Cellulose ether muri minisiteri ivanze

Uruhare rwingenzi rwa selulose ether muri minisiteri ivanze:

Muri minisiteri yuzuye ivanze, selile yongeyeho selile iri hasi cyane, ariko irashobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya minisiteri itose, ubwubatsi bwa minisiteri ninyongera ikomeye. Guhitamo gushyira mu gaciro ubwoko butandukanye, ubwiza butandukanye, ubunini butandukanye, ubunini butandukanye ndetse no kongera umubare wa selile ether

Muri minisiteri yuzuye ivanze, selile yongeyeho selile iri hasi cyane, ariko irashobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya minisiteri itose, ubwubatsi bwa minisiteri ninyongera ikomeye. Guhitamo neza kwa selile ether hamwe nubwoko butandukanye, ubwiza butandukanye, ubunini butandukanye, urugero rwinshi rwinshi hamwe nubunini bwiyongereye bigira ingaruka nziza mukuzamura imitungo yumye. Kugeza ubu, amabuye menshi yo kubumba no guhomeka afite imikorere mibi yo gufata amazi, kandi gutandukanya amazi bizabaho nyuma yiminota mike uhagaze.

Kubika amazi nigikorwa cyingenzi cya methyl selulose ether, ariko kandi nabenshi mubakora uruganda rwumye rwumuti, cyane cyane mukarere ka majyepfo y’abakora ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bahangayikishijwe n’imikorere. Mu bintu bigira ingaruka ku gufata amazi ya minisiteri yumye harimo ingano ya MC, ubwiza bwa MC, ubwiza bwibice hamwe nubushyuhe bwibidukikije.

Cellulose ether ni polymer yubukorikori ikozwe muri selile naturel nkibikoresho fatizo muguhindura imiti. Ether ya selile ni inkomoko ya selulose karemano, umusaruro wa selile ether na polymer synthique iratandukanye, ibikoresho byayo byibanze ni selile, ibinyabuzima bya polymer bisanzwe. Bitewe nuburyo bwihariye bwimiterere ya selile, selile ubwayo ntabwo ifite ubushobozi bwo kubyitwaramo na etherifying agent. Ariko, nyuma yo kuvura imiti yabyimbye, imiyoboro ikomeye ya hydrogène hagati yiminyururu ya molekile no mumurongo yarangiritse, kandi ibikorwa byitsinda rya hydroxyl ryarekuwe muri alkali selulose ifite ubushobozi bwo kubyitwaramo, kandi ether ya selile yabonetse binyuze mubitekerezo bya ETHERifying agent - OH itsinda muri -OR itsinda.

Ibiranga selile ya selile biterwa nubwoko, umubare nogukwirakwiza insimburangingo. Itondekanya rya selulose ether nayo ishingiye kubwoko bwinsimburangingo, urwego rwa etherification, solubilité hamwe nibisabwa bifitanye isano. Ukurikije ubwoko bwinsimburangingo kumurongo wa molekile, irashobora kugabanywamo ether imwe hamwe na ether ivanze. Ubusanzwe MC ikoreshwa nka ether imwe, mugihe HPMC ni ether ivanze. Methyl selulose ether MC nigice gisanzwe cya selile glucose kuri hydroxyl metoxide yasimbujwe nuburyo bwimiterere yibicuruzwa ni [COH7O2 (OH) 3-H (OCH3) H] X, hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ether HPMC nigice cya hydroxyl igice cya hydroxyl ya mikorerexide yasimbuwe na hydroxypropyl, ikindi gice cyibicuruzwa gisimburwa na hydroxypropyl, Inzira yuburyo ni [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-MN (OCH3) M [OCH2CH (OH) CH3] N] X na hydroxyethyl methyl selulose ether HEMC, ariyo ikoreshwa cyane kandi igurishwa ku isoko.

Kuva mubishobora gukemurwa birashobora kugabanywa muburyo bwa ionic n'ubwoko butari ionic. Amazi ashonga adafite ionic selulose ether agizwe ahanini na alkyl ether na hydroxyl alkyl ether ibyiciro bibiri byubwoko. Ionic CMC ikoreshwa cyane cyane munganda zikoreshwa, imyenda, gucapa, ibiryo no gukoresha peteroli. Non-ionic MC, HPMC, HEMC nibindi bikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byubaka, gutwikira latx, ubuvuzi, chimie ya buri munsi nibindi. Nkumubyimba, umukozi wo kubika amazi, stabilisateur, gutatanya, umukozi ukora firime.

