Kukonzekera kwa Hydrogel Microspheres kuchokera ku Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Kuyesera kumeneku kumagwiritsa ntchito njira yosinthira kuyimitsidwa kwa polymerization, pogwiritsa ntchito hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ngati zopangira, sodium hydroxide solution ngati gawo lamadzi, cyclohexane monga gawo lamafuta, ndi divinyl sulfone (DVS) monga kuphatikiza kophatikizana kwa Tween- 20 ndi Span-60 monga dispersant, oyambitsa pa liwiro la 400-900r/min kukonzekera hydrogel microspheres.

Mawu ofunikira: hydroxypropyl methylcellulose; hydrogel; ma microspheres; obalalitsa

1.Mwachidule

1.1 Tanthauzo la hydrogel

Hydrogel (Hydrogel) ndi mtundu wa polima wapamwamba kwambiri womwe umakhala ndi madzi ochulukirapo pamaneti ndipo susungunuka m'madzi. Gawo la magulu a hydrophobic ndi zotsalira za hydrophilic zimalowetsedwa mu polima wosungunuka ndi madzi okhala ndi maukonde osakanikirana, ndi hydrophilic Zotsalira zimamangiriza mamolekyu amadzi, kulumikiza mamolekyu amadzi mkati mwa netiweki, pomwe zotsalira za hydrophobic zimatupa ndi madzi kupanga mtanda. - ma polima ogwirizana. Ma jellies ndi ma lens olumikizana m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ndizinthu zonse za hydrogel. Malinga ndi kukula ndi mawonekedwe a hydrogel, akhoza kugawidwa mu macroscopic gel osakaniza ndi tinthu ting'onoting'ono gel osakaniza (microsphere), ndi wakale akhoza kugawidwa mu columnar, porous siponji, fibrous, membranous, ozungulira, etc. The panopa okonzeka microspheres ndi nanoscale microspheres. ali ndi kufewa kwabwino, kusalala, mphamvu yosungira madzi ndi biocompatibility, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofufuza mankhwala omwe agwidwa.

1.2 Kufunika kwa kusankha mutu

M'zaka zaposachedwa, pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira pachitetezo cha chilengedwe, zida za polima za hydrogel pang'onopang'ono zakopa chidwi chambiri chifukwa cha zinthu zabwino za hydrophilic komanso kuyanjana kwawo. Ma hydrogel microspheres adakonzedwa kuchokera ku hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngati zopangira pakuyesaku. Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi si-ionic cellulose ether, ufa woyera, wopanda fungo komanso wopanda kukoma, ndipo uli ndi makhalidwe osasinthika azinthu zina zopangidwa ndi polima, choncho zimakhala ndi kafukufuku wapamwamba pamunda wa polima.

1.3 Chitukuko mdziko muno ndi kunja

Hydrogel ndi mtundu wamankhwala wamankhwala womwe wakopa chidwi kwambiri azachipatala padziko lonse lapansi m'zaka zaposachedwa ndipo wakula mwachangu. Kuyambira pamene Wichterle ndi Lim adasindikiza ntchito yawo yochita upainiya pa HEMA cross-linked hydrogels mu 1960, kufufuza ndi kufufuza kwa ma hydrogel kwapitirizabe kuzama. Chapakati pa zaka za m'ma 1970, Tanaka adapeza ma hydrogel omwe amamva pH poyesa kuchuluka kwa kutupa kwa ma gels okalamba a acrylamide, zomwe zikuwonetsa gawo latsopano pakufufuza kwa ma hydrogel. dziko langa lili mu gawo la chitukuko cha hydrogel. Chifukwa cha kukonzekera kwakukulu kwa mankhwala achi China ndi zigawo zovuta, zimakhala zovuta kuchotsa chinthu chimodzi choyera pamene zigawo zingapo zimagwira ntchito limodzi, ndipo mlingo wake ndi waukulu, kotero kuti chitukuko cha mankhwala achi China hydrogel chikhoza kukhala chochepa.

1.4 Zida zoyesera ndi mfundo

1.4.1 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), yochokera ku methyl cellulose, ndi ether yofunikira yosakanikirana, yomwe ndi ya ma polima osasungunuka m'madzi osagwiritsa ntchito ayoni, ndipo imakhala yopanda fungo, yopanda pake komanso yopanda poizoni.

Industrial HPMC ndi mu mawonekedwe a ufa woyera kapena woyera lotayirira CHIKWANGWANI, ndi njira yake amadzimadzi ali pamwamba ntchito, mkulu poyera ndi ntchito khola. Chifukwa HPMC ali ndi katundu wa gelation matenthedwe, mankhwala njira amadzimadzi ndi usavutike mtima kupanga gel osakaniza ndi precipitates, ndiyeno amasungunula pambuyo kuzirala, ndi kutentha gelation osiyana specifications mankhwala ndi osiyana. The katundu wa specifications osiyana HPMC ndi osiyana. Kusungunuka kumasintha ndi mamasukidwe akayendedwe ndipo sikukhudzidwa ndi mtengo wa pH. Kutsika mamasukidwe akayendedwe, m'pamenenso solubility kwambiri. Pamene zomwe zili mu gulu la methoxyl zimachepa, gel point ya HPMC imawonjezeka, kusungunuka kwa madzi kumachepa, ndipo ntchito ya pamwamba imachepa. M'makampani azachipatala, amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka ngati zinthu zowongolera polima popangira zida zokutira, zida zamakanema, komanso kukonzekera kumasulidwa kosalekeza. Itha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito ngati stabilizer, suspending agent, zomatira piritsi, komanso mamasukidwe akayendedwe.

1.4.2 Mfundo

Pogwiritsa ntchito n'zosiyana gawo kuyimitsidwa polymerization njira, ntchito Tween-20, Span-60 pawiri dispersant ndi Tween-20 monga dispersants osiyana, kudziwa HLB mtengo (surfactant ndi amphiphile ndi hydrophilic gulu ndi lipophilic gulu Molecule, kuchuluka kwa kukula ndi mphamvu Kulinganiza pakati pa gulu la hydrophilic ndi gulu la lipophilic mu molekyulu ya surfactant kumatanthauzidwa ngati pafupifupi kuchuluka kwa hydrophilic-lipophilic balance of the surfactant Cyclohexane imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gawo lamafuta a Cyclohexane amatha kufalitsa bwino njira ya monomer mukuyesera mosalekeza Mlingo ndi 1-5 nthawi ya monomer yankho lamadzimadzi Ndi ndende ya 99% ya divinyl sulfone monga cholumikizira cholumikizira, ndipo kuchuluka kwa wolumikizira kumayendetsedwa pafupifupi 10% ya. misa yowuma ya cellulose, kotero kuti mamolekyu angapo amzere amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake ndikulumikizidwa mu netiweki Katundu yemwe amalumikizana molumikizana kapena amathandizira kapena kupanga ma ionic pakati pa