1. Incamake yibanze yinganda:
Ethers ya selile idafite ionic harimo HPMC, HEC, MHEC, MC, HPC, nibindi, kandi ikoreshwa cyane nkibikoresho byo gukora firime, binders, dispersants, ibikoresho bigumana amazi, kubyimba, emulisiferi na stabilisateur, nibindi, bikoreshwa cyane. mubice byinshi nkibifuniko, ibikoresho byubwubatsi, ibikomoka ku miti ya buri munsi, ubushakashatsi bwa peteroli na gaze, ubuvuzi, ibiryo, imyenda, gukora impapuro, nibindi, muribyo byinshi murwego rwo gutwikira hamwe nibikoresho byubaka.
Ionic selulose ethers ni CMC nibicuruzwa byahinduwe PAC. Ugereranije na ether ya selile idafite ionic, ether ya selile ya ionic selile irwanya ubushyuhe buke, kurwanya umunyu no guhagarara neza, kandi imikorere yabo igira ingaruka cyane kwisi. Kandi biroroshye kubyitwaramo na Ca2 + ikubiye mubitambaro bimwe na bimwe byubaka kugirango bitange imvura, bityo ntibikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye nibikoresho byubaka. Nyamara, kubera ubwiza bwamazi meza, kubyimba, guhuza, gushiraho firime, kugumana ubushuhe no gutatana neza, hamwe nikoranabuhanga ribyara umusaruro ukuze hamwe nigiciro gito ugereranije n’umusaruro muke, rikoreshwa cyane cyane mumashanyarazi, gushakisha peteroli na gaze hamwe ninyongeramusaruro nizindi nzego .
2. Amateka yiterambere ryinganda:
History Amateka yiterambere ryinganda zitari ionic selulose ether: Mu 1905, etherifisation ya selile yamenyekanye bwa mbere kwisi, ikoresheje dimethyl sulfate na selile ya alkali yabyimbye methylation. Ether ya selile ya nonionic yatanzwe na Lilienfeld mu 1912, naho Dreyfus (1914) na Leuchs (1920) babona amazi ya elegitoronike ya elegitoronike. Hubert yakoze HEC mu 1920. Mu ntangiriro ya 1920, carboxymethylcellulose yagurishijwe mu Budage. Kuva 1937 kugeza 1938, Amerika yatahuye umusaruro winganda za MC na HEC. Nyuma ya 1945, umusaruro wa selulose ether wagutse vuba muburayi bwiburengerazuba, Amerika n'Ubuyapani. Nyuma yimyaka hafi ijana yiterambere, ether-ionic selulose ether yahindutse ibikoresho byimiti ikoreshwa cyane kwisi.
Haracyariho icyuho runaka hagati y’ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere n'ibihugu byateye imbere ukurikije urwego rw'umusaruro n'umusaruro ukoreshwa mu bicuruzwa bitari ionic selulose ethers. Ku bijyanye n'ikoranabuhanga ry'umusaruro, ibihugu byateye imbere nk'Uburayi, Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, n'Ubuyapani bifite ikoranabuhanga n'ikoranabuhanga bikuze, kandi ahanini bitanga ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru nko gutwikira, ibiryo, n'ubuvuzi; ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere bikenera cyane CMC na HPMC, kandi ikoranabuhanga riragoye kubyara ibicuruzwa bya selile ya ether hamwe nibisabwa biri hasi cyane nibyo bicuruzwa nyamukuru, kandi urwego rwibikoresho byubaka nisoko nyamukuru ryabaguzi.
Kubireba imirima ikoreshwa, ibihugu byateye imbere nku Burayi na Amerika byashizeho urwego rwuzuye kandi rukuze rwinganda kubicuruzwa byabo bya selile ya selile bitewe nibintu nko gutangira hakiri kare n'imbaraga zikomeye za R&D, kandi ibyifuzo byo hasi bikubiyemo imirima myinshi ya ubukungu bw'igihugu; mugihe ibihugu biri mu nzira y'amajyambere Bitewe nigihe gito cyiterambere ryinganda za selulose ether, urugero rwo gusaba ni ruto ugereranije nibihugu byateye imbere. Ariko, hamwe niterambere ryiterambere gahoro gahoro urwego rwiterambere ryubukungu bwibihugu bikiri mu nzira y'amajyambere, urwego rwinganda rugenda rutunganywa, kandi uburyo bwo gusaba bukomeza kwaguka.
HistoryHEC amateka yiterambere ryinganda: HEC ningirakamaro ya hydroxyalkyl selulose hamwe na selile yamashanyarazi ya ether hamwe nubunini bwinshi ku isi.
