Cellulose Ether Technologies yo gutunganya amazi mabi

Imyandaamazi mu nganda za selulose ether ninganda ahanini zishonga nka toluene, oliticol, isopate, na acetone. Kugabanya ibimera biva mu musaruro no kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere byanze bikunze bisabwa kugirango umusaruro ube mwiza. Nkumushinga ubishinzwe, kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya nabyo nibisabwa kurengera ibidukikije kandi bigomba kuzuzwa. Ubushakashatsi ku gihombo cya solvent no gutunganya inganda za selile ether ningingo ifatika. Umwanditsi yakoze ubushakashatsi ku bushakashatsi bwatakaje igihombo no gutunganya umusaruro wa fibrin ether, kandi yageze ku musaruro mwiza mubikorwa bifatika.

Ijambo ryibanze: selulose ether: gusubiramo ibishishwa: gaze ya gaze; umutekano

Amashanyarazi kama ninganda zifite inganda nyinshi zamavuta yinganda, imiti yimiti, imiti nizindi nganda. Ibishishwa kama mubisanzwe ntabwo bigira uruhare mubitekerezo mugihe cyaumusaruro wo gukora selile. Mugihe cyo gukoresha, ibishishwa mugikorwa cyo gutunganya imiti ikoresheje ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa birashobora gukoreshwa kugirango bagaruke. Umuti usohoka mu kirere mu buryo bwa gaze ya gaze (twese hamwe bita VOC). VOC itera kwangirika kwubuzima bwabantu, ikabuza iyi mashanyarazi guhindagurika mugihe cyo kuyikoresha, kuyitunganya kugirango igere ku musaruro muke wa karubone kandi wangiza ibidukikije.

1. Ibyangiritse nuburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya ibishishwa kama

1.1 Ingaruka zumuti ukunze gukoreshwa

Umuyoboro wingenzi wibanze mukubyara selile ya selulose harimo toluene, isopropanol, olite, acetone, nibindi. Ibyavuzwe haruguru ni uburozi kama kama, nka dermopine. Guhuza igihe kirekire birashobora kugaragara muri syndrome ya neurasthenia, hepatoblasty, hamwe nabakozi b'abagore badasanzwe. Biroroshye gutera uruhu rwumye, guturika, dermatite. Irababaza uruhu nudusimba, kandi ifite anesteziya ya sisitemu yo hagati. Imyuka ya isopropanol igira ingaruka zikomeye zo gutera anesteziya, igira ingaruka zikomeye ku mucosa w'ijisho no mu myanya y'ubuhumekero, kandi ishobora kwangiza retina na nervice optique. Ingaruka ya anesthesia ya acetone kuri sisitemu yo hagati yo hagati ifite umunaniro, isesemi, no kuzunguruka. Mubihe bikomeye, kuruka, spasm, ndetse na koma. Birakaza amaso, izuru, n'umuhogo. Kumara igihe kirekire guhura no kuzunguruka, gutwikwa, kurwara, pharyngitis, bronchite, umunaniro, no kwishima.

1.2 Uburyo busanzwe bwo gutunganya ibishishwa byangiza imyuka ya gaze

Inzira nziza yo kuvura gaze ya gaz isohoka ni ukugabanya isohoka ryumuti uva isoko. Igihombo byanze bikunze gishobora kugarurwa gusa nibishobora gukemuka. Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwo kugarura imiti ya chimique irakuze kandi yizewe. Ibisanzwe bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ya gaze ni: Uburyo bwa Concretion, uburyo bwo kwinjiza, uburyo bwa adsorption.

Uburyo bwa kondegene ni tekinoroji yoroshye yo gutunganya. Ihame shingiro nugukonjesha gaze isohoka kugirango ubushyuhe bugabanuke munsi yubushyuhe bwikime cyibintu kama, guhuza ibintu kama mubitonyanga, bitandukanijwe na gaze ya gaze, hanyuma ukongera kubitunganya.

Uburyo bwo kwinjiza ni ugukoresha ibintu byinjira kugirango uhure na gaze ya gaze kugirango ikure ibintu kama muri gaze. Kwinjira bigabanyijemo kwinjiza umubiri no kwinjiza imiti. Kugarura ibishishwa ni kwinjiza umubiri, kandi ibisanzwe bikoreshwa ni amazi, mazutu, kerosene cyangwa ibindi bishishwa. Ikintu cyose kama gishobora gushonga mumashanyarazi gishobora kwimurwa kiva mucyiciro cya gaze kijya mu cyiciro cy’amazi, kandi amazi yinjira ashobora gukomeza kuvurwa. Mubisanzwe, gutunganya neza bikoreshwa mugutunganya ibishishwa.

Uburyo bwa adsorption burimo gukoresha tekinoroji yo kugarura ibintu. Ihame nugufata ibintu kama muri gaze ya gaze ukoresheje imiterere ya karubone ikora cyangwa fibre ikora ya karubone. Iyo gaze isohoka yamamajwe nigitanda cya adsorption, ibintu kama byandikirwa muburiri, kandi gaze isohoka. Iyo adsorbent adsorption igeze yuzuye, umwuka wamazi (cyangwa umwuka ushushe) unyuzwa mugushyushya uburiri bwinjira, bigasubirana adsorbent, ibintu kama bigahita bikarekurwa, hanyuma imvange yumuyaga ikorwa numwuka wamazi (cyangwa umwuka ushushe) ). Essence Shyira imvange ivanze na kondereseri kugirango uyihuze mumazi. Umuti utandukanijwe no gukoresha disillation ya psychologiya cyangwa itandukanya ukurikije igisubizo cyamazi.

2. Gukora no gutunganya gaze ya gazi isohoka mu musaruro wa selile

2.1 Ibicuruzwa bitanga ingufu za gaze

Igihombo cya solvent mu musaruro wa selile ya selile biterwa ahanini nuburyo bwamazi yanduye na gaze. Ibisigara bikomeye ni bike, kandi gutakaza icyiciro cyamazi ni clip yamazi. Umuyoboro muto-utetse byoroshye byoroshye gutakaza mugice cyamazi, ariko gutakaza amashanyarazi make-muri rusange bigomba gushingira kumyuka ya gaze. Gutakaza agaciro cyane ni decompression distillation, reaction, centrifugal, vacuum, nibindi bisobanuro bikurikira:

(1) Umuti utera igihombo "guhumeka" iyo ubitswe mububiko.

. ikoreshwa rya pompe zamazi, W -ubwoko bwa pompe ya vacuum cyangwa sisitemu yimpeta zamazi bizatera imyanda myinshi kubera gaze ya vacuum.

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(4) Igihombo cyatewe no kugabanya decompression distillation.

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(6) Kugarura gaze idahagije iterwa no gukoresha nabi sisitemu yo gutunganya.

2.2 Gusubiramo uburyo bwa gaze ya gaze ya gaze ya gaze

(1) Umuti nkibigega byo kubika. Fata kubika ubushyuhe kugirango ugabanye guhumeka, kandi uhuze kashe ya azote hamwe numuti umwe kugirango wirinde gutakaza tank. Nyuma yo kwegeranya gazi umurizo yinjiye muri sisitemu yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa nyuma yo guhunika, irinda neza igihombo mugihe cyo kubika ibintu byinshi.

(2) Sisitemu ya Vacuum cyclic aeration hamwe no gutunganya imyanda yimyanda muri sisitemu ya vacuum. Umwuka wa Vacuum usubirwamo na kondenseri hanyuma ugasubizwa ninzira eshatu.

(3) Mubikorwa byo gutunganya imiti, umusemburo ufunzwe kugirango ugabanye inzira nta myuka ihumanya. Amazi y’amazi arimo amazi mabi ugereranije n’amazi arimo amazi menshi arasukwa kandi agakoresha gaze ya gaze. Varcation.

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2.3 Kumenyekanisha gukora karubone ikora ya gaze ya gaze ya gaze ya gaze ya gaze

Gazi yumurizo yavuzwe haruguru hamwe na gaze ya gaze ya gaze ya gaze ya meridian yinjizwa muburiri bwa karubone ikora nyuma yo kuyishyiraho. Umuti wometse kuri karubone ikora, kandi gaze isukuye isohoka munsi yigitanda cya adsorption. Uburiri bwa karubone hamwe no kwiyuzuza kwa adsorption bikorwa hamwe na parike nkeya. Umwuka winjira uva munsi yigitanda. Kurenga karubone ikora, adsorbent solvent irafatanwa hanyuma ikavanwa muburiri bwa karubone kugirango yinjire muri kondenseri: muri kondenseri, imvange hamwe namazi yo mumazi avanze byegeranye hanyuma bijugunywa mububiko. Kwishyira hamwe ni 25 o / O kugeza 50%, nyuma yo gutandukanya cyangwa gutandukanya. Nyuma yigitanda cyamakara gihujwe kandi kigahinduka binyuze mukumisha, reta ya adsorption reta ikoreshwa kugirango irangize uruziga. Inzira yose ikora ubudahwema. Kugirango uzamure igipimo cyo gukira, amabati atatu ya kabiri -urwego rwiza rwa tandem arashobora gukoreshwa.

2.4 Amategeko yumutekano yo gutunganya gaze ya gaze

. Hejuru yikintu gikora cyokunywa karubone kigomba gushyirwaho nigipimo cyumuvuduko, ibikoresho bisohora umutekano (valve yumutekano cyangwa ibisasu biturika). Igishushanyo, gukora, gukora, no kugenzura ibikoresho byasohotse mu mutekano bigomba kubahiriza ibivugwa mu “gushushanya no kubara igishushanyo mbonera cy’ibishushanyo mbonera no kubara umugereka w’umutekano hamwe n’ibishushanyo mbonera by’umutekano bitanu hamwe n’ibisasu biturika ”Y’amabwiriza y’igenzura rya tekinike y’umutekano. “

(2) Igikoresho gikonjesha cyikora kigomba gutangwa mugukora karubone ikora. Gukora karubone ikora ya gaz yinjira no kohereza hanze hamwe na adsorbent igomba kuba ifite ibipimo byinshi byo gupima ubushyuhe hamwe nubushakashatsi bujyanye nubushyuhe, bwerekana ubushyuhe igihe icyo aricyo cyose. Iyo ubushyuhe burenze igenamiterere ry'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, hita utanga ibimenyetso byo gutabaza hanyuma uhite ufungura igikoresho gikonjesha. I'HJPE yibice bibiri byo gupima ubushyuhe ntibirenza m 1, kandi intera iri hagati yikizamini nurukuta rwinyuma rwibikoresho igomba kuba irenga cm 60.

. Iyo kwibumbira hamwe kwa gaze kama yohereje ibicuruzwa birenze igiciro cyagenwe, bigomba guhagarikwa: adsorption no gukubita. Iyo parike ikuweho, umuyoboro w’umutekano ugomba gushyirwaho ku bikoresho nka kondenseri, icyuma gitandukanya gaze, hamwe n’ikigega kibika amazi. Imashini ikora ya karubone igomba gushyirwa kumuyoboro wumwuka winjira no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze kugirango hamenyekane imyuka ihumanya ikirere (kugabanuka k'umuvuduko) wa adsorbent kugirango hirindwe umurongo wa gaze ya gaze ituruka kumyuka mibi yumwuka.

. Imyanda ikora karubone itunganywa hakurikijwe imyanda ishobora guteza akaga. Amashanyarazi nibikoresho bifata ibisasu -bishushanyo mbonera.

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3. Umwanzuro

Muri make, kugabanya igihombo cyumuti mwinshi mukubyara inyama zinka za selulose ether nigabanuka ryibiciro, kandi nigikorwa cya ngombwa kugirango umuryango uharanira kurengera ibidukikije no kubungabunga ubuzima bwabakozi. Mugutunganya isesengura ryisesengura ryibicuruzwa biva mu musaruro, ingamba zijyanye no kongera imyuka ihumanya ikirere; noneho uburyo bwo kongera gukoresha neza uburyo bwo kugarura ibintu butezimbere mugutezimbere igishushanyo mbonera cyibikoresho bikoresha ingufu za karubone: Umutekano. Kugirango rero twongere inyungu zishingiye ku mutekano.