Chifukwa chiyani hydroxypropyl methylcellulose iyenera kuwonjezeredwa kumatope.

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ili ndi gawo lofunikira mumatope, ndiko kuti, kusunga madzi. Mtondo wokhala ndi madzi osasunga bwino ndi osavuta kugawa pamayendedwe, ndipo madzi ndi osavuta kutaya. Ikafalikira pamwamba pa zinthu za porous, madzi ambiri amakhala osavuta kuyamwa. Kusintha ntchito ya matope, kuti zikhudze kuuma kwabwino kwa matope ndi kugwirizana pakati pa zipangizo za chipika, potero kuchepetsa mphamvu ya zomangamanga. Kusungidwa kwamadzi kwa matope kumawonetsedwa ndi digiri ya layering.

Njira yoyesera ya digiri ya stratification ya matope ndi motere: ikani chisakanizo chamatope chatsopano mu tester stratification ndi mainchesi amkati a 15 cm, kutalika kwa kumtunda kwa 20 cm, kutalika kwa gawo la pansi. 10 cm ndi mzere wapansi, ndi kuyeza sedimentation yake. Kenaka muyime kwa mphindi 30, chotsani matope a 20 masentimita pamwamba, sakanizaninso matope otsala a 10 masentimita, muyese digiri ya kumira ndi zikhalidwe zina, ndiye kuti chiwerengero cha matope chikhoza kuwerengedwa mosavuta ndi ife.

Mtondo wokhala ndi madzi osungira bwino uli ndi digiri yaing'ono ya delamination. Nthawi zambiri, pamafunika kutenga 1-2 cm ngati digiri yoyipa ya delamination. Mtondo wokhala ndi digiri ya delamination wamkulu kuposa 2 cm umakhala ndi madzi osasunga bwino ndipo ndi wosavuta kusiyanitsa. Ntchito yomangayo siyibwezeretsa matope ndi digiri ya delamination pafupi ndi ziro. , kusungirako madzi amphamvu, popanda kusanjikiza mmwamba ndi pansi, koma chodabwitsa ichi nthawi zambiri chimayamba chifukwa cha zinthu zambiri za simenti kapena mchenga wabwino kwambiri, kotero kuti matope amatha kuyanika ming'alu ya shrinkage, makamaka osati yoyenera kuyika matope.

01. Zotsatira zakusunga madzi kwa cellulose ya hydroxypropyl pamatope:

Kusungidwa kwamadzi mumatope kumatanthauza kuthekera kwa matope kusunga madzi. Mtondo wokhala ndi madzi osasunga bwino umakonda kukhetsa magazi komanso kupatukana panthawi yoyendetsa ndi kusungirako, ndiko kuti, madzi amayandama pamwamba, ndipo mchenga ndi simenti zimamira pansi. Iyenera kusonkhezeredwanso musanagwiritse ntchito.

Maziko amitundu yonse omwe amafunikira matope kuti amange amakhala ndi mayamwidwe ena amadzi. Ngati kusungirako madzi kwa matope kuli koipa, matope okonzeka okonzeka adzatengedwa mwamsanga pamene matope okonzeka okonzeka akukumana ndi chipika kapena maziko pakugwiritsa ntchito matope. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, pamwamba pa matope amasungunula madzi mumlengalenga, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chinyezi chisakwanira mumatope chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa madzi m'thupi, zomwe zimakhudza kuwonjezereka kwa simenti, ndipo panthawi imodzimodziyo kumakhudza chitukuko chachibadwa cha mphamvu yamatope. , zomwe zimapangitsa mphamvu, makamaka mawonekedwe pakati pa matope owuma ndi maziko. zimakhala zochepa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matope azing'ambika ndi kugwa. Kwa matope okhala ndi madzi osungira bwino, simenti ya hydration ndiyokwanira, mphamvu imatha kupangidwa bwino, ndipo imatha kulumikizidwa bwino ndi gawo loyambira.

Mtondo wosakanizidwa wokonzeka nthawi zambiri umamangidwa pakati pa midadada yomwe imayamwa madzi kapena kufalikira pamunsi, kupanga lonse pamodzi ndi maziko. Zotsatira za kusasungika bwino kwa madzi kwa matope pa ntchito yabwino ndi izi:

1. Chifukwa cha kutayika kwakukulu kwa madzi kuchokera mumatope, zidzakhudza kukhazikika kwabwino ndi kuuma kwa matope, ndikuchepetsa mphamvu yolumikizana pakati pa matope ndi pamwamba, zomwe sizongosokoneza ntchito yomanga, komanso zimachepetsa mphamvu ya zomangamanga, potero kuchepetsa kwambiri khalidwe la polojekiti.

2. Ngati matope sali omangika bwino, madzi amatengedwa mosavuta ndi njerwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matopewo akhale owuma komanso owuma, ndipo ntchitoyo imakhala yosagwirizana. Ntchitoyi ikagwiritsidwa ntchito, sizimangokhudza kupita patsogolo, komanso zimapangitsa kuti khoma likhale losweka chifukwa cha kuchepa;

Choncho, kuwonjezera kusungirako madzi kwa matope sikungopindulitsa kumanga, komanso kumawonjezera mphamvu.

02. Njira yachikhalidwe yosinthira kusungidwa kwamadzi mumatope

Njira yachikhalidwe ndiyo kuthirira maziko, koma sizingatheke kuonetsetsa kuti mazikowo ndi onyowa mofanana. Cholinga chabwino cha hydration cha matope a simenti pamunsi ndi: mankhwala a simenti amadzimadzi amalowa m'munsi pamodzi ndi njira yamadzi yoyamwa madzi, kupanga "kulumikizana kwakukulu" kothandiza ndi maziko, kuti akwaniritse mphamvu yomangira yofunikira.

Kuthirira molunjika pamwamba pa m'munsi kungayambitse kubalalitsidwa kwakukulu mu kuyamwa kwamadzi m'munsi chifukwa cha kusiyana kwa kutentha, nthawi yothirira, ndi kuthirira mofanana. Pansi pake imakhala ndi mayamwidwe ochepa amadzi ndipo idzapitirizabe kuyamwa madzi mumatope. Simenti isanapitirire, madzi amatengedwa, zomwe zimakhudza kulowa kwa simenti hydration ndi hydration mankhwala mu masanjidwewo; tsinde lake lili ndi mayamwidwe aakulu amadzi, ndipo madzi a mumtondo amayenda pansi. Kuthamanga kwapakatikati kumayenda pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ngakhale wosanjikiza wochuluka wa madzi umapangidwa pakati pa matope ndi matrix, zomwe zimakhudzanso mphamvu ya mgwirizano. Choncho, kugwiritsa ntchito wamba m'munsi madzi kuthirira njira osati kulephera bwino kuthetsa vuto la mayamwidwe mkulu madzi pa khoma m'munsi, koma zidzakhudza kugwirizana mphamvu pakati matope ndi m'munsi, chifukwa hollowing ndi akulimbana.

03. Ntchito yosunga madzi moyenera

Kusungidwa kwamadzi kwambiri kwa matope kumakhala ndi zabwino zambiri:

1. Kuchita bwino kwambiri posungira madzi kumapangitsa kuti matope atsegulidwe kwa nthawi yayitali, ndipo ali ndi ubwino womanga malo akuluakulu, moyo wautali wautumiki mu ndowa, ndi kusakaniza batch ndi kugwiritsa ntchito batch.

2. Kuchita bwino kwa kusunga madzi kumapangitsa simenti mumatope kukhala ndi madzi okwanira, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matope agwirizane bwino.

3. Mtondo umakhala ndi ntchito yabwino yosungira madzi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matope asamapatulidwe komanso kukhetsa magazi, komanso amapangitsa kuti matopewo azigwira ntchito bwino komanso amamanga.