Gukoresha okiside ya etilene ya aside nka etherification yo gutegura HEC yashyizeho uburyo bushya bwo gukora selile ya ether. Ubuhanga bwibanze hamwe nubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro byibanda cyane mubukora imiti nini muburayi, Amerika, Ubuyapani, na Koreya yepfo. HEC mu gihugu cyanjye yatunganijwe bwa mbere mu 1977 n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’ubushakashatsi cya Wuxi n’ibicuruzwa bya Harbin. Nyamara, kubera ibintu nkikoranabuhanga risubira inyuma hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bitameze neza, ntibyashoboye gukora irushanwa ryiza n’abakora ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga. Mu myaka yashize, abakora ibicuruzwa mu gihugu nka Yin Ying Ibikoresho bishya bagiye baca intege buhoro buhoro inzitizi za tekiniki, batezimbere uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro, bashiraho ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge, kandi byashyizwe mu rwego rwo gutanga amasoko n’abakora ibicuruzwa byo hasi, bikomeza guteza imbere inzira y’imbere mu gihugu gusimburwa.
3. Ibipimo byingenzi byerekana imikorere nuburyo bwo gutegura selile ionic selulose ether:
.
. Bitewe nuburyo bukangura, igipimo cyibintu nuburyo bwibikoresho fatizo, nibindi. Mubyukuri nukuvuga, ether ya selile yabonetse kubisubizo bya heterogeneous byose ntabwo ari kimwe, kandi hariho itandukaniro mumwanya, ubwinshi nibicuruzwa byera mumatsinda ya ether, ni ukuvuga ibyabonetse ether ya selile iri kumurongo utandukanye wa selile ya macromolecular, Umubare nogukwirakwiza insimburangingo kumatsinda atandukanye ya glucose kumpeta imwe ya macromolecule imwe na C (2), C (3) na C (6) kuri buri tsinda ryimpeta ya selile iratandukanye. Nigute wakemura ikibazo cyo gusimburwa kutaringaniye nurufunguzo rwo kugenzura ibikorwa mubikorwa bya selile ether.
Mu ncamake, kuvura ibikoresho fatizo, alkalisation, etherification, gutunganya neza gukaraba nibindi bikorwa mugikorwa cyo kubyaza umusaruro utari ionic selulose ether byose bifite ibisabwa cyane muburyo bwo gutegura ikoranabuhanga, kugenzura ibikorwa nibikoresho byo gukora; icyarimwe, umusaruro mwinshi wibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge bisaba uburambe bukomeye hamwe nubushobozi bwo gutunganya umusaruro.
4. Isesengura ryimiterere yisoko:
Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa bya HEC bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’imyenda, imiti ya buri munsi no kurengera ibidukikije, ariko ibicuruzwa ubwabyo birashobora no gukoreshwa mu zindi nzego nyinshi nko kurya, ubuvuzi, peteroli na gaze; Ibicuruzwa bya MHEC bikoreshwa cyane mubijyanye nibikoresho byubaka.
(1)Umwanya wo gutwikira:
Kwiyongeraho inyongeramusaruro ningirakamaro cyane mubicuruzwa bya HEC. Ugereranije nizindi ethers ya selile idafite ionic, HEC ifite ibyiza bigaragara nkinyongeramusaruro: Icya mbere, HEC ifite uburyo bwiza bwo guhunika, bushobora kunoza neza igitero cyo guhagarika imisemburo y’ibinyabuzima ku bice bya glucose kugirango igumane ubukonje, urebe neza ko igifuniko kitazabaho. kugaragara gusiba nyuma yigihe cyo kubika; icya kabiri, HEC ifite solubilité nziza, HEC irashobora gushonga mumazi ashyushye cyangwa akonje, kandi ikagira igihe runaka cyo gutinda hydrasiyo iyo yashonze mumazi akonje, kandi ntizatera ihuriro rya gel, Gukwirakwiza neza no gukemuka; Icya gatatu, HEC ifite iterambere ryiza ryamabara hamwe no kutumvikana neza hamwe namabara menshi, kuburyo irangi ryateguwe rifite ibara ryiza kandi rihamye.
(2)Umwanya wo kubaka ibikoresho:
Nubwo HEC ishobora kuzuza ibisabwa byongeweho selile ya selile mubijyanye nibikoresho byubwubatsi, kubera igiciro cyayo kinini cyo kuyitegura, hamwe nibisabwa bike ugereranije nibicuruzwa hamwe nibikorwa bya minisiteri na putty ugereranije na coatings, ibikoresho bisanzwe byubaka akenshi bihitamo HPMC cyangwa MHEC nkibyingenzi byingenzi bya selile. Ugereranije na HPMC, imiterere yimiti ya MHEC ifite amatsinda menshi ya hydrophilique, bityo rero irahagaze neza mubushyuhe bwinshi, ni ukuvuga ko ifite ubushyuhe bwiza. Mubyongeyeho, ugereranije nubwubatsi bwibikoresho byo mu rwego rwa HPMC, bifite ubushyuhe buri hejuru ya gel, kandi kubika amazi no gufatira hamwe birakomera iyo bikoreshejwe ahantu hafite ubushyuhe bwinshi.
