Ubwoko bwa selile bangahe?

1. Cellulose ether

Icyiciro cyubwubatsi bwa selile ether nijambo rusange ryuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa byakozwe nigisubizo cya alkali selulose na agent ya etherifying mubihe bimwe. Alkali selulose isimburwa nibikoresho bitandukanye bya etherifing kugirango babone ethers zitandukanye. Ukurikije imiterere ya ionisation yibisimburwa, ethers ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri: ionic (nka carboxymethyl selulose) na non-ionic (nka methyl selulose). Ukurikije ubwoko bwinsimburangingo, selile ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo mono-ether (nka methyl selulose) na ether ivanze (nka hydroxypropyl methyl selulose). Ukurikije ibisubizo bitandukanye, birashobora kugabanywa mu gushonga amazi (nka hydroxyethyl selulose) hamwe na solvent-soluble (nka Ethyl selulose), nibindi. igabanijwe muburyo bwihuse hamwe nubuso bwavuwe bwatinze guseswa.

Uburyo bwibikorwa bya selile ether muri mortar nuburyo bukurikira:

1. Nyuma ya selile ya selile muri minisiteri imaze gushonga mumazi, gukwirakwiza neza no guhuza ibikoresho bya sima muri sisitemu biremezwa kubera ibikorwa byubuso. Nka colloid ikingira, selulose ether "ipfunyika" ibice bikomeye hanyuma ikabifunga hejuru yinyuma. Kora firime isiga amavuta, kora sisitemu ya minisiteri ihamye, kandi unatezimbere amazi ya minisiteri mugihe cyo kuvanga no gukora neza.
2. Bitewe nuburyo bwimiterere ya molekuline, umuti wa selulose ether utuma amazi yo muri minisiteri atoroha kubura, kandi akayarekura buhoro buhoro mugihe kirekire, bigatuma minisiteri igumana amazi meza kandi ikora.

2. Methyl selulose

Methylcellulose (MC) formulaire ya molekulari [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-h (OCH3) n] x.

Nyuma yipamba itunganijwe ivuwe na alkali, selile ya selile ikorwa binyuze murukurikirane rwibisubizo hamwe na chloride metani nka agent ya etherification. Mubisanzwe, urwego rwo gusimburwa ni 1.6 ~ 2.0, kandi gukemura nabyo biratandukanye hamwe nimpamyabumenyi zitandukanye zo gusimburwa. Nibya non-ionic selulose ether.

1. Methylcellulose irashonga mumazi akonje, kandi bizagorana gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Igisubizo cyamazi cyacyo kirahagaze neza murwego rwa pH = 3 ~ 12. Ifite guhuza neza na krahisi, guar gum, nibindi byinshi na surfactants. Iyo ubushyuhe bugeze ku bushyuhe bwa gelation, gelation iba.
2. Kugumana amazi ya methylcellulose biterwa nubwinshi bwiyongereye, ubukonje, ubwiza bwikigereranyo nigipimo cyayo. Mubisanzwe, niba umubare wongeyeho ari munini, ubwiza ni buto, kandi ubwiza ni bunini, igipimo cyo gufata amazi ni kinini. Muri byo, ingano y’inyongera igira ingaruka zikomeye ku kigero cyo gufata amazi, kandi urwego rw’ubukonje ntiruhwanye neza n’urwego rwo gufata amazi. Igipimo cyo guseswa ahanini biterwa nurwego rwo guhindura isura ya selile na selile nziza. Muri ethers ya selile yavuzwe haruguru, methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose bifite igipimo kinini cyo gufata amazi.
3. Imihindagurikire yubushyuhe irashobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku gufata amazi ya methyl selile. Mubisanzwe, uko ubushyuhe buri hejuru, niko gufata amazi ari bibi. Niba ubushyuhe bwa minisiteri burenze 40 ° C, kugumana amazi ya methyl selulose bizagabanuka cyane, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku iyubakwa rya minisiteri.
4. Methylcellulose igira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere no gufatira minisiteri. "Gufatanya" hano bivuga imbaraga zifatika zumvwa hagati yumukozi usaba umukozi nu rukuta, ni ukuvuga kurwanya inkovu. Kwizirika hejuru ni byinshi, kurwanya inkweto za minisiteri ni nini, kandi imbaraga zisabwa n'abakozi mu gihe cyo gukoresha nazo ni nini, kandi imikorere ya minisiteri ikennye. Methyl selile yifata iri murwego ruciriritse mubicuruzwa bya selile.

3.Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Inzira ya molekuline ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ni [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-mn (OCH3) m, OCH2CH (OH) CH3] n] x

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ni selile ya selile itanga umusaruro nogukoresha byiyongera vuba. Ni selile idafite ionic ivanze ya ether ikozwe mu ipamba itunganijwe nyuma ya alkalisation, ukoresheje okiside ya propylene na methyl chloride nka agent ya etherification, binyuze mubisubizo. Urwego rwo gusimbuza muri rusange ni 1.2 ~ 2.0. Imiterere yacyo iratandukanye bitewe numubare utandukanye wibintu bya mikorobe na hydroxypropyl.

1. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi akonje, ariko izahura ningorane zo gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Ariko ubushyuhe bwacyo bwo mumazi ashyushye buri hejuru cyane ugereranije na methyl selile. Ubushyuhe bwo mumazi akonje nabwo buratera imbere cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose.
2. Ubukonje bwa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bufitanye isano nuburemere bwa molekile, kandi uko uburemere bwa molekile nini, niko ubwiza bwiyongera. Ubushyuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku bwenge bwabwo, uko ubushyuhe bwiyongera, ubukonje bugabanuka. Nyamara, ubukonje bwacyo bwinshi bugira ingaruka zubushyuhe burenze methyl selile. Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye iyo kibitswe mubushyuhe bwicyumba.
3. Kugumana amazi ya hydroxypropyl methylcellulose biterwa nubunini bwiyongereye, ubwiza, nibindi, kandi igipimo cyayo cyo gufata amazi kumafaranga yiyongereyeho kiri hejuru ya methyl selile.
4. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihamye kuri aside na alkali, kandi igisubizo cyayo cyamazi kirahagaze neza murwego rwa pH = 2 ~ 12. Soda ya Caustic n'amazi ya lime ntacyo bihindura mubikorwa byayo, ariko alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ikongera ububobere bwayo. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ihagaze neza kumunyu usanzwe, ariko iyo ubunini bwumuti wumunyu mwinshi, ubwiza bwumuti wa hydroxypropyl methylcellulose bikunda kwiyongera.
5. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose irashobora kuvangwa namazi ya elegitoronike ya polymer kugirango ibe igisubizo kimwe kandi kinini. Nka alcool ya polyvinyl, ibinyamisogwe ether, amase y'imboga, nibindi.
6. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya enzyme kurusha methylcellulose, kandi igisubizo cyacyo ntigishobora guteshwa agaciro na enzymes kuruta methylcellulose.
7. Gufatanya na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose mukubaka minisiteri birenze ibya methyl selulose.

4.Hydroxyethyl selulose

Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC)

Ikozwe mu ipamba itunganijwe ivurwa na alkali, ikanakoreshwa na okiside ya Ethylene nka etherification agent imbere ya acetone. Urwego rwo gusimburwa muri rusange ni 1.5 ~ 2.0. Ifite hydrophilicity ikomeye kandi byoroshye gukuramo ubuhehere.

1. Hydroxyethyl selulose irashobora gushonga mumazi akonje, ariko biragoye gushonga mumazi ashyushye. Igisubizo cyacyo gihamye mubushyuhe bwo hejuru nta geli. Irashobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire munsi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru muri minisiteri, ariko kubika amazi yayo biri munsi yubwa methyl selile.
2. Hydroxyethyl selulose ihamye kuri acide rusange na alkali, kandi alkali irashobora kwihutisha iseswa ryayo kandi ikongerera gato ububobere bwayo. Ikwirakwizwa ryayo mumazi ni mabi cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose.
3. Hydroxyethyl selulose ifite imikorere myiza yo kurwanya sag, ariko ifite igihe kirekire cyo kudindiza sima.
4. Imikorere ya hydroxyethyl selulose ikorwa ninganda zimwe na zimwe zo murugo biragaragara ko iri munsi yubwa methyl selulose kubera amazi menshi hamwe n ivu ryinshi.

5.Carboxymethyl selulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) [C6H7O2 (OH) 2OCH2COONa] n

Ionic selulose ether ikozwe muri fibre naturel (ipamba, nibindi) nyuma yo kuvura alkali, ukoresheje sodium mono-chloroacetate nka agent ya etherification, kandi ikavurwa muburyo butandukanye. Urwego rwo gusimburwa muri rusange ni 0.4 ~ 1.4, kandi imikorere yarwo igira ingaruka cyane kurwego rwo gusimburwa.

1. Carboxymethyl selulose ni hygroscopique, kandi izaba irimo amazi menshi mugihe abitswe mubihe rusange.
2. Carboxymethyl selulose yumuti wamazi ntabwo itanga gel, kandi ubukonje buragabanuka nukwiyongera kwubushyuhe. Iyo ubushyuhe burenze 50 ° C, ubukonje ntibusubira inyuma.
3. Guhagarara kwayo bigira ingaruka cyane kuri pH. Mubisanzwe, irashobora gukoreshwa muri minisiteri ishingiye kuri gypsumu, ariko ntabwo ikoreshwa muri minisiteri ishingiye kuri sima. Iyo alkaline nyinshi, itakaza ubukonje.
4. Kugumana amazi kwayo ni munsi cyane ugereranije na methyl selulose. Ifite ingaruka mbi kuri gypsumu ishingiye kuri minisiteri kandi igabanya imbaraga zayo. Nyamara, igiciro cya carboxymethyl selulose kiri hasi cyane ugereranije na methyl selile.