Cellulose ether inganda ziterambere

Ubwa mbere, imikorere yimikorere ya selile ether inganda

Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubwubatsi, ibiribwa, ubuvuzi, imiti ya buri munsi nizindi nganda, isoko ryisi yose ku bicuruzwa bitari ionic selulose ether byazamutse vuba mumyaka yashize. Nyuma ya 2000, selile ya ether inganda ziterambere ryihuse mugihugu cyacu, ibicuruzwa birakungahaye, kandi bitezimbere igipimo cyibikorwa bidasubirwaho ku ntambwe, icyiciro cya toni igihumbi muri buri kigo cyubucuruzi cyatsinze, ibicuruzwa biva hasi cyane bikabije, ubwiza buturuka kubicuruzwa bimwe kugeza isaranganya ryibicuruzwa byinjira buhoro buhoro ku isoko risaba, kuzamura cyane ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa byo hagati bigenda buhoro buhoro kugeza ku rwego mpuzamahanga, Kuva mu bihugu bitumiza mu mahanga kugeza mu mahanga byohereza ibicuruzwa hanze. Kugeza ubu, uruganda rukora selile zo mu bwoko bwa selile hafi 70, zikwirakwizwa cyane muri Shandong, Jiangsu, Henan, Hebei na Chongqing n'ahandi. Dukurikije amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara n’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda mu Bushinwa Cellulose, umusaruro wa ether wa selulose mu Bushinwa mu 2017 wari toni 373.300, wiyongereyeho 17.3% umwaka ushize. Bikaba bikoreshwa cyane cyane mubikoresho byubaka, ubuvuzi nibiribwa HPMC ihagarariwe niterambere rya ionic selulose ether selulose ether inganda ziterambere ryinganda nimbaraga nshya zo gutwara, 2017 umusaruro wa toni zigera ku 180.000, bingana na 48% byumusaruro rusange wa selile yo murugo.

Cellulose ether ninyongera nyamukuru igira ingaruka kumyubakire ya minisiteri. Ingano ya selulose ether ni mike cyane, ariko irashobora kunoza imikorere yimikorere yibicuruzwa bya minisiteri. Nigice cyingenzi cyibisanzwe byumye bivanze na minisiteri idasanzwe yumye. HPMC muri minisiteri yumye ivanze nkuhagarariye ether ya selile idafite ionic, ikoreshwa cyane mugushiraho ikimenyetso, gutwikira hejuru, paste ceramic tile hanyuma ikongerwamo sima. Cyane cyane muri sima ya sima ivanze nubunini bwa HPMC irashobora kongera ubukonje, kubika amazi, gutinda buhoro hamwe ningaruka zo kwinjiza ikirere, kuzamura cyane cyane ceramic tile binder, putty nibindi bicuruzwa bikora neza, kurwanya ubukonje no kurwanya ubushyuhe, imbaraga zogosha no gukata, kugirango tunoze imikorere yubwubatsi bwibikoresho byubwubatsi, kunoza ubwubatsi nubwubatsi bwimashini.

Mu myaka yashize, leta ikomeje kwita ku kurengera ibidukikije mu mijyi, Komisiyo y’igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura, Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi, Minisiteri y’imiturire n’iterambere ry’imijyi n’icyaro n’izindi nzego zibishinzwe byatangaje kandi bishyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza agenga ikoreshwa rya minisiteri ivanze yumye. Kugeza ubu, imijyi irenga 300 yo mu Bushinwa yashyizeho politiki ijyanye no gukoresha minisiteri ivanze yumye. Iterambere ryihuse rya minisiteri ivanze yumye yatumye ubwiyongere bwisoko rya HPMC. Muri gahunda yimyaka 13 yimyaka itanu, guteza imbere ikoreshwa ryibikoresho bishya byubaka (harimo ibikoresho bishya byurukuta, ibikoresho byo gutwika amashyuza, kubaka ibikoresho bitarinda amazi, ibikoresho byo gushushanya nibindi byiciro bine byibikoresho byibanze) nicyerekezo cyiterambere cyunganirwa na inganda zigihugu, ahazaza h'ibicuruzwa bya HPMC bizaba bifite umwanya munini witerambere.