(3)Imirima ya buri munsi:
Ethers ya selile ikunze gukoreshwa mumiti ya buri munsi ni CMC na HEC. Ugereranije na CMC, HEC ifite ibyiza bimwe mubufatanye, kurwanya solvent no gutuza. Kurugero, CMC irashobora gukoreshwa nkibifatika kubicuruzwa bisanzwe bya chimique ya buri munsi idafite formulaire yinyongera idasanzwe. Nyamara, anionic CMC yunvikana cyane kuri ion yibanda cyane, bizagabanya imikorere ifatika ya CMC, kandi gukoresha CMC mubicuruzwa bidasanzwe bya chimique bikora buri munsi. Gukoresha HEC nkuko binder byongera imikorere ya binder kurwanya ion-yibanda cyane, itezimbere cyane ububiko bwibicuruzwa bya chimique ya buri munsi kandi byongerera igihe cyo kubika.
(4)Umwanya wo kurengera ibidukikije:
Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa bya HEC bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gufatira hamwe no mu zindi nzego z’ibicuruzwa byitwa ceramic ceramic. Ubwikorezi bwa ceramic ceramic bukoreshwa cyane cyane muri sisitemu nyuma yo kuvura moteri yaka imbere nk'imodoka n'amato, kandi ikagira uruhare mu gutunganya gaze ya gaze kugirango yujuje ubuziranenge.
5. Imiterere yisoko iriho ubu mugihugu no mumahanga:
(1)Incamake yisoko rya nonionic selulose ether isoko:
Duhereye ku gukwirakwiza ubushobozi bw’umusaruro ku isi, 43% by’umusaruro rusange wa selulose ether ku isi muri 2018 waturutse muri Aziya (Ubushinwa bwagize 79% by’umusaruro wa Aziya), Uburayi bw’iburengerazuba bugera kuri 36%, naho Amerika y'Amajyaruguru bingana na 8%. Urebye uko isi ikenera ether ya selile, ikoreshwa rya selile ya selile ku isi muri 2018 ni toni miliyoni 1.1. Kuva muri 2018 kugeza 2023, ikoreshwa rya selile ya selile iziyongera ku kigereranyo cya buri mwaka kingana na 2.9%.
Hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cyumubare rusange wa selulose kwisi yose ni ionic selulose (ihagarariwe na CMC), ikoreshwa cyane cyane mumashanyarazi, inyongeramusaruro ya peteroli ninyongeramusaruro; hafi kimwe cya gatatu ni non-ionic methyl selulose hamwe nibiyikomokaho (bihagarariwe na HPMC), naho kimwe cya gatandatu gisigaye ni hydroxyethyl selulose hamwe nibiyikomokaho hamwe na ethers ya selile. Ubwiyongere bukenewe kuri ether ya selile idafite ionic iterwa ahanini nibisabwa mubikoresho byubaka, gutwikira, ibiryo, imiti, n’imiti ya buri munsi. Urebye isaranganya ryakarere ryisoko ryabaguzi, isoko rya Aziya nisoko ryihuta cyane. Kuva mu 2014 kugeza 2019, umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere buri mwaka ukenera selile ya selile muri Aziya wageze kuri 8.24%. Muri byo, icyifuzo nyamukuru muri Aziya gituruka mu Bushinwa, bingana na 23% by’ibikenewe ku isi hose.
(2)Incamake yisoko yo mu gihugu itari ionic selulose ether isoko:
Mubushinwa, ionic selulose ethers ihagarariwe na CMC yateye imbere mbere, ikora uburyo bwo kubyara umusaruro ukuze kandi nubushobozi bunini bwo gukora. Dukurikije imibare ya IHS, abakora mu Bushinwa batwaye hafi kimwe cya kabiri cy’ubushobozi bw’isi ku bicuruzwa by’ibanze bya CMC. Iterambere rya non-ionic selulose ether ryatangiye gutinda mugihugu cyanjye, ariko umuvuduko witerambere urihuta.
