Cellulose ether ikoresha mumashanyarazi yumye

Ingaruka za selile nyinshi zisanzwe hamwe na ether zivanze muri minisiteri ivanze yumye kumazi no kubyimba, gutembera, gukora, ingaruka zangiza ikirere, nimbaraga za minisiteri ivanze yumye. Nibyiza kuruta ether imwe; icyerekezo cyiterambere cyogukoresha selulose ether muri dry-ivanze ya minisiteri irateganijwe.

Amagambo y'ingenzi:selile ether; icyuma kivanze; ether imwe; ether

Imisemburo gakondo ifite ibibazo nko guturika byoroshye, kuva amaraso, imikorere mibi, kwanduza ibidukikije, nibindi, kandi bizagenda bisimburwa buhoro buhoro na minisiteri ivanze. Amashanyarazi avanze yumye, azwi kandi nka minisiteri yabanje kuvangwa (yumye), ibikoresho byifu yumye, kuvanga byumye, ifu yumye yumye, minisiteri yumye ivanze, ni minisiteri yuzuye ivanze itavanze amazi. Ether ya selile ifite ibintu byiza cyane nko kubyimba, emulisifike, guhagarikwa, gukora firime, kurinda colloid, kugumana ubushuhe, no gufatira hamwe, kandi ni ikintu cyingenzi kivanze na minisiteri ivanze.

Uru rupapuro rugaragaza ibyiza, ibibi hamwe niterambere ryiterambere rya selile ether mugukoresha amavuta yumye.

1. Ibiranga minisiteri yumye

Ukurikije ibisabwa byubwubatsi, minisiteri ivanze yumye irashobora gukoreshwa nyuma yo gupimwa neza no kuvangwa byuzuye mumahugurwa y’umusaruro, hanyuma ikavangwa n’amazi ahazubakwa ukurikije igipimo cy’amazi-sima cyagenwe. Ugereranije na minisiteri gakondo, yumye-ivanze ya minisiteri ifite ibyiza bikurikira:①Ubwiza buhebuje, bwumye-buvanze bwa minisiteri ikorwa hakurikijwe formulaire ya siyansi, nini nini yo kwikora, ifatanije n’ibindi bikwiye kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bishobore kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwihariye;②Ubwoko Bwinshi, Imikorere itandukanye irashobora gukorwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa bitandukanye;③Imikorere myiza yubwubatsi, yoroshye kuyikoresha no kuyisiba, ikuraho ibikenerwa mbere yo gutobora mbere yo gufata neza amazi;④Biroroshye gukoresha, kongeramo amazi no kubyutsa, byoroshye gutwara no kubika, byoroshye gucunga ubwubatsi;⑤kurengera icyatsi n’ibidukikije, nta mukungugu wubatswe, nta birundo bitandukanye by’ibikoresho fatizo, bigabanya ingaruka ku bidukikije;⑥ubukungu, bwumye-buvanze bwa minisiteri birinda gukoresha ibikoresho bidafite ishingiro kubera ibikoresho bifatika, kandi birakwiriye gukoreshwa imashini Ubwubatsi bugabanya ubwubatsi kandi bugabanya ibiciro byubwubatsi.

Cellulose ether ningirakamaro yingenzi ya minisiteri yumye. Ether ya selile irashobora gukora calcium-silikatike-hydroxide (CSH) ihamye hamwe n'umucanga na sima kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa ibikoresho bishya bya minisiteri.

2. Cellulose ether nkibisanzwe

Cellulose ether ni polymer karemano yahinduwe aho atome ya hydrogène iri mumatsinda ya hydroxyl mubice byubaka selile isimburwa nandi matsinda. Ubwoko, ubwinshi nogukwirakwiza amatsinda asimbuye kumurongo wa selile nyamukuru igena ubwoko na kamere.

Itsinda rya hydroxyl kumurongo wa selile ya ether molekuline itanga imiyoboro ya ogisijeni ya intermolecular, ishobora kunoza uburinganire bwuzuye hamwe na sima; kongera ubudahangarwa bwa minisiteri, hindura imvugo na compression ya minisiteri; kunoza uburyo bwo guhangana na minisiteri; Kwinjiza umwuka, kunoza imikorere ya minisiteri.

2.1 Gukoresha carboxymethyl selulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ni ionic water-soluble selile selile, kandi umunyu wa sodiumi ukunze gukoreshwa. CMC yera ni ifu yera cyangwa amata yera ya fibrous powder cyangwa granules, impumuro nziza kandi itaryoshye. Ibipimo nyamukuru bipima ubuziranenge bwa CMC ni urwego rwo gusimbuza (DS) hamwe nubwiza, gukorera mu mucyo no gukemura ibibazo.