Kubika amazi ya selile ya selile: mugukora ibikoresho byubwubatsi, cyane cyane minisiteri yumye, selile ya selile igira uruhare rudasubirwaho, cyane cyane mugukora minisiteri idasanzwe (minisiteri yahinduwe), ariko kandi nigice cyingenzi. Uruhare rwingenzi rwa selireose ya elegitoronike ya ether muri minisiteri ifite ibintu bitatu, kimwe nubushobozi buhebuje bwo gufata amazi, icya kabiri ningaruka ziterwa na minisiteri na thixotropy, naho icya gatatu ni imikoranire na sima. Kugumana amazi ya selile ya selile, biterwa nishingiro rya hydroscopicity, ibigize minisiteri, uburebure bwa minisiteri, amazi ya minisiteri, igihe cyo guteranya ibintu. Kugumana amazi ya selile ether ituruka kumashanyarazi no kubura umwuma wa selile ubwayo. Birazwi neza ko iminyururu ya selile ya selile, nubwo irimo umubare munini wamatsinda ya OH afite amazi menshi, ntashobora gushonga mumazi kubera imiterere yabyo. Ubushobozi bwa hydration bwamatsinda ya hydroxyl yonyine ntibihagije kugirango wishyure ingufu za hydrogène intermolecular ningufu za van der Waals. Iyo insimburangingo zinjijwe mumurongo wa molekile, ntabwo insimburangingo zangiza urunigi rwa hydrogène gusa, ariko kandi imigozi ya hydrogène ihuza imiyoboro iracika kubera guhuza insimburangingo hagati yiminyururu yegeranye. Ninini insimburangingo nini, nini intera iri hagati ya molekile. Kurimbuka kwinshi kwingaruka za hydrogène, kwaguka kwa selile ya selile, igisubizo muri selile ya selile ihinduka amazi, gushiramo igisubizo cyinshi. Mugihe ubushyuhe buzamutse, hydrated ya polymer iragabanuka kandi amazi ari hagati yiminyururu yirukanwa. Iyo ingaruka yo kubura umwuma ihagije, molekile zitangira kwegeranya hanyuma gel ikazunguruka mumurongo wibice bitatu.

Mu bintu bigira ingaruka ku gufata amazi ya minisiteri harimo selile ya ether viscosity, dosiye, ubwiza bwa selile hamwe nubushyuhe bwa serivisi.

Ninini cyane ya selulose ether, niko gukora neza amazi. Viscosity nikintu cyingenzi cyimikorere ya MC. Kugeza ubu, abakora MC batandukanye bakoresha uburyo nibikoresho bitandukanye kugirango bapime ubwiza bwa MC. Uburyo nyamukuru burimo Haake Rotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde na Brookfield. Kubicuruzwa bimwe, ibisubizo bya viscosity byapimwe nuburyo butandukanye biratandukanye cyane, bimwe nibitandukaniro byinshi. Kubwibyo, mugihe ugereranije viscosity, bigomba gukorwa hagati yuburyo bumwe bwikizamini, harimo ubushyuhe, rotor, nibindi.

Muri rusange, uko ubukonje buri hejuru, ningaruka nziza yo gufata amazi. Nyamara, uko ubukonje buri hejuru, niko uburemere bwa molekile ya MC buri hejuru, kandi imikorere yo gusesa izagabanuka uko bikwiye, bigira ingaruka mbi kumbaraga no mubikorwa bya minisiteri. Iyo hejuru yubukonje, niko bigaragara cyane kubyimbye bya minisiteri, ariko ntabwo bihuye nubusabane. Iyo hejuru yubukonje, minisiteri itose izarushaho gukomera, haba mubwubatsi, imikorere ya scraper yometse hamwe no gufatira hejuru kubintu fatizo. Ariko ntabwo ari byiza kongera imbaraga zimiterere ya minisiteri itose. Mugihe cyo kubaka, imikorere irwanya sag ntabwo igaragara. Ibinyuranyo, ibishishwa bike ariko byahinduwe na methyl selulose ethers bifite imikorere myiza mugutezimbere imiterere yimiterere ya minisiteri.

Kurenza selile ya selile yongewe kuri minisiteri, imikorere myiza yo gufata amazi, niko hejuru yubukonje, nuburyo bwiza bwo gufata amazi.

Kubunini buke, nibyiza cyane, niko gufata amazi neza. Ibice binini bya selulose ether ihura namazi, hejuru ihita ishonga hanyuma igakora gel kugirango ipfundike ibikoresho kugirango irinde molekile zamazi gukomeza kwinjira, rimwe na rimwe umwanya muremure ntushobora gukwirakwira neza gushonga, gushiraho igisubizo cyibyondo cyangwa ibyondo cyangwa aglomerate. Ubushobozi bwa selile ether ni kimwe mubintu byo guhitamo selile. Ubwiza nabwo ni indangagaciro yingenzi ya methyl selulose ether. MC kuri minisiteri yumye isaba ifu, amazi make, hamwe nubunini bwa 20% ~ 60% ingano ya 63um. Ubwiza bugira ingaruka kuri methyl selulose ether. Ubusanzwe MC isanzwe ni granulaire kandi irashobora gushonga byoroshye mumazi idateranije, ariko umuvuduko wo gushonga uratinda cyane, kubwibyo ntibikwiriye gukoreshwa mumashanyarazi yumye. Muri minisiteri yumye, MC ikwirakwizwa hagati yuzuye, yuzuza neza nibikoresho bya sima nka sima, kandi ifu yonyine ihagije irashobora kwirinda gufatira methyl selulose ether mugihe ivanze namazi. Iyo MC yongeyeho amazi yo gushonga agglomerate, biragoye cyane kuyitatanya no kuyashonga. MC ifite ubwiza buke ntabwo ari imyanda gusa, ahubwo inagabanya imbaraga zaho za minisiteri. Iyo minisiteri yumye yubatswe ahantu hanini, umuvuduko wo gukiza wa minisiteri yumye iragabanuka cyane, bikavamo gucika biterwa nigihe cyo gukira. Kubikoresho byo gutera imashini, kubera igihe gito cyo kuvanga, ubwiza buri hejuru.

Ubwiza bwa MC nabwo bugira uruhare runini mukubungabunga amazi. Muri rusange, kuri methyl selulose ether ifite ubwiza bumwe ariko bwiza butandukanye, ibyiza byo gufata amazi nibyiza mugihe cyo kongeramo.

Kugumana amazi ya MC nabyo bifitanye isano n'ubushyuhe bwakoreshejwe, kandi kubika amazi ya methyl selulose ether bigabanuka hamwe no kuzamuka kwubushyuhe. Ariko mubikorwa bifatika bifatika, ibidukikije byinshi bya minisiteri yumye akenshi bizaba biri mubushyuhe bwo hejuru (hejuru ya dogere 40) mugihe cyo kubaka muri substrate ishyushye, nko kwizuba ryizuba ryurukuta rwinyuma rushyizwemo plaque, akenshi byihutisha gukomera kwa sima hamwe na minisiteri yumye gukomera. Kugabanuka kw'igipimo cyo gufata amazi biganisha ku kumva neza ko byombi byubaka ndetse no guhangana. Muri ubu buryo, kugabanya ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe biba ingenzi cyane. Nubwo inyongeramusaruro ya methyl hydroxyethyl selulose ether ifatwa nkaho iri ku isonga mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, kuba biterwa n'ubushyuhe bizakomeza gutuma intege nke za minisiteri yumye. Ndetse hamwe no kwiyongera kwa methyl hydroxyethyl selulose ya dosiye (formula yo mu cyi), kurwanya no gucika intege ntibishobora guhaza ibikenewe gukoreshwa. Binyuze mu buryo bwihariye bwo kuvura MC, nko kongera urugero rwa etherification, ingaruka yo gufata amazi ya MC irashobora gukomeza ingaruka nziza munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, kuburyo ishobora gutanga imikorere myiza mubihe bibi.

