Ethers ya selulose ni polymers zitandukanye zishonga mumazi zikomoka kuri selile, polymer karemano iboneka murukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima. Izi ether zifite imiterere yihariye nko kubyimba, gutuza, gukora firime, no kubika amazi, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bitandukanye nkubuvuzi, ibiryo, amavuta yo kwisiga, nubwubatsi. Muri ethers ya selile, hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) nibikomokaho bibiri byingenzi, buri kimwe gifite imitungo nibisabwa.
1. Intangiriro kuri selile ya ether
A. Imiterere ya Cellulose n'ibiyikomokaho
Incamake ya selile:
Cellulose ni polymer igizwe numurongo wa glucose uhujwe na β-1,4-glycosidic.
Ikungahaye ku rukuta rw'utugingo ngengabuzima kandi itanga ubufasha bwubaka no gukomera kumubiri.
Inkomoko ya selile ya selile:
Ethers ya selile ikomoka kuri selile ikoresheje guhindura imiti.
Ethers yatangijwe kugirango yongere imbaraga kandi ihindure imikorere.
2. Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)
A. Imiterere na synthesis
Imiterere ya shimi:
HEC ibonwa na etherification ya selile hamwe na okiside ya Ethylene.
Amatsinda ya Hydroxyethyl asimbuza hydroxyl mumatsinda ya selile.
Impamyabumenyi yo gusimbuza (DS):
DS bivuga impuzandengo ya hydroxyethyl matsinda kuri anhydroglucose.
Ihindura ibisubizo, viscosity nibindi bintu bya HEC.
B. Kamere
Gukemura:
HEC irashonga mumazi akonje kandi ashyushye, itanga uburyo bworoshye.
Viscosity:
Numuhinduzi wa rheologiya, bigira ingaruka kubyimbye no gutembera kwumuti.
Biratandukanye na DS, kwibanda hamwe nubushyuhe.
Gushinga firime:
Gukora firime ibonerana hamwe na adhesion nziza.
C. Gusaba
ibiyobyabwenge:
Byakoreshejwe nkibyimbye muburyo bwa dosiye.
Kunoza ubwiza no gutuza kwijisho ryamaso.
Irangi hamwe n'ibifuniko:
Yongera ubwiza kandi itanga ibintu byiza cyane.
Kunoza irangi hamwe no gutuza.
Ibicuruzwa byita ku muntu:
Biboneka muri shampo, cream n'amavuta yo kwisiga nkibyimbye na stabilisateur.
Itanga uburyo bwiza bwo kwisiga.
3. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)
A. Imiterere na synthesis
Imiterere ya shimi:
HPMC ikomatanyirizwa mu gusimbuza amatsinda ya hydroxyl hamwe na mikoro ya hydroxypropyl.
Etherification ibaho mugukora hamwe na oxyde ya propylene na methyl chloride.
Methoxy na hydroxypropyl gusimbuza:
Itsinda rya mikorerexy ritanga umusemburo, mugihe hydroxypropyl groupe igira ingaruka nziza.
B. Kamere
Ubushyuhe bwa Thermal:
Yerekana ihindagurika ryumuriro, ikora geles mubushyuhe bwinshi.
Irashobora gukoreshwa mugutegekwa kurekura imiti.
Kubika amazi:
Ubushobozi buhebuje bwo gufata amazi, bigatuma bukoreshwa mubikorwa byubwubatsi.
Igikorwa cyo hejuru:
Erekana ibintu bisa nkibintu bifasha guhagarika emulisiyo.
C. Gusaba
Inganda zubaka:
Ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bigumana amazi muri sima ishingiye kuri sima.
Kunoza imikorere no gufatira kumatafari.
ibiyobyabwenge:
Bikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bwo kuvura imiti.
Korohereza irekurwa ryibiyobyabwenge bitewe nubushobozi bwacyo bwo gukora gel.
inganda z'ibiribwa:
Gukora nkibyimbye na stabilisateur mubiribwa.
Itanga uburyo bunoze hamwe numunwa munzira zimwe.
4. Isesengura rigereranya
A. Itandukaniro muri synthesis
HEC na HPMC synthesis:
HEC ikorwa no gukora selile hamwe na okiside ya Ethylene.
HPMC synthesis ikubiyemo gusimbuza kabiri mumikorere ya hydroxypropyl.
B. Itandukaniro ryimikorere
Gukemura no Kwishishanya:
HEC irashonga mumazi akonje kandi ashyushye, mugihe solubilité ya HPMC yibasiwe nibirimo mumatsinda.
HEC muri rusange yerekana ububobere buke ugereranije na HPMC.
Imyitwarire ya gel:
Bitandukanye na HPMC, ikora geles zidasubirwaho, HEC ntabwo ihura nubushyuhe bwumuriro.
C. Itandukaniro mubisabwa
Kubika amazi:
HPMC ihitamo kubikorwa byubwubatsi kubera uburyo bwiza bwo gufata amazi.
Ubushobozi bwo gukora film:
HEC ikora firime zisobanutse neza kandi zifatika, bigatuma zikoreshwa mubikorwa bimwe na bimwe aho gukora firime ari ngombwa.
5 Umwanzuro
Muri make, hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) nibintu byingenzi bya selile bifite imiterere yihariye nibisabwa. Imiterere yihariye yimiti, uburyo bwa synthesis, hamwe nibikorwa bikora bituma bahinduka mubikorwa bitandukanye. Gusobanukirwa itandukaniro riri hagati ya HEC na HPMC birashobora kugufasha gufata icyemezo kiboneye muguhitamo selile nziza ya ether kugirango ubisabe, haba muri farumasi, ubwubatsi, amarangi cyangwa ibicuruzwa byita kumuntu. Mugihe ikoranabuhanga ritera imbere hamwe na siyanse, ubushakashatsi burashobora kwerekana byinshi mubikorwa no guhindura, bityo bikazamura akamaro ka ether ya selile mubice bitandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-11-2023