Ether selile yahinduwe ni itsinda ritandukanye ryimiti ikomoka kuri selile, polymer karemano iboneka murukuta rwibimera. Cellulose numurongo wumurongo wa polymer ugizwe nibice bya glucose bihujwe hamwe na β-1,4-glycosidic. Nibintu byinshi cyane bya polymer karemano kwisi kandi bifite ibintu byinshi byingirakamaro nkimbaraga nyinshi, ubucucike buke, ibinyabuzima bishobora kwangirika, no kuvugurura.
Ethers yahinduwe ya selile ikorwa mugutangiza amatsinda atandukanye yimiti muri molekile ya selile, ihindura imiterere yumubiri nubumara. Ihinduka rishobora kugerwaho muburyo butandukanye, harimo etherification, esterification, na okiside. Ibisubizo byahinduwe bya selulose ethers ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo gukoresha mubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo ibiryo, imiti, amavuta yo kwisiga, ubwubatsi, hamwe n imyenda.
Ubwoko bumwe busanzwe bwa selulose ether ni methyl selulose (MC), ikorwa mugukora selile hamwe na methyl chloride. MC ni polymer idafite ionic, ibora amazi-ikoreshwa cyane mugukoresha umubyimba mubiryo, nkumuhuza mububumbyi, kandi nkigipfundikizo mugukora impapuro. MC ifite ibyiza byinshi kurenza ibindi binini, nkubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora gele ibonerana, uburozi bwayo buke, hamwe no kurwanya kwangirika kwa enzyme.
Ubundi bwoko bwa selile yahinduwe ni hydroxypropyl methyl selulose (HPMC), ikorwa mugukora selile hamwe nuruvange rwa oxyde ya propylene na chloride methyl. HPMC ni polymer idafite ionic, iboneka mu mazi ikoreshwa cyane nk'umubyimba mwinshi mu biribwa n'ibicuruzwa byita ku muntu ku giti cye, nk'umuhuza mu miti ya farumasi, kandi nk'igitambaro mu nganda zubaka. HPMC ifite ibyiza byinshi kurindi zibyibushye, nkubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora gele ihamye kumurengera muke, ubukonje bwayo bwinshi mubushyuhe buke, no guhuza hamwe nibindi bintu byinshi.
Carboxymethyl selulose (CMC) nubundi bwoko bwa selile yahinduwe ya selile ikorwa no gukora selile hamwe na acide monochloroacetic. CMC ni polymer-eruble polymer ikoreshwa cyane nkigikoresho cyo kubyimba, stabilisateur, na emulisiferi mu biribwa, imiti, n’ibicuruzwa byita ku muntu. CMC ifite ibyiza byinshi kurenza ibindi binini, nkubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora gele ibonerana, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufata amazi, hamwe no kurwanya kwangirika kwa enzyme.
Ethyl selulose (EC) ni ubwoko bwa selile yahinduwe ya selile ikorwa no gukora selile hamwe na chloride ya Ethyl. EC ni polymer idafite ionic, amazi adashobora gushonga ikoreshwa cyane nkigifuniko munganda zimiti. EC ifite ibyiza byinshi kurenza izindi myenda, nkubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora firime ikomeza, ubukonje bwayo buke, hamwe no kurwanya ubushuhe nubushyuhe.
Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) nubundi bwoko bwa selile yahinduwe ya selile ikorwa no gukora selile hamwe na okiside ya Ethylene. HEC ni polymer yamashanyarazi ikoreshwa cyane mugukoresha umubyimba mubicuruzwa byumuntu ku giti cye ndetse no guhuza ibinini bya farumasi. HEC ifite ibyiza byinshi kurenza ibindi binini, nkubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora gele ibonerana, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufata amazi, hamwe no guhuza nibindi bintu byinshi.
Imiterere nibisabwa bya selile yahinduwe biterwa nibintu byinshi, nkubwoko bwitsinda ryimiti ryatangijwe, urwego rwo gusimburwa, uburemere bwa molekile, hamwe no gukomera. Kurugero, kongera urwego rwo gusimbuza MC cyangwa HPMC birashobora kongera ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi nubukonje, mugihe bigabanya imbaraga zabo. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, kongera uburemere bwa molekuline ya CMC birashobora kongera ububobere bwayo nubushobozi bwo gukora geles, mugihe bigabanya ubushobozi bwo gufata amazi.
Porogaramu ya selile yahinduwe ni myinshi kandi iratandukanye. Mu nganda z’ibiribwa, zikoreshwa nkibintu byongera umubyimba, stabilisateur, na emulisiferi mu bicuruzwa bitandukanye, birimo isupu, isosi, imyambarire, hamwe n’ubutayu. Ethers ya selulose yahinduwe nayo ikoreshwa mugukora ibiryo birimo amavuta make na karori nkeya, kuko bishobora kwigana imiterere hamwe numunwa wamavuta utongeyeho kalori. Mubyongeyeho, bikoreshwa nkibifuniko na glazes mubicuruzwa bikarishye kugirango bongere isura yabo nubuzima bwabo.
Mu nganda zimiti, ethers yahinduwe ya selile ikoreshwa nka binders, disintegrants, hamwe na coatings mubinini na capsules. Zikoreshwa kandi nkibihindura viscosity muguhindura amazi, nka sirupe no guhagarikwa. Ethers yahinduwe ya selile ikundwa kuruta izindi zikoreshwa, kuko zidafite imbaraga, ibinyabuzima, kandi bifite uburozi buke. Batanga kandi urwego rwo hejuru kugenzura igipimo cyo kurekura ibiyobyabwenge, bishobora kuzamura imikorere n’umutekano.
Mu nganda zo kwisiga, ethers yahinduwe ya selile ikoreshwa nkibibyimbye, emulisiferi, na stabilisateur mumavuta, amavuta yo kwisiga, na geles. Zikoreshwa kandi nkibikoresho byo gukora firime mubicuruzwa byita kumisatsi, nka shampo na kondereti. Ethers yahinduwe ya selile irashobora kunoza imiterere nigaragara ryibintu byo kwisiga, kimwe no kongera imbaraga no guhagarara neza.
Mu nganda zubaka, ethers ya selulose yahinduwe ikoreshwa nkibibyimbye, ibifunga, hamwe nogukoresha amazi muri sima, minisiteri, na pompe. Barashobora kunoza imikorere, guhuzagurika, nimbaraga zibi bikoresho, kimwe no kugabanya kugabanuka no gucika. Ethers yahinduwe ya selile nayo ikoreshwa nkibipfundikizo hamwe nugufata mu rukuta no hasi.
Mu nganda z’imyenda, selile yahinduwe ya selile ikoreshwa nkibikoresho binini kandi binini mu gukora imyenda nudodo. Bashobora kunoza imikorere no kuboha imyenda, kimwe no kongera imbaraga nigihe kirekire.
Muri rusange, selile yahinduwe ya selile iratandukanye kandi ifite agaciro gakoreshwa mubikorwa byinshi mubikorwa bitandukanye. Zitanga inyungu nyinshi kurenza izindi polymers, nka biocompatibilité, biodegradability, na kamere ishobora kuvugururwa. Batanga kandi urwego rwo hejuru rwo kugenzura imiterere yumubiri nubumara byibicuruzwa, bishobora kuzamura ubwiza bwimikorere. Nkibyo, ethers yahinduwe ya selile irashobora gukomeza kugira uruhare runini mugutezimbere ibicuruzwa bishya kandi bishya mugihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-22-2023