Umubare wuzuye wibikoresho byubwubatsi urwego rwa selulose ether, ibikoresho byubwubatsi urwego rwa selile ether muri 2017 dosiye ya toni 123.000 cyangwa irenga, selulose ether ibyingenzi byinshi byingenzi bikoreshwa mububiko bwa ceramic tile binder, sisitemu yo kubika urukuta rushyigikira minisiteri, putty, isanzwe ivanze na minisiteri, gypsumu ishingiye ibicuruzwa, kashe, imitako ishushanya, ALC masonry mortar na plaster, minisiteri yimbere. Mubisabwa haruguru, inganda zokwirinda hamwe ninganda zivanze na minisiteri zishingiye cyane kubwubatsi bushya, mugihe izindi porogaramu zagize uruhare runini mu kuvugurura no kuvugurura inyubako zisanzwe, twavuga ko ziri mu nzira yo gukura. Ukurikije iyi mibare, isoko rusange risabwa riziyongera muri 2018.

Inganda za selile zo mu mahanga zatangiye kare, hamwe na Dow Chemical, Yiletai, itsinda rya Ashlan nkuhagarariye inganda zibyara umusaruro muburyo bwo gukora no mubikorwa biri kumwanya wambere. Bitewe nikoranabuhanga, uruganda rwa selulose ether rwibanze cyane cyane rutanga ibicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro bifite inzira yoroheje ugereranije nibikorwa byoroheje ugereranije, kandi tekinoroji yo hejuru nibicuruzwa byongerewe agaciro ntabwo byamamaye mubushinwa. Ibikoresho byo kubaka urwego rwa selulose ether umushinga wo kubaka ni mugufi, ibicuruzwa birakoreshwa cyane, harigihe rero haribintu byo kwaguka mu buryo butemewe ninganda, guhatanira imidugararo ku isoko biganisha ku bushobozi burenze, ntabwo bwuzuza amakuru y'ibarurishamibare, ubushobozi bwa selile ya ether. mu Bushinwa ni toni zigera ku 250.000, inyinshi muri zo ni ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hasi byo mu rwego rwo hejuru.

Hamwe n’iterambere ry’ibisabwa na Leta mu kurengera ibidukikije, ibihugu 2015 byashyizeho amazi y’amazi akomeye, ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, mu kwiba, ntabwo gutunganya amazi y’amazi y’umusaruro, ibicuruzwa bihindagurika n’umushinga w’umunyu w’ibicuruzwa bigenda bigengwa buhoro buhoro, ntabwo kuzamura ubushobozi bw’inganda buhoro buhoro, muri hebei, shandong nahandi, inganda zimwe na zimwe za selulose ether zahagaritswe, Irushanwa ridahwitse ryinganda za selireose zizatera imbere.

Babiri, selulose ether iterambere ryinganda zingenzi

(a) ibintu byingirakamaro bigira ingaruka kumajyambere yinganda za selile

1. Imbaraga za politiki yigihugu no guteza imbere ingufu zongerewe ingufu

Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa yasohoye inganda z’ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi “gahunda y’iterambere rya cumi na kabiri-y’imyaka itanu” “yerekanye ko ibikoresho by’ubwubatsi byo mu bwoko bwa selulose ether nk'inyongeramusaruro ikora neza, bishobora guteza imbere gufata neza ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi, ubukonje, kuzigama ingufu, kurengera ibidukikije, bijyanye n’icyerekezo cya politiki y’inganda. “Ibikoresho bishya byubaka” cumi na kabiri “Gahunda yiterambere” yimyaka cumi n'itanu Yerekanye ko umutekano, kurengera ibidukikije, kuzigama ingufu ibikoresho bishya byubaka (harimo ibikoresho bishya byurukuta, ibikoresho byo kubika amashyuza, ibikoresho bitarinda amazi, ibikoresho byo gushushanya nibindi byiciro bine byibikoresho byibanze ) ni "cumi na kabiri yimyaka itanu" mugihe cyo guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya byubaka. Ongeramo selile ether irashobora kunoza no kunoza imikorere yibikoresho bishya byurukuta, ibikoresho byo gushushanya inyubako nibindi bikoresho byubwubatsi, harimo ikibaho cya gypsumu, minisiteri yubushyuhe bwumuriro, imashini ivanze yumye, PVC resin, irangi rya latx, nibindi, bijyanye nibisabwa ningufu. kuzigama no kurengera ibidukikije. Leta ishishikarizwa guteza imbere ibikoresho bishya byubaka, bifasha mu kongera HPMC ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu.