Mubyongeyeho, selile ya ether kubyimbye hamwe na thixotropy: selile ether igikorwa cya kabiri - kubyibuha biterwa na: selireose ether polymerisation, igisubizo cyibisubizo, igipimo cyogosha, ubushyuhe nibindi bihe. Imiterere ya gelation yumuti yihariye kuri alkyl selulose nibiyikomokaho. Ibiranga gelation bifitanye isano nurwego rwo gusimbuza, kwibanda kubisubizo hamwe ninyongera. Kuri hydroxyl alkyl ikomokaho, imiterere ya gel nayo ijyanye nurwego rwa hydroxyl alkyl ihinduka. Kubisubizo byibisubizo bya viscosity nkeya MC na HPMC birashobora gutegurwa 10% -15% yumuti wibisubizo, ubukonje buciriritse MC na HPMC burashobora gutegurwa igisubizo 5% -10%, kandi ubukonje bwinshi MC na HPMC burashobora gutegurwa gusa 2% -3 % igisubizo, kandi mubisanzwe selileose ether viscosity amanota nayo ni kuri 1% -2% igisubizo kumanota. Uburemere bukabije bwa selile selile ether kubyimbye neza, guhuriza hamwe igisubizo, polimeri yuburemere butandukanye ifite ububobere butandukanye, ubukonje nuburemere bwa molekuline bishobora kugaragazwa gutya, [η] = 2.92 × 10-2 (DPn) 0.905, DPn ni impuzandengo urwego rwa polymerisation rwo hejuru. Uburemere buke bwa selile selile ether kugirango wongere byinshi kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kwiyegereza. Ubukonje bwarwo ntibushingiye cyane ku gipimo cyogosha, ubwiza bwinshi kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kwiyegeranya, amafaranga akenewe kugirango yongereho make, ibishishwa biterwa no kubyimba neza. Kubwibyo, kugirango ugere kumurongo umwe, umubare runaka wa selulose ether (concentration yumuti) hamwe nubwiza bwibisubizo bigomba kwemezwa. Ubushyuhe bwa gelation yumuti bwagabanutse cyane hamwe no kwiyongera kwumuti wibisubizo, kandi gelation yabaye mubushyuhe bwicyumba nyuma yo kugera kumurongo runaka. HPMC ifite ubushyuhe bwinshi cyane mubushyuhe bwicyumba.

Ihame rishobora kandi guhindurwa muguhitamo ingano ya selile na selile ya selile hamwe nimpamyabumenyi zitandukanye zo guhindura. Ibyo bita guhindura ni ugutangiza hydroxyl alkyl groupe murwego runaka rwo gusimbuza imiterere ya skeleton ya MC. Muguhindura igereranyo cyo gusimbuza indangagaciro zibiri zasimbuwe, ni ukuvuga, DS na MS ugereranije nindangagaciro zo gusimbuza imikorere ya hydroxyl. Ibintu bitandukanye bya selulose ether birasabwa muguhindura agaciro kagereranya indangagaciro zubwoko bubiri bwinsimburangingo.

Isano iri hagati yo guhuzagurika no guhinduka: kongeramo ether ya selile bigira ingaruka kumikoreshereze yamazi ya minisiteri, kandi bigahindura igipimo cyamazi gihuza amazi na sima, ningaruka yo kwiyongera. Iyo dosiye iri hejuru, niko gukoresha amazi menshi.

Ether ya selile ikoreshwa mubikoresho byubaka ifu igomba gushonga vuba mumazi akonje kandi igatanga guhuza neza na sisitemu. Niba igipimo cyogosha cyatanzwe kiracyari flocculent na colloidal nigicuruzwa kitujuje ubuziranenge cyangwa cyiza.

Hariho kandi umurongo mwiza mwiza hagati ya sima slurry idahwitse hamwe na dosiye ya selulose ether, selulose ether irashobora kongera cyane ububobere bwa minisiteri, uko dosiye nini, niko bigaragara ingaruka. Cellulose ether amazi yo mumazi hamwe nubukonje bwinshi afite thixotropy nyinshi, nikimwe mubiranga selile ya ether. Ibisubizo byamazi ya polimeri yubwoko bwa MC mubisanzwe bifite pseudoplastique, non-thixotropic fluidity munsi yubushyuhe bwa gel, ariko imitungo ya Newtonian itembera ku gipimo gito. Pseudoplastique yiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwuburemere bwa molekuline cyangwa kwibumbira hamwe kwa selile ether kandi ntigengwa nubwoko bwinsimburangingo. Kubwibyo, selile ethers yo murwego rumwe rwijimye, yaba MC, HPMC cyangwa HEMC, burigihe yerekana imiterere imwe ya rheologiya mugihe cyose ubushyuhe nubushyuhe bikomeza guhoraho. Iyo ubushyuhe bwiyongereye, gel yubatswe ikorwa kandi tixotropique itemba ibaho. Ethers ya selile ifite ubukana bwinshi hamwe nubukonje buke bwerekana thixotropy ndetse no munsi yubushyuhe bwa gel. Uyu mutungo ufite inyungu nyinshi mukubaka inyubako ya minisiteri kugirango uhindure imigendekere yimitungo yimanitse. Birakenewe gusobanurwa hano ko uko ubukonje bwa ether ya selireose, niko gufata amazi neza, ariko uko ubukonje bugenda bwiyongera, niko uburemere bwa molekuline bugereranije na selile ya selile, kugabanuka gukwiranye kwayo, bigira ingaruka mbi kuri kwibanda kuri minisiteri no gukora imirimo yo kubaka. Iyo hejuru yubusembwa, niko bigaragara cyane kubyimbye bya minisiteri, ariko ntabwo ari isano yuzuye. Ubukonje buke, ariko bwahinduwe na selulose ether mugutezimbere imbaraga zimiterere ya minisiteri itose ifite imikorere myiza cyane, hamwe no kwiyongera kwijimye, selile ya ether yabitswe neza.

Cellulose ether retardation: selulose ether uruhare rwa gatatu nugutinda inzira ya hydrata ya sima. Cellulose ether iha minisiteri nibintu bitandukanye byingirakamaro, ariko kandi igabanya ubushyuhe bwambere bwamazi ya sima, bikadindiza inzira ya hydrata ya sima. Ibi ntabwo ari byiza gukoresha minisiteri ahantu hakonje. Ubu bwoko bwo kudindiza ni selile ya ether molekile adsorption kuri CSH na Ca (OH) 2 hydrata yatewe na, bitewe no kwiyongera kwimyanda ya pore, selulose ether igabanya ibikorwa bya ion mugisubizo, bityo bikadindiza inzira yo kuyobora. Iyo hejuru ya selulose ether yibikoresho bya minerval gel, niko bigaragara ingaruka zo gutinda kwa hydration. Cellulose ether ntabwo idindiza igenamigambi gusa, ahubwo inakomera inzira yo gukomera kwa sisitemu ya minisiteri. Ingaruka zo kudindiza selile ya selile ntabwo ziterwa gusa nubunini bwayo muri sisitemu ya minerval gel, ahubwo binaterwa nimiterere yimiti. Urwego rwo hejuru rwa methylation ya HEMC, nibyiza ingaruka zo kudindiza selile. Ingaruka mbi yo gusimbuza hydrophilique irakomeye kuruta iyongera amazi. Ariko ubwiza bwa selile ether ntacyo bugira kuri hydration kinetics ya sima.

Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa selile ya ether, igihe cyo gushiraho minisiteri cyiyongera cyane. Igihe cyambere cyo gushiraho minisiteri ifite umurongo mwiza uhuza nibiri muri selile ya ether, kandi igihe cyanyuma cyo gushiraho gifite umurongo mwiza uhuza nibiri muri selile ya ether. Turashobora kugenzura igihe cyo gukora cya minisiteri duhindura dosiye ya selile ether.

Mu ncamake, muri minisiteri ivanze, selulose ether igira uruhare mukubungabunga amazi, kubyimba, gutinda ingufu za sima, kunoza imikorere yubwubatsi. Ubushobozi bwiza bwo gufata amazi butuma hydrata ya sima irushaho kuba nziza, irashobora kunoza ubwiza bwamazi ya minisiteri itose, kunoza imbaraga zo guhuza za minisiteri, igihe cyagenwe. Ongeramo selile ether kuri mashini yo gutera imashini irashobora kunoza imikorere yo gutera cyangwa kuvoma hamwe nimbaraga zububiko bwa minisiteri. Kubwibyo, selulose ether ikoreshwa cyane nkinyongera yingirakamaro muri minisiteri ivanze.