Nyuma yo kongeramo CMC kuri minisiteri, ifite ingaruka zigaragara zo kugumana no gufata amazi, kandi ingaruka zo kubyimba ahanini ziterwa nuburemere bwa molekile hamwe nintera yo gusimburwa. Nyuma yo kongeramo CMC amasaha 48, hapimwe ko igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi yicyitegererezo cya minisiteri cyagabanutse. Mugihe igipimo cyo kwinjiza amazi, niko igipimo cyo gufata amazi kiri hejuru; ingaruka zo gufata amazi ziyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwa CMC. Bitewe ningaruka nziza yo gufata amazi, irashobora kwemeza ko imvange ivanze yumye itavanze cyangwa ngo itandukane. Kugeza ubu, CMC ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu rwego rwo kurwanya ibishashara mu ngomero, ku kivuko, ku biraro no mu zindi nyubako, zishobora kugabanya ingaruka z’amazi kuri sima hamwe n’ibintu byiza kandi bikagabanya kwanduza ibidukikije.

CMC ni ionic compound kandi ifite ibyangombwa byinshi kuri sima, bitabaye ibyo irashobora kwitwara hamwe na Ca (OH) 2 yashonga muri sima nyuma yo kuvangwa mumasima ya sima kugirango ikore calcium carbisimethylcellulose idashobora gushonga kandi ikabura ubukana bwayo, bikagabanya cyane imikorere yo gufata amazi ya CMC ifite ubumuga; enzyme irwanya CMC irakennye.

2.2 Gushyira mu bikorwahydroxyethyl selilena hydroxypropyl selile

Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) na hydroxypropyl selulose (HPC) ni ionic water-soluble imwe ya selulose ethers irwanya umunyu mwinshi. HEC ihamye gushyushya; byoroshye gushonga mumazi akonje kandi ashyushye; iyo pH agaciro ari 2-12, viscosity ihinduka bike. HPC ibora mumazi munsi ya 40°C numubare munini wumuti wa polar. Ifite thermoplastique hamwe nibikorwa byo hejuru. Urwego rwo hejuru rwo gusimburwa, nubushyuhe bwamazi amazi HPC ashobora gushonga.

Nkuko ingano ya HEC yongewe kuri minisiteri yiyongera, imbaraga zo kwikomeretsa, imbaraga zingana no kurwanya ruswa ya minisiteri igabanuka mugihe gito, kandi imikorere ihinduka bike mugihe. HEC igira kandi ingaruka ku ikwirakwizwa rya pore muri minisiteri. Nyuma yo kongeramo HPC kuri minisiteri, ububobere bwa minisiteri buri hasi cyane, kandi amazi asabwa aragabanuka, bityo bikagabanya imikorere yimikorere ya minisiteri. Mu mikoreshereze nyayo, HPC igomba gukoreshwa hamwe na plastike kugirango itezimbere imikorere ya minisiteri.

2.3 Gukoresha methyl selulose

Methylcellulose (MC) ni ether idafite selile imwe ya selile, ishobora gutatanya vuba no kubyimba mumazi ashyushye kuri 80-90°C, hanyuma ushonga vuba nyuma yo gukonja. Igisubizo cyamazi ya MC irashobora gukora gel. Iyo ishyushye, MC ntishonga mumazi kugirango ikore gel, kandi iyo ikonje, gel irashonga. Ibi bintu birashoboka rwose. Nyuma yo kongeramo MC kuri minisiteri, ingaruka zo gufata amazi biragaragara ko zateye imbere. Kugumana amazi ya MC biterwa nubwiza bwayo, urugero rwo gusimbuza, ubwiza, hamwe nubunini bwiyongereye. Ongeraho MC irashobora kunoza imitungo irwanya kugabanuka; kunoza amavuta nuburinganire bwibice bitatanye, kora minisiteri yoroshye kandi irusheho kuba imwe, ingaruka zo gutembagaza no koroshya nibyiza cyane, kandi imikorere yakazi iratera imbere.

Umubare wa MC wongeyeho ufite uruhare runini kuri minisiteri. Iyo ibirimo MC birenze 2%, imbaraga za minisiteri zigabanuka kugeza kimwe cya kabiri cyumwimerere. Ingaruka yo gufata amazi iriyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwijimye rya MC, ariko iyo ubukonje bwa MC bugeze ku gaciro runaka, gukomera kwa MC kugabanuka, gufata amazi ntiguhinduka cyane, kandi imikorere yubwubatsi iragabanuka.

2.4 Gukoresha hydroxyethylmethylcellulose na hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Ether imwe ifite ibibi byo gutatana nabi, agglomeration no gukomera byihuse mugihe amafaranga yongeweho ari make, kandi nubusa bwinshi muri minisiteri iyo amafaranga yongeweho ari menshi, kandi ubukana bwa beto bwangirika; kubwibyo, gukora, imbaraga zo guhonyora, nimbaraga zoroshye Imikorere ntabwo ari nziza. Ethers ivanze irashobora gutsinda ibitagenda neza kuri ethers imwe kurwego runaka; amafaranga yongeweho ni make ugereranije na ethers imwe.