Nyuma yimyaka yiterambere, Ubushinwa isoko rya ionic selulose ether ryateye imbere cyane. Muri 2021, ubushobozi bwateganijwe bwo gukora ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwa HPMC buzagera kuri toni 117,600, umusaruro uzaba toni 104.300, naho ibicuruzwa bizaba toni 97.500. Inganda nini ninganda zaho zabonye ahanini gusimbuza imbere. Nyamara, kubicuruzwa bya HEC, kubera gutangira gutinda kwa R&D n’umusaruro mu gihugu cyanjye, inzira igoye y’umusaruro hamwe n’inzitizi zikomeye za tekiniki, ubushobozi bw’umusaruro uriho, umusaruro n’ibicuruzwa by’imbere mu gihugu ni bike. Nyamara, mu myaka yashize, uko inganda zo mu gihugu zikomeje kongera ishoramari mu bushakashatsi n’iterambere, kuzamura urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga no guteza imbere byimazeyo abakiriya bo hasi, umusaruro n’igurisha byazamutse vuba. Dukurikije imibare yatanzwe n’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda mu Bushinwa Cellulose, mu 2021, inganda zikomeye zo mu gihugu HEC (zikubiye mu mibare y’amashyirahamwe y’inganda, intego zose) zifite ubushobozi bwo gukora umusaruro wa toni 19.000, umusaruro wa toni 17.300, hamwe n’igurisha rya 16.800 toni. Muri byo, umusaruro wiyongereyeho 72,73% umwaka ushize ugereranije na 2020, umusaruro wiyongereyeho 43.41% umwaka ushize, naho ibicuruzwa byiyongereyeho 40.60% umwaka ushize.
Nkinyongera, ingano yo kugurisha ya HEC yibasiwe cyane nibisabwa ku isoko ryo hasi. Nkibikorwa byingenzi byokoreshwa muri HEC, inganda zitwikiriye zifite isano ikomeye ninganda za HEC mubijyanye no gusohora no kugabura isoko. Urebye uko isoko ryakwirakwizwa, isoko ry’inganda zitangwa cyane cyane muri Jiangsu, Zhejiang na Shanghai mu Bushinwa bw’Uburasirazuba, Guangdong mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo, inkombe y’amajyepfo y’iburasirazuba, na Sichuan mu majyepfo y’Ubushinwa. Muri byo, umusaruro w’ibiti muri Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai na Fujian wagize hafi 32%, naho mu Bushinwa bw’Amajyepfo na Guangdong bingana na 20%. 5 hejuru. Isoko ryibicuruzwa bya HEC ryibanda cyane cyane muri Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong na Fujian. HEC kuri ubu ikoreshwa cyane mubyubatswe, ariko irakwiriye kubwoko bwose bwamazi ashingiye kumazi ukurikije ibicuruzwa byayo.
Mu 2021, biteganijwe ko umusaruro w’umwaka w’imyenda y’Ubushinwa uzaba hafi toni miliyoni 25.82, naho umusaruro w’imyubakire yubatswe hamwe n’inganda zizaba toni miliyoni 7.51 na toni miliyoni 18.31. Kugeza ubu amazi ashingiye ku mazi agera kuri 90% y’imyubakire yubatswe, naho hafi 25%, bivugwa ko mu 2021 umusaruro w’amabara ashingiye ku mazi mu gihugu cyanjye mu 2021 azaba agera kuri toni miliyoni 11.3365. Mu buryo bw'igitekerezo, umubare wa HEC wongeyeho amarangi ashingiye ku mazi ni 0.1% kugeza 0.5%, ubaze ku kigereranyo cya 0.3%, ukeka ko amarangi yose ashingiye ku mazi akoresha HEC nk'inyongera, icyifuzo cy'igihugu ku cyiciro cya HEC cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Toni 34.000. Hashingiwe ku musaruro rusange w’ubutaka ku isi wageze kuri toni miliyoni 97,6 muri 2020 (muri zo zikaba zubatswe zingana na 58.20% naho inganda zikaba zingana na 41.80%), isi yose ikenera icyiciro cya HEC igera kuri toni 184.000.
Muri make, kuri ubu, umugabane w isoko ryurwego rwo hejuru rwa HEC yinganda zikora imbere mubushinwa ziracyari hasi, kandi umugabane wisoko ryimbere mu gihugu ufitwe ahanini ninganda mpuzamahanga zihagarariwe na Ashland yo muri Amerika, kandi hari umwanya munini murugo gusimburwa. Hamwe no kuzamura ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu no kwagura ubushobozi bw’umusaruro, bizarushaho guhangana n’abakora inganda mpuzamahanga mu murima wo hasi uhagarariwe na coatings. Gusimburana mu gihugu no guhatanira amasoko mpuzamahanga bizahinduka inzira nyamukuru yiterambere ryinganda mugihe runaka mugihe kizaza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-01-2023