubare wuzuye wa minisiteri．Hafi ya 10%, umurongo wo gukuramo amazi yimpapuro ziyungurura zikunda kuba nziza.

Imiterere ya selile ya selile irimo hydroxyl matsinda hamwe na ether. Atome ziri muri ayo matsinda zifatanya na molekile zamazi kugirango zibe imigozi ya hydrogène, kugirango molekile zamazi zubusa zihinduke amazi aboshye, bityo bigire uruhare runini mukubungabunga amazi. Muri minisiteri, kugirango ihuze, gypsumu ikenera amazi Kubona amazi. Umubare wuzuye wa selulose ether urashobora kugumana ubuhehere muri minisiteri igihe kinini gihagije, kugirango igenamigambi no gukomera birashobora gukomeza. Iyo igipimo cyacyo ari kinini cyane, ntabwo ingaruka ziterambere gusa zitagaragara, ariko nigiciro kiziyongera, bityo dosiye yumvikana ni ngombwa cyane. Urebye imikorere nubudasa bwibintu bitandukanye bigumana amazi atandukanye, ibikubiye muri selile ya selile yiyemeje kuba 0,10% yumubare wuzuye wa minisiteri.

2.2 Ingaruka yibigize selile ya ether kumiterere ya gypsumu

2.2.1 Ingaruka ku mbaraga zo guhonyora n'imbaraga zoroshye

Ikigereranyo cya gypsum igizwe nibikoresho bya simaitima n'umucanga wo hagati ni 1: 2.5. Hindura ingano ya selile ether hanyuma uhindure amazi. Duhereye ku bisubizo byubushakashatsi, birashobora kugaragara ko hamwe no kwiyongera kwibirimo bya selile ya ether, imbaraga zo kwikuramo zifite icyerekezo gikomeye cyo kumanuka, kandi imbaraga zidasanzwe ntizihinduka zigaragara.

Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa selile ya ether, imbaraga za 7d compressive ya minisiteri yagabanutse. Ubuvanganzo [6] bwizera ko ibyo biterwa ahanini nuko: (1) iyo ether ya selile yongeyeho kuri minisiteri, polymers zihindagurika mu byobo bya minisiteri ziyongera, kandi izo polimeri zoroshye ntizishobora gutanga inkunga ikaze mugihe matrike ikomatanyirijwe hamwe. ingaruka, kugirango imbaraga zo kwikuramo za minisiteri zigabanuke (umwanditsi wuru rupapuro yizera ko ingano ya selile ya ether polymer ari nto cyane, kandi ingaruka zatewe nigitutu zishobora kwirengagizwa); . kandi bigabanya imbaraga z'umubiri ukomye kurwanya imbaraga zo hanze, bityo bikagabanya imbaraga zo kwikomeretsa za minisiteri (3) Iyo minisiteri yumye ivanze ivanze namazi, selile ya ether selile yabanje kwerekanwa hejuru yubutaka bwa sima kugeza gukora firime ya latex, igabanya hydration ya gypsumu, bityo bikagabanya imbaraga za minisiteri. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa selile ya ether, igipimo cyo kugwiza ibintu cyaragabanutse. Ariko, mugihe umubare ari munini cyane, imikorere ya minisiteri izagabanuka, ibyo bigaragazwa nuko minisiteri iba igaragara cyane, byoroshye gukomera ku cyuma, kandi bigoye gukwirakwira mugihe cyo kubaka. Muri icyo gihe, urebye ko igipimo cyo gufata amazi kigomba no kuba cyujuje ibisabwa, ingano ya selile ya selile yiyemeje kuba 0,05% kugeza 0.10% y’amafaranga yose ya minisiteri.

2.2.2 Ingaruka ku mbaraga zingirakamaro

Ether ya selile yitwa agent igumana amazi, kandi imikorere yayo ni ukongera igipimo cyo gufata amazi. Ikigamijwe ni ukugumana ubuhehere buri muri gypsum, cyane cyane nyuma yo gushyirwaho gypsum ku rukuta, ubuhehere ntibuzakirwa nibikoresho byurukuta, kugirango habeho kugumana ubushuhe bwa gypsum kuri interineti. Hydration reaction, kugirango tumenye imbaraga zubusabane bwimbere. Komeza igipimo cya gypsum compte cimentitifike kumusenyi wo hagati kuri 1: 2.5. Hindura ingano ya selile ether hanyuma uhindure amazi.

Birashobora kugaragara mubisubizo byikizamini ko hamwe no kwiyongera kwa selile ya ether, nubwo imbaraga zo kwikuramo zigabanuka, imbaraga zumubano wa tensile ziyongera buhoro buhoro. Kwiyongera kwa selile ya selile irashobora gukora firime yoroheje ya polymer hagati ya selile ya selile na selile. Filime ya selulose ether polymer izashonga mumazi, ariko mugihe cyumutse, kubera ubworoherane bwayo, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukumira Uruhare rwo guhumeka neza. Filime igira kashe, itezimbere umwuma wa minisiteri. Bitewe no gufata neza amazi ya selile ya selile, amazi ahagije abikwa imbere muri minisiteri, bityo bigatuma iterambere ryuzuye ryogukomera hamwe nimbaraga, kandi bikazamura imbaraga zihuza za minisiteri. Byongeye kandi, kongeramo ether ya selile itezimbere ubumwe bwa minisiteri, kandi bigatuma minisiteri ifite plastike nziza kandi ihindagurika, ibyo bigatuma na minisiteri ibasha guhuza neza no kugabanuka kwimiterere ya substrate, bityo bikazamura imbaraga zubucuti bwa minisiteri. . Hamwe no kwiyongera kwibirimo bya selile ya ether, gufatana na gypsum mortar kubintu fatizo byiyongera. Iyo imbaraga zihuza za gypsumu yo guhomesha igipande cyo hasi ni> 0.4MPa, imbaraga zoguhuza zujuje ibyangombwa kandi zujuje ubuziranenge bwa "Plastering Gypsum" GB / T2827.2012. Nyamara, urebye ko selile ya ether ya selile ari 0,10% B ya santimetero B, imbaraga ntabwo zujuje ibisabwa, bityo selile ikaba yiyemeje kuba 0.15% yumubare wuzuye wa minisiteri.

3. Umwanzuro

. gypsum yubucuruzi. Uburyo bwo gukuramo vacuum burashobora gutandukanya neza imikorere myiza yo gufata amazi ya minisiteri, kandi ntibiterwa no gukoresha amazi ya minisiteri. Nubwo ibisubizo byikizamini cyuburyo bwo kuyungurura amazi (1) bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yamazi ya minisiteri, kubera intambwe yoroshye yo gukora igerageza, imikorere yo gufata amazi ya minisiteri irashobora kugereranywa muburyo bumwe.

(2) Ubwiyongere bwibiri muri selulose ether butuma amazi agumana gypsum.

. Cellulose ether ntacyo igira ku mbaraga zoroshye za minisiteri, bityo igipimo cyo kugwiza za minisiteri kiragabanuka.