2, ubukungu bwigihugu guteza imbere iterambere ryinganda

Mu myaka 30 ishize, ubukungu bw’igihugu cy’Ubushinwa bwakomeje iterambere rirambye kandi ryihuse, urwego rusange rw’inganda zibishinzwe ndetse n’imibereho y’abaturage narwo rwarateye imbere cyane, ether ya selile izwi ku izina rya “inganda MONOsodium glutamate”, ikoreshwa cyane muri ibice bitandukanye byubukungu bwigihugu, iterambere ryubukungu byanze bikunze bizamura iterambere ryinganda za selile. Hamwe nogutezimbere ubuzima bwabantu no kumenyekanisha ibidukikije, HPMC nkiyi selile idafite ionic selile izasimbuza buhoro buhoro ibindi bikoresho, kandi bizakoreshwa cyane kandi bitezimbere.

3. Kongera isoko ku isoko no gutanga icyizere cyiterambere

Minisiteri ishinzwe imiturire n’iterambere ry’imijyi n’icyaro ivuga ko gukoresha ingufu mu nyubako birenga 28 ku ijana by’ubushinwa bukoresha ingufu zose. Muri metero kare zigera kuri miriyari 40 z'inyubako zisanzwe, 99% zikoresha ingufu nyinshi, hamwe no gukoresha ingufu zishyushya kuri buri gace kangana ninshuro 2-3 n’ibihugu byateye imbere bifite uburinganire busa. Mu mwaka wa 2012, Minisiteri ishinzwe imiturire n’iterambere ry’imijyi n’icyaro yashyize ahagaragara gahunda y’imyubakire y’ingufu zo kubungabunga ingufu z’imyaka cumi n'ibiri n’imyaka itanu, ivuga ko mu 2015, intego ya metero kare miliyoni 800 z’inyubako nshya z’icyatsi; Igihe cyo gutegura kirangiye, hejuru ya 20% yinyubako nshya zo mumijyi zizaba zujuje ubuziranenge bwicyatsi kibisi, umusaruro wibikoresho bishya byurukuta bizaba hejuru ya 65% yibikoresho byose byurukuta, kandi umubare wibisabwa byubaka uzagera barenga 75%. HPMC nk'inyubako nshya yubaka ibikoresho, izasimbuza selile gakondo ya selile izakoreshwa mubikoresho bishya byubaka, ibyifuzo byisoko ni binini.

(B) ibintu bibi bigira ingaruka kumajyambere yinganda za selile

1, umubare wibikorwa byumusaruro, amarushanwa adahwitse arakaze

Cellulose ether umushinga wo kubaka ni ngufi, biganisha ku mishinga yo mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga yinjiye mu murima, ku buryo ibintu byo kwaguka bikunze. Muri byo, hari umubare munini w’inganda ntoya zitanga umusaruro, inyinshi muri zo zikaba zifite ishoramari rito, urwego ruto rwa tekiniki, ibikoresho byoroheje byo gukora, ingamba zuzuye zo kurengera ibidukikije, hamwe n’umwanda ukabije w’ibidukikije mu gihe cy’umusaruro. Ibicuruzwa bidahenze byazanywe nigiciro gito byuzuza isoko, bivamo igiciro kimwe nubwiza bwibicuruzwa, kandi isoko iri mumarushanwa adahwitse. Mu myaka yashize, kurengera ibidukikije byafatanywe uburemere na leta, kandi ibisabwa n’ibigo bitanga umusaruro byatejwe imbere. Ibigo bito bidashobora gukosora no kuzamura bizagenda buhoro buhoro biva ku isoko, kandi irushanwa ridahwitse rya selile ether rizatezwa imbere.

2. Inganda zo murugo zatangiye bitinze kurwego rwa tekinike

Inganda za selulose ether zatangiye kare mubihugu byateye imbere, inganda zizwi cyane n’inganda nizo zitanga isoko ry’isoko ryo ku rwego rwo hejuru ku isi, kandi zikanayobora ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rya selile. Inganda za selile zo mu Bushinwa zatangiye bitinze, ugereranije n’ibihugu byateye imbere, Ubushinwa bugira uruhare mu bushakashatsi n’umusaruro wa selile ya selile mu rwego rw’abakozi bake, urwego rwo hejuru rw’abakozi babigize umwuga biragaragara ko rudahagije, hari icyuho runaka mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere na tekinoroji yo gukoresha ya selile ether. Bitewe no gukoresha bidahagije byikoranabuhanga hamwe nububiko bwimpano, uruganda rukora selile zo mu gihugu imbere kugirango rutange ibicuruzwa rusange, kubikenewe byihariye byabakiriya bo munsi yimbere ibicuruzwa byihariye, biragoye guhaza byimazeyo ibyo abakiriya bakeneye, kugabanya agaciro kongerewe kubicuruzwa no guhatanira isoko. .