I. Incamake
Nka kimwe mu bikoresho fatizo byo gutwikira, ingano yinyongera mubisanzwe ni nto cyane (muri rusange hafi 1% yuburyo bwose), ariko ingaruka ni nini. Kwiyongera kwayo ntigushobora kwirinda gusa inenge nyinshi zifatika hamwe nubusembwa bwa firime, ariko kandi birashobora gutuma inzira yubwubatsi nubwubatsi bwa coating byoroha kugenzura, kandi kongeramo inyongeramusaruro zimwe zishobora guha igifuniko imirimo imwe n'imwe idasanzwe. Kubwibyo, inyongeramusaruro nigice cyingenzi cyimyenda.
2. Gutondekanya inyongeramusaruro
Ibisanzwe bikoreshwa mubyongewemo harimo ibintu birwanya imiti igabanya ubukana, kubyimbye, kuringaniza imiti, imiti igenzura ifuro, porotokoro ya adhesion, gusiba no gukwirakwiza ibintu, nibindi.
3. Imikorere nogukoresha inyongeramusaruro
(1) Umukozi urwanya kurwanya gutuza
Ibyinshi muri ibyo bicuruzwa bishingiye kuri polyolefine, bikwirakwizwa muri solvent zimwe na zimwe, rimwe na rimwe bigahinduka hamwe n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli. Izi nyongeramusaruro ziza muburyo butatu: amazi, paste, nifu.
1. Imiterere ya rheologiya:
Igikorwa nyamukuru cyimikorere yibintu birwanya kurwanya gutuza ni ukugenzura ihagarikwa ryibara - ni ukuvuga gukumira gutuza cyane cyangwa kwirinda gutura burundu, aribwo buryo bwabo busanzwe bukoreshwa. Ariko mubikorwa, bitera kwiyongera kwijimye kandi nanone murwego runaka rwo kurwanya sag, cyane cyane mubitambaro byinganda. Ibikoresho birwanya kurwanya gutuza bizashonga bitewe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bityo bitakaza imbaraga, ariko imvugo zabo zizakira nkuko sisitemu ikonje.
2. Gukoresha imiti igabanya ubukana:
Kugirango itume anti-gutuza ikora neza mugutwikira, igomba gutatana neza kandi igakora. Intambwe zihariye nizi zikurikira:
(1) Gutose (ifu yumye gusa). Ifu yumye kama anti-sedimentation agent ni igiteranyo, kugirango itandukane ibice, bigomba guhanagurwa na solvent na (cyangwa) resin. Mubisanzwe birahagije kubyongeramo gusya hamwe no guhagarika umutima.
(2) Deagglomeration (gusa ifu yumye). Imbaraga zo kwegeranya imiti igabanya ubukana ntabwo ikomeye cyane, kandi kuvanga byoroshye imivurungano birahagije mubihe byinshi.
(3) Gutatanya, gushyushya, igihe cyo gutatanya (ubwoko bwose). Ibikoresho byose birwanya anti-sedimentation bifite ubushyuhe buke bwo gukora, kandi niba bitagerwaho, niyo imbaraga zo gukwirakwiza zingana gute, ntihazabaho ibikorwa bya rheologiya. Ubushyuhe bwo gukora buterwa na solve yakoreshejwe. Iyo ubushyuhe ntarengwa burenze, guhangayikishwa gukoreshwa bizakora imiti igabanya ubukana kandi itanga umukino wuzuye mubikorwa byayo.
(2) Thickener
Hariho ubwoko butandukanye bwibibyibushye bikoreshwa mumashanyarazi ashingiye kumazi. Ubwoko busanzwe bwibibyibushye bikoreshwa mumazi yo mumazi ni: ethers ya selulose, polyacrylates, umubyimba wa Associate hamwe na organic organique.
1. Ikoreshwa cyane rya selile ether umubyimba ni hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC). Ukurikije ubwiza, hari ibisobanuro bitandukanye. HEC nigicuruzwa cyifu yamazi yamazi, nikibyimbye kitari ionic. Ifite ingaruka nziza yo kubyimba, kurwanya amazi meza no kurwanya alkali, ariko ibibi byayo nuko byoroshye gukura ibumba, kubora, kandi bifite imitungo iringaniye.
2. Umuvuduko mwinshi wa polyacrylate ni emulion ya acrylate copolymer ifite ibintu byinshi bya karubisi, kandi ikintu kinini kiranga ni ukurwanya neza kwibasirwa. Iyo pH ari 8-10, ubu bwoko bwo kubyimba burabyimba kandi byongera ubwiza bwicyiciro cyamazi; ariko iyo pH irenze 10, irashonga mumazi ikabura ingaruka zayo. Kubwibyo, hari sensibilité nini kuri pH. Kugeza ubu, amazi ya amoniya niyo akoreshwa cyane muguhindura pH mugushushanya amarangi ya latex mubushinwa. Kubwibyo, mugihe ubu bwoko bwo kubyimba bwakoreshejwe, agaciro ka pH kazagabanuka hamwe no guhindagurika kwamazi ya amoniya, kandi ingaruka zayo nazo zizagabanuka.
3. Kwibumbira hamwe bifitanye isano nuburyo butandukanye bwo kubyimba. Ibibyimbye byinshi bizana viscosity binyuze mumazi no gushiraho imiterere ya gel idakomeye muri sisitemu. Nyamara, umubyimba wa Associative, kimwe na surfactants, ufite ibice bya hydrophilique hamwe nibice byamavuta yumuhondo woza umunwa muri molekile. Ibice bya hydrophilique birashobora gutwarwa no kubyimba kugirango umubyimba wamazi. Amatsinda ya nyuma ya lipophilique arashobora guhuzwa nuduce twa emulsiyo nuduce twa pigment. guhuza gushiraho imiterere y'urusobe.
4. Ububyimbye bwa organic organique bugereranwa na bentonite. Ubusanzwe amazi ashingiye kuri bentonite arabyimba iyo akuyemo amazi, kandi ingano nyuma yo gufata amazi yikubye inshuro nyinshi ubwambere. Ntabwo ikora gusa kubyimbye, ahubwo irinda kurohama, kugabanuka, no kureremba. Ingaruka yacyo yibyiza iruta iyindi ya alkali-yabyimbye acrylic na polyurethane yibyibushye mubwinshi. Mubyongeyeho, ifite kandi intera nini yo guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere, guhagarara neza no gukonjesha ibinyabuzima. Kuberako idafite ibishishwa byamazi, amazi meza muri firime yumye arashobora kubuza kwimuka kwamazi no gukwirakwira, kandi birashobora kongera imbaraga zo kurwanya amazi ya firime.
(3) umukozi uringaniza
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwo kuringaniza abakozi bakunze gukoreshwa:
1. Yahinduye ubwoko bwa polysiloxane urwego rwo kuringaniza
Ubu bwoko bwo kuringaniza ibintu bushobora kugabanya cyane uburemere bwubuso bwikibiriti, kunoza ubushuhe bwikibiriti kuri substrate, no kwirinda kugabanuka; irashobora kugabanya itandukaniro ryimiterere yubuso hejuru yubuso bwa firime itose bitewe no guhindagurika kwa solvent, kunoza imiterere yimiterere, no gukora Irangi iringanizwa vuba; ubu bwoko bwo kuringaniza bushobora kandi gukora firime yoroheje cyane kandi yoroshye hejuru ya firime ya coating, bityo bikazamura ubworoherane nuburabyo bwa firime yububiko.
2. Urunigi rurerure rwubwoko bwurwego ruringaniza rufite aho ruhurira
Nka acrylate homopolymer cyangwa copolymer, ishobora kugabanya uburemere bwubuso bwa coater hamwe na substrate kurwego runaka kugirango bitezimbere ubushuhe kandi birinde kugabanuka; kandi irashobora gukora urwego rumwe rwa molekulari hejuru yubuso bwa firime yo gutwikira kugirango yongere uburemere bwubuso bwa Homogenize, itezimbere amazi yimbere, ibuza umuvuduko ukabije wihuta, ikuraho inenge nkibishishwa bya orange nibimenyetso bya brush, kandi ikore firime ya coating neza kandi ndetse.
3. Kuringaniza umukozi ufite ingingo yo guteka cyane nkibice byingenzi
Ubu bwoko bwo kuringaniza ibintu bushobora guhindura igipimo cya volatilisation ya solvent, kugirango firime yipfundikire igire igipimo cyinshi cyo guhindagurika hamwe nubwishyu mugihe cyo kumisha, kandi ikabuza urujya n'uruza rwamafirime kutabangamirwa nihungabana ryihuse kandi kandi ubukonje buri hejuru cyane, bikavamo ingaruka mbi zingana, kandi birashobora gukumira kugabanuka guterwa no kudashonga kwinshi kwibikoresho fatizo hamwe nubushyuhe buterwa no guhindagurika kwihuta cyane.
(4) Umukozi ushinzwe kugenzura ifuro
Ibikoresho byo kugenzura ifuro byitwa kandi antifoaming agents cyangwa defoaming agents. Imiti irwanya ifuro irinda cyangwa itinda kurema ifuro: Imiti irwanya ifuro ni surfactants iturika ibibyimba byakozwe. Itandukaniro riri hagati yibi byombi ni theoretical gusa kurwego runaka, defoamer yatsinze irashobora kandi kubuza ko habaho ifuro nka antifoam agent. Muri rusange, antifoaming agent igizwe nibice bitatu byibanze: ibice bikora (urugero, umukozi ukora); gukwirakwiza agent (irahari cyangwa idahari); umwikorezi.
(5) Ibikoresho byo guhanagura no gukwirakwiza
Ibikoresho byo guhanagura no gutatanya bishobora kuba bifite ibikorwa bitandukanye, ariko imirimo ibiri yingenzi ni ukugabanya igihe na / cyangwa ingufu zisabwa kugirango urangize inzira yo gutatanya mugihe uhagaritse gukwirakwiza pigment. Ibikoresho byoza no gutatanya mubisanzwe bigabanijwemo ibi bikurikira
Ibyiciro bitanu:
1. Umukozi wohanagura Anionic
2. Umukozi wo gutunganya amazi
3. Ibikoresho bitagira aho bibogamiye, amphoteric wetting agent
4. Imikorere ikora, idafite amashanyarazi idafite amashanyarazi
5. Umukozi utari ionic wetting
Ubwoko bune bwambere bwibintu bitose hamwe nibitatanya birashobora kugira uruhare runini kandi bigafasha gutatanya pigment kuko amaherezo ya hydrophilique afite ubushobozi bwo gukora imvano yumubiri nubumara hamwe nubuso bwa pigment, impande, imfuruka, nibindi, hanyuma bikerekeza mubyerekezo bya Uwiteka. ubuso bwa pigment, mubisanzwe hydrophobic iherezo. Ibikoresho bidafite amazi kandi bikwirakwiza nabyo birimo amatsinda ya hydrophilique, ariko ntibishobora guhuza imibiri yumubiri nubumara hamwe nubuso bwa pigment, ariko birashobora guhuza namazi yamamajwe hejuru yibice bya pigment. Aya mazi ahuza ibice bya pigment hejuru ntabwo bihindagurika kandi biganisha ku kwinjiza ionic na desorption. Surfactant ya desorbed muri iyi resin ni ubuntu kandi ikunda gutera ingaruka nko kutarwanya amazi.
Ibikoresho byo guhanagura no gutatanya bigomba kongerwaho mugihe cyo gukwirakwiza pigment, kugirango harebwe niba ibindi bintu bikora hejuru bishobora guhura cyane na pigment kugirango bigire uruhare rwabo mbere yo kugera hejuru yikintu cya pigment.
Bane. Incamake
Gupfuka ni sisitemu igoye. Nkibigize sisitemu, inyongeramusaruro zongerwaho muke, ariko zigira uruhare runini mubikorwa byayo. Kubwibyo, mugihe utezimbere ibishishwa bishingiye kumyanda, inyongeramusaruro zo gukoresha hamwe na dosiye yabyo bigomba kugenwa binyuze mumubare munini wubushakashatsi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-30-2023