Hydroxyethylmethylcellulose (HEMC) na hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ni ether zivanze na selulose ethers hamwe nimiterere ya buri selire ya selile.

Kugaragara kwa HEMC ni umweru, ifu yera cyangwa granule, impumuro nziza kandi itaryoshye, hygroscopique, idashonga mumazi ashyushye. Iseswa ntirigerwaho nigiciro cya pH (gisa na MC), ariko kubera kongeramo amatsinda ya hydroxyethyl kumurongo wa molekile, HEMC ifite kwihanganira umunyu mwinshi kuruta MC, byoroshye gushonga mumazi, kandi ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi. HEMC ifite amazi meza kurusha MC; viscosity stabilite, kurwanya mildew, no gutandukana birakomeye kuruta HEC.

HPMC ni ifu yera cyangwa yera yera, idafite uburozi, uburyohe kandi nta mpumuro nziza. Imikorere ya HPMC hamwe nibisobanuro bitandukanye iratandukanye cyane. HPMC ishonga mumazi akonje mumuti usobanutse cyangwa uhindagurika gato wa colloidal, gushonga mumashanyarazi amwe, kandi ugashonga mumazi. Imvange ivanze yumuti kama, nka Ethanol muburyo bukwiye, mumazi. Igisubizo cyamazi gifite ibiranga ibikorwa byo hejuru hejuru, gukorera mu mucyo no gukora neza. Iseswa rya HPMC mumazi nayo ntabwo ihindurwa na pH. Gukemura biratandukanye nubwiza, uko hasi yubukonje, niko gukomera. Kugabanuka kwibintu bya vitamine muri molekile ya HPMC, ingingo ya gel ya HPMC iriyongera, amazi yo kugabanuka aragabanuka, kandi ibikorwa byo hejuru nabyo biragabanuka. Usibye kuranga ibintu bimwe na bimwe bya selile ya selile, HPMC ifite kandi imbaraga zo kurwanya umunyu, guhagarara neza, kurwanya enzyme, no gutatana cyane.

Ibikorwa byingenzi bya HEMC na HPMC muri minisiteri yumye ivanze nibi bikurikira.①Kubika amazi meza. HEMC na HPMC zirashobora kwemeza ko minisiteri itazatera ibibazo nko kumusenyi, ifu no kugabanya imbaraga kubicuruzwa kubera kubura amazi hamwe na sima ituzuye. Kunoza uburinganire, gukora no gukomera kubicuruzwa. Iyo umubare wa HPMC wongeyeho urenze 0.08%, guhangayikishwa numusaruro hamwe nubwiza bwa plastike ya minisiteri nabyo byiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwa HPMC.②Nkumukozi winjiza ikirere. Iyo ibiri muri HEMC na HPMC ari 0.5%, gaze ni nini, hafi 55%. Imbaraga zihindagurika nimbaraga zo kwikuramo za minisiteri.③Kunoza imikorere. Kwiyongera kwa HEMC na HPMC byorohereza amakarita ya minisiteri yoroheje no gutunganya amabuye ya pompe.

HEMC na HPMC birashobora gutinza hydrata ya minisiteri ya minisiteri, DS nikintu cyingenzi cyane kigira ingaruka kumazi, kandi ingaruka yibintu bya metoxyl kumazi yatinze ni byinshi kuruta hydroxyethyl hamwe na hydroxypropyl.

Twabibutsa ko selile ya ether ifite ingaruka ebyiri mumikorere ya minisiteri, kandi irashobora kugira uruhare runini iyo ikoreshejwe neza, ariko bizagira ingaruka mbi iyo ikoreshejwe nabi. Imikorere ya minisiteri yumye ivanze mbere na mbere ijyanye no guhuza na selile ya selile, kandi ether ikoreshwa na selile nayo ifitanye isano nibintu nkubunini nuburyo byongeweho. Mubikorwa bifatika, ubwoko bumwe bwa selulose ether irashobora gutoranywa, cyangwa ubwoko butandukanye bwa selile ether irashobora gukoreshwa mukomatanya.

3. Ibitekerezo

Iterambere ryihuse rya minisiteri yumye itanga amahirwe ningorabahizi mugutezimbere no gukoresha selile ya ether. Abashakashatsi n'abakora ibicuruzwa bagomba gukoresha umwanya wo kuzamura urwego rwa tekiniki, kandi bagakora cyane kugirango bongere ubwoko kandi batezimbere ibicuruzwa. Mugihe cyujuje ibisabwa kugirango ukoreshe minisiteri yumye ivanze, imaze kugera ku nganda mu nganda za selile.