Gucukura ibyondo hamwe no gutobora amazi birasa?

Sobanukirwa n'amazi yo gucukura

Amazi yo gucukura, azwi kandi ku gucukura ibyondo, akora nk'ibintu byinshi bikenewe mu bikorwa byo gucukura mu nganda zitandukanye, harimo peteroli na gaze, geothermal, n'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro. Intego yacyo yibanze ni ugufasha mu gucukura ibyobo, kubungabunga umutekano w’amazi meza, gukonjesha no gusiga amavuta bito, gutwara ibice byimyitozo hejuru, no gukumira ibyangiritse. Amazi yo gucukura ni uruvange rugoye rugizwe nibice bitandukanye byujuje ibisabwa byihariye byo gucukura.

Ibigize Amazi yo gucukura:

Fluid Base: Amazi yibanze agize urufatiro rwamazi yo gucukura kandi arashobora kuba amazi, amavuta, cyangwa ashingiye kuri sintetike, bitewe nuburyo bwo gucukura namabwiriza y’ibidukikije. Amazi ashingiye kumazi akunze gukoreshwa bitewe nigiciro cyabyo ndetse no kubungabunga ibidukikije.

Inyongeramusaruro: Inyongeramusaruro zinjizwa mumazi yo gucukura kugirango yongere imikorere yayo kandi ikemure ibibazo byihariye byahuye nabyo mugihe cyo gucukura. Izi nyongeramusaruro zirimo viscosifiseri, ibikoresho byo kugenzura iyungurura, amavuta yo kwisiga, inhibitori ya shale, imiti iremereye, hamwe nubushakashatsi bwo gutakaza amazi.

Ibikoresho byo gupima: Ibikoresho bipima nka barite cyangwa hematite, byongeweho kugirango byongere ubwinshi bwamazi yo gucukura, bibafasha gukora igitutu gihagije cyo guhangana ningutu ziterwa no guhura nimbaraga.

Abahindura Rheologiya: Abahindura Rheologiya bagenzura imiterere yimyunyu ngugu ya dring, bigatuma ihagarikwa rihagije ryimyitozo ngororamubiri hamwe nogutwara neza kubutaka. Abahindura imvugo isanzwe irimo bentonite, polymers, na ganthan gum.

Inhibitori ya ruswa: Inhibitori ya ruswa yashizwemo kugirango irinde ibikoresho byo gucukura hamwe nibice byo kumanuka kubintu byangirika biboneka mumazi.

Biocide: Biocide irinda imikurire ya bagiteri na mikorobe mu mazi yo gucukura, bikagabanya ibyago byo kwangirika kwa mikorobe (MIC) no gukomeza amazi neza.

Gutandukanya ibyondo byo gucukura n'amazi yo gucukura

Mugihe gucukura ibyondo hamwe no gutobora amazi akoreshwa muburyo bumwe, abanyamwuga bamwe bashushanya itandukaniro riri hagati yamagambo yombi ukurikije imitungo yabo nibisabwa.

Icyondo cyo gucukura: Ubusanzwe, gucukura ibyondo bivuga cyane cyane amavuta yo gucukura ashingiye kumavuta. Gucukura ibyondo mubisanzwe birimo amazi yibanze agizwe nibikomoka kuri peteroli cyangwa amavuta yubukorikori. Amavuta ashingiye ku mavuta atanga ibyiza nko kunoza amavuta, ubushyuhe bwo hejuru, hamwe no kongera imiyoboro myiza.

Amazi yo gucukura: Ibinyuranye, amazi yo gucukura akubiyemo icyiciro kinini gikubiyemo amazi ashingiye kumazi hamwe n’amavuta, hamwe n’amazi ashingiye ku buhanga. Amazi yo gucukura ashingiye kumazi, agize igice kinini cyibikorwa byo gucukura, bakunze kwita gusa amazi yo gucukura. Amazi ashingiye kumazi akundwa mubintu byinshi byo gucukura bitewe n’ibidukikije bihuye, igiciro gito, kandi byoroshye kujugunywa.

Porogaramu n'imbogamizi

Porogaramu:

Gucukura ubushakashatsi: Amazi yo gucukura agira uruhare runini mubikorwa byo gucukura ubushakashatsi, aho intego nyamukuru ari ugusuzuma geologiya yo munsi no kumenya ibigega bya hydrocarubone.

Kubaka Iriba: Mugihe cyo kubaka iriba, gucukura amazi bifasha muguhagarika iriba, kugenzura imikazo, no korohereza ishyirwaho rya sima na sima.

Isuzuma ryimiterere: Amazi yo gucukura atuma habaho kugarura ingero zifatika kandi bikorohereza tekinike zitandukanye zo gusuzuma, harimo gutema no gupima.

Inzitizi:

Impungenge z’ibidukikije: Kujugunya amazi yo gucukura bitera ibibazo by’ibidukikije, cyane cyane mu bikorwa byo gucukura ku nyanja aho amabwiriza akomeye agenga gusohora mu nyanja.

Ibyangiritse: Amazi yo gucukura atateguwe neza arashobora kwangiza imiterere, bikangiza umusaruro mwiza no kuramba. Kugenzura ibiyigize hamwe nibiyungurura nibyingenzi kugirango ugabanye ibi byago.

Gutakaza Amazi: Gutakaza amazi, cyangwa kwinjira mumazi yo gucukura mu mikorere, birashobora gutuma habaho ihungabana ryiza, gutakaza umuvuduko, no kugabanya imikorere yo gucukura. Kwinjizamo uburyo bwiza bwo kugenzura ibihombo ni ngombwa kugirango iki kibazo gikemuke.

mugihe ijambo "gucukura icyondo" na "dring fluid" rikoreshwa kenshi muburyo bumwe, birashobora kwerekanwa muburyo butandukanye hamwe nibisabwa murwego rwo gucukura. Amazi yo gucukura akora nkibintu byinshi byingenzi mu gucukura ibyobo, bitanga imikorere nko gusiga amavuta, gutwara ibiti, no guhagarara neza. Yaba ishingiye ku mazi, ashingiye ku mavuta, cyangwa mu buryo bwa sintetike, ibigize amazi yo gucukura byateguwe kugira ngo bikemure ibibazo byihariye byo gucukura mu gihe hubahirizwa amabwiriza y’ibidukikije. Mugusobanukirwa nuburyo bukomeye bwo gucukura amazi yimyitwarire hamwe nimyitwarire, abashinzwe gucukura no kubakoresha barashobora guhindura imikorere yo gucukura mugihe hagabanijwe ingaruka z’ibidukikije no guharanira ubusugire bwiza.