Cellulose Ether kuri Epoxy Resin

Ipamba yimyanda hamwe nigituba bikoreshwa nkibikoresho fatizo, kandi bigashyirwa mumazi ya alkaliselile ethermunsi yibikorwa bya 18% alkali hamwe nuruhererekane rwinyongera. Noneho koresha epoxy resin mugushushanya, igipimo cya molar ya epoxy resin na fibre alkali ni 0.5: 1.0, ubushyuhe bwa reaction ni 100°C, igihe cyo kubyitwaramo ni 5.0h, ibipimo bya catalizator ni 1%, naho igipimo cya etherification ni 32%. Epoxy selulose ether yabonetse ivangwa na 0,6mol Cel-Ep na 0.4mol CAB kugirango ihuze ibicuruzwa bishya bitwikiriye nibikorwa byiza. Imiterere yibicuruzwa byemejwe na IR.

Amagambo y'ingenzi:selile ether; synthesis; CAB; Ibikoresho

Cellulose ether ni polymer karemano, ikorwa na condensation yaβ-glucose. Cellulose ifite urwego rwo hejuru rwa polymerisation, urwego rwiza rwerekezo, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwiza. Irashobora kuboneka hifashishijwe imiti ivura selile (esterification cyangwa etherification). Urukurikirane rw'ibikomoka kuri selile, ibyo bicuruzwa bikoreshwa cyane muri plastiki, udusanduku twa sasita ya biodegradable, udusanduku twinshi two mu modoka, ibice by'imodoka, icapiro wino, ibifunga, n'ibindi. guhora waguka, gahoro gahoro sisitemu yinganda. Iyi nsanganyamatsiko ni ugukoresha ibiti by'imyanda cyangwa imyanda kugirango ihindurwe muri fibre ngufi na lye, hanyuma igashushanyirizwa mu buryo bwa shimi hanyuma igahinduka kugirango ikore ubwoko bushya bwo gutwikira butigeze buvugwa muri iyo nyandiko.

1. Ubushakashatsi

1.1 Ibikoresho n'ibikoresho

Ipamba yanduye (yogejwe kandi yumishijwe), NaOH, 1,4-butanediol, methanol, thiourea, urea, epoxy resin, acet anhydride, aside butyric, trichloroethane, aside aside, glyoxal, toluene, CAB, nibindi (Ubuziranenge ni CP urwego) . Magna-IR 550 ya infragre ya spekrometrike yakozwe na sosiyete ya Nicolet yo muri Amerika yakoreshejwe mugutegura ingero zifunze tetrahydrofuran. Tu-4 viscometer, ubwoko bwa FVXD3-1 burigihe burigihe ubushyuhe bwigenga bugenzurwa namashanyarazi yamashanyarazi, yakozwe nuruganda rukora imashini za Weihai Xiangwei; kuzenguruka viscometer NDJ-7, ubwoko bwa Z-10MP5, byakozwe n'uruganda rukora ibikoresho bya Shanghai Tianping; uburemere bwa molekuline bupimwa na Ubbelohde viscosity; Gutegura no gupima firime yamabara bizakorwa hubahirijwe ubuziranenge bwigihugu GB-79.

1.2 Ihame ry'imyitwarire

1.3

Synthesis ya epoxy selulose: Ongeramo 100g ya fibre ya fagitire yacaguwe mumashanyarazi ahoraho yiyobora amashanyarazi akurura amashanyarazi, ongeramo oxyde hanyuma ukore muminota 10, hanyuma ushyiremo inzoga na alkali kugirango ukore lye yibanda kuri 18%. Ongeraho umuvuduko A, B, nibindi kugirango winjire. Reba ku bushyuhe runaka munsi ya vacuum mumasaha 12, kuyungurura, kumisha no gupima 50g ya selile ya alkalize, kongeramo umusemburo uvanze kugirango ukore akajagari, ongeramo catalizator na epoxy resin hamwe nuburemere bwihariye bwa molekile, ubushyuhe bugera kuri 90 ~ 110℃kuri etherification reaction 4.0 ~ 6.0h kugeza reaction zidakwiye. Ongeramo aside formike kugirango ubuze kandi ukureho alkali irenze, tandukanya igisubizo cyamazi na solvent, oza hamwe na 80℃amazi ashyushye kugirango akuremo umunyu wa sodium, hanyuma yumuke kugirango ukoreshwe nyuma. Ubusembwa bwimbere bwapimwe hamwe na viscometer ya Ubbelohde hanyuma uburemere bwa molekile buringaniye bubazwe ukurikije ibitabo.

Acetate butyl selulose yateguwe ukurikije uburyo bwubuvanganzo, ipima 57.2g yipamba itunganijwe, ongeramo 55g ya anhydride ya acetike, 79g ya acide butyric, 9.5g ya acetate ya magnesium, 5.1g ya acide sulfurike, koresha butyl acetate nkumuti, hanyuma ukore kuri ubushyuhe runaka kugeza bujuje ibisabwa, butabangamiwe no kongeramo sodium acetate, kugwa, kuyungurura, gukaraba, kuyungurura, no gukama kugirango bikoreshwe nyuma. Fata Cel-Ep, ongeramo urugero rukwiye rwa CAB hamwe na solide yihariye ivanze, shyushya hanyuma ushyire kuri 0.5h kugirango ukore amazi amwe, hanyuma gutegura firime ya coating hamwe nikizamini cyo gukora ukurikiza uburyo bwa GB-79.

Kumenya urwego rwa esterifike ya acetate ya selile: banza ushonga acetate ya selile muri dimethyl sulfoxide, ongeramo urugero rwinshi rwumuti wa alkali kubushyuhe na hydrolyze, hanyuma utange igisubizo cya hydrolyzed hamwe nigisubizo gisanzwe cya NaOH kugirango ubare ibyo kurya byose bya alkali. Kumenya ibirimo amazi: Shyira icyitegererezo mu ziko kuri 100 ~ 105°C gukama kuri 0.2h, gupima no kubara kwinjiza amazi nyuma yo gukonja. Kumenya kwinjiza alkali: gupima urugero rwinshi, kubishonga mumazi ashyushye, ongeramo icyerekezo cya methyl violet, hanyuma witondere hamwe na 0.05mol / L H2SO4. Kumenya impamyabumenyi yo kwaguka: Gupima urugero rwa 50g, kuyijanjagura no kuyishyira mu muyoboro urangije, soma ingano nyuma yo kunyeganyega kw'amashanyarazi, hanyuma uyigereranye n'ubunini bw'ifu ya selulose idahwitse kugirango ubare urwego rwagutse.

2. Ibisubizo n'ibiganiro

2.1 Isano iri hagati ya alkali yibanze hamwe na selile yo kubyimba

Imyitwarire ya selile hamwe nubunini bwumuti wa NaOH irashobora gusenya kristu ya buri gihe kandi itunganijwe ya selile kandi bigatuma selile yabyimba. Kandi kwangirika gutandukanye kugaragara muri lye, kugabanya urwego rwa polymerisation. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko urugero rwo kubyimba selile hamwe nubunini bwa alkali guhuza cyangwa adsorption byiyongera hamwe na alkali. Urwego rwa hydrolysis rwiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwubushyuhe. Iyo alkali yibanze kuri 20%, urugero rwa hydrolysis ni 6.8% kuri t = 100°C; urwego rwa hydrolysis ni 14% kuri t = 135°C. Muri icyo gihe, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko iyo alkali irenze 30%, urugero rwa hydrolysis ya selile ya selile igabanuka cyane. Iyo alkali yibanda kuri 18%, ubushobozi bwa adsorption hamwe nubushyuhe bwamazi aribwo ntarengwa, kwibumbira hamwe bikomeza kwiyongera, bigabanuka cyane mubibaya, hanyuma bigahinduka buhoro buhoro. Mugihe kimwe, iyi mpinduka irumva neza ingaruka zubushyuhe. Munsi ya alkali yibanze, mugihe ubushyuhe buri hasi (<20°C), urugero rwo kubyimba kwa selile ni nini, kandi amazi ya adsorption ni menshi; ku bushyuhe bwinshi, urugero rwo kubyimba n'amazi ya adsorption ni ngombwa. gabanya.

Fibre ya alkali ifite amazi atandukanye nibirimo alkali byagenwe nuburyo bwo gusesengura X-ray ukurikije ibitabo. Mubikorwa nyabyo, 18% ~ 20% lye ikoreshwa mugucunga ubushyuhe runaka kugirango yongere urugero rwa selile. Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko selile yatewe no gushyushya 6 ~ 12h irashobora gushonga mumashanyarazi. Hashingiwe kuri uku kuri, umwanditsi atekereza ko gukomera kwa selile bigira uruhare rukomeye mu rwego rwo gusenya imigozi ya hydrogène hagati ya molekile ya selile mu gice cya kristalline, hagakurikiraho urugero rwa hydrogène yo gusenya amatsinda ya glucose ya C3-C2. Uko urwego rwinshi rwa hydrogène rwangirika, niko urwego rwo kubyimba rwa fibre ya alkali, kandi hydrogène ya hydrogène irangirika burundu, kandi hydrolyzate ya nyuma ni ikintu gishonga amazi.

2.2 Ingaruka yihuta

Ongeramo inzoga nyinshi-zitetse mugihe cya alkalisiyumu ya selile irashobora kongera ubushyuhe bwa reaction, kandi ukongeramo akantu gato ka moteri nka alcool yo hasi na thiourea (cyangwa urea) birashobora guteza imbere cyane kwinjira no kubyimba kwa selile. Mugihe ubunini bwa alcool bwiyongera, alkali yinjira muri selile yiyongera, kandi hari impinduka zitunguranye mugihe intumbero ari 20%, bishobora kuba aruko inzoga imwe rukumbi yinjira muri molekile ya selile kugirango ihuze hydrogène na selile, ikingira selile. molekile Guhuza hydrogène hagati y'iminyururu n'iminyururu ya molekile byongera urugero rw'imivurungano, byongera ubuso, kandi byongera urugero rwa alkali adsorption. Nyamara, mubihe bimwe, alkali iyinjizwa ryibiti byimbaho ​​ni bike, kandi umurongo uhinduka muburyo buhindagurika. Irashobora kuba ifitanye isano na selile nkeya muri selile yibiti, irimo lignine nyinshi, ibuza kwinjira mu nzoga, kandi ikagira amazi meza kandi ikarwanya alkali.

2.3

Ongeramo 1% B ya catalizator, ugenzure ubushyuhe butandukanye, kandi ukore etherification ihindura hamwe na epoxy resin na fibre fibre. Igikorwa cya etherification reaction ni gito kuri 80°C. Igipimo cyo guteranya Cel ni 28% gusa, kandi ibikorwa bya etherification byikubye hafi 110°C. Urebye uko ibintu byifashe nka solvent, ubushyuhe bwa reaction ni 100°C, kandi igihe cyo kubyitwaramo ni 2.5h, kandi igipimo cya Cel gishobora kugera kuri 41%. Mubyongeyeho, mugice cyambere cya etherification reaction (<1.0h), kubera reaction itandukanye hagati ya alkali selulose na epoxy resin, igipimo cyo gutera ni gito. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa Cel etherification, bigenda bihinduka buhoro buhoro reaction, nuko reaction Igikorwa cyiyongereye cyane, kandi igipimo cyo guterana cyariyongereye.

2.4 Isano iri hagati yikigereranyo cya Cel no kwikuramo

Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko nyuma yo gushushanya epoxy resin hamwe na alkali selulose, ibintu bifatika nko kwangirika kwibicuruzwa, gufatira hamwe, kurwanya amazi, hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro birashobora kunozwa cyane. Ikizamini cya Solubility Igicuruzwa gifite igipimo cya Cel <40% kirashobora gushonga muri alcool yo hasi, resin ya alkyd, aside aside polyacrylic, aside acrylic pimaric nibindi bisigarira. Cel-Ep resin ifite ingaruka zigaragara zo gukemura.

Ufatanije n'ikizamini cya firime, ibivanze hamwe nigipimo cya 32% ~ 42% muri rusange bifite aho bihurira neza, kandi ibivanze hamwe nigipimo cya <30% bifite imiterere mibi hamwe nuburabyo buke bwa firime; igipimo cyo gutera hejuru kiri hejuru ya 42%, kurwanya amazi abira, kurwanya inzoga, hamwe na polar organic solvent anti-firime ya coating iragabanuka. Kugirango tunonosore ibintu bifatika kandi bitwikire, umwanditsi yongeyeho CAB akurikije formula iri mu mbonerahamwe ya 1 kugirango arusheho gukemura no guhindura kugirango ateze imbere kubana kwa Cel-Ep na CAB. Uruvange rugizwe na sisitemu igereranijwe. Uburinganire bwimiterere yububiko buvanze bikunda kuba bito cyane kandi ukagerageza kuba muburyo bwa nano-selile.

2.5 Isano iri hagati ya Cel-Ikigereranyo cya Ep / CAB hamwe nibintu bifatika

Ukoresheje Cel-Ep kugirango uhuze na CAB, ibisubizo byikizamini byerekana ko selile ya selile ishobora kuzamura cyane imiterere yibikoresho, cyane cyane byumye. Ibigize neza bya Cel-Ep biragoye gukama mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Nyuma yo kongeramo CAB, ibikoresho byombi bifite imikorere igaragara yuzuzanya.

2.6 Kugaragaza ibimenyetso bya FTIR

3. Umwanzuro

(1) Pamba selulose irashobora kubyimba kuri 80°C hamwe na 18% yibanze kuri alkali hamwe nuruhererekane rwinyongera, kongera ubushyuhe bwa reaction, kongera igihe cyo kubyitwaramo, kongera urwego rwo kubyimba no kwangirika kugeza byuzuye hydrolyz.

:°C, igihe ni 5h, igipimo cya catalizator ni 1%, naho igipimo cya etherification gishobora kugera kuri 32% ~ 42%.

.