Kusintha kwa cellulose ya Hydroxyethyl

Kusintha kwa cellulose ya Hydroxyethyl

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ndi polima wosungunuka m'madzi yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomangamanga, chisamaliro chamunthu, komanso mankhwala. Amapangidwa ndi kusintha kwa mankhwala a cellulose, komwe kumaphatikizapo kulowetsa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa cellulose ndi magulu a hydroxyethyl. Digiri ya m'malo (DS) ya HEC imatha kusiyana kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 2.8, kutengera ntchito.

Kupanga kwa HEC kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zoyeretsera kuti zitsimikizidwe kuti zimakhala zabwino komanso zogwirizana ndi zomaliza. Izi zikuphatikiza:

1. Kuyeretsedwa kwa cellulose: Gawo loyamba pakupanga HEC ndikuyeretsa cellulose. Izi zimaphatikizapo kuchotsa zonyansa, monga lignin ndi hemicellulose, kuchokera ku cellulose, zomwe zingakhale zamkati zamatabwa kapena thonje. Njira yoyeretsera ingaphatikizepo njira zingapo, monga kuthirira, kuchapa, ndi kusefa, kutengera mtundu wa gwero la cellulose.
2. Chithandizo cha alkali: Selulosi yoyeretsedwa imathandizidwa ndi njira ya alkali, monga sodium hydroxide kapena potaziyamu hydroxide, kuti apange alkali cellulose. Izi ndi zofunika kukonzekera mapadi sitepe yotsatira, amene ndi etherification.
3. Etherification: Ma cellulose a alkali amasinthidwa ndi ethylene oxide kuti apange HEC. Izi nthawi zambiri zimachitika pamaso pa chothandizira, monga sodium hydroxide kapena sodium methylate, pa kutentha kwambiri komanso kupanikizika. Zomwe nthawi ndi kutentha zimayendetsedwa mosamala kuti mukwaniritse zomwe mukufuna m'malo.
4. Neutralization: Pambuyo pa etherification reaction, HEC imasinthidwa ndi asidi, monga acetic acid kapena citric acid, kuti asinthe pH kuti ikhale yosalowerera ndale. Gawo ili ndilofunika kuti HEC isawonongeke pakapita nthawi.
5. Kuchapa ndi kuyanika: HEC imatsukidwa ndikuumitsidwa kuchotsa zotsalira zotsalira ndi chinyezi. Njira yowumitsa nthawi zambiri imachitika pakatentha kwambiri kuti HEC isawonongeke.
6. Kuwongolera khalidwe: Gawo lomaliza pakupanga kwa HEC ndikuwongolera khalidwe. HEC imayesedwa pazigawo zosiyanasiyana, monga viscosity, chinyezi, ndi chiyero, kuti zitsimikizire kuti zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Kuphatikiza pa njira zoyenga izi, pali zinthu zingapo zomwe zingakhudze ubwino ndi ntchito ya HEC, kuphatikizapo:

1. Mlingo wolowa m'malo: Mlingo wa kusintha (DS) wa HEC ungakhudze kusungunuka kwake, kukhuthala kwake, ndi mawonekedwe ake. DS yapamwamba ingapangitse HEC yowoneka bwino komanso yofanana ndi gel, pamene DS yotsika ingapangitse HEC yosungunuka komanso yamadzimadzi.
2. Kulemera kwa mamolekyu: Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HEC kungakhudze mamasukidwe ake ndi machitidwe ake. Kulemera kwa maselo kungapangitse HEC yowonjezereka komanso yofanana ndi gel, pamene kulemera kochepa kwa maselo kungapangitse HEC yosungunuka komanso yamadzimadzi.
3. Chiyero: Chiyero cha HEC chingakhudze ntchito yake ndi kukhazikika kwake. Zonyansa, monga zotsalira za alkali kapena chothandizira, zimatha kusokoneza HEC pakapita nthawi ndikusokoneza kusungunuka kwake ndi kukhuthala kwake.
4. pH: PH ya yankho la HEC ingakhudze kukhazikika kwake ndi kukhuthala kwake. PH yomwe ili pamwamba kwambiri kapena yotsika kwambiri ingayambitse HEC kusokoneza kapena kutaya mamasukidwe ake.

HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, binder, ndi emulsifier m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zomangamanga, chisamaliro chaumwini, ndi mankhwala. M'makampani omanga, HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera muzinthu zopangira simenti kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito, kusunga madzi, komanso mphamvu zomatira. Muzinthu zosamalira anthu, HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener ndi stabilizer

kupititsa patsogolo mapangidwe ndi kukhazikika kwa mapangidwe, monga ma shampoos, mafuta odzola, ndi zonona. M'makampani opanga mankhwala, HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati binder ndi disintegrant mumapiritsi a mapiritsi.

Kuonetsetsa kuti HEC ikufunidwa muzogwiritsira ntchito izi, ndikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apamwamba omwe amayengedwa ndikuyesedwa kuti akwaniritse zofunikira. Kuphatikiza pa njira zoyenga zomwe zafotokozedwa pamwambapa, opanga angagwiritsenso ntchito njira zowonjezera, monga kusefera, kuti apitirize kuyeretsa ndi kuyeretsa HEC.

Ponseponse, kukonzanso kwa HEC ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pakupanga kwake kuti zitsimikizire kuti chomaliza chikugwirizana ndi zofunikira zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Njirayi imaphatikizapo njira zingapo, kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa cellulose, mankhwala a alkali, etherification, neutralization, kutsuka ndi kuyanika, ndi kuwongolera khalidwe. Mlingo wa kulowetsedwa, kulemera kwa maselo, chiyero, ndi pH ya HEC zonse zingakhudze ntchito yake ndi kukhazikika kwake, ndipo opanga ayenera kuyang'anira mosamala zinthu izi kuti apange mankhwala apamwamba. Ndi kuwongolera koyenera ndi kuwongolera bwino, HEC ikhoza kupereka zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndi zopindulitsa muzochita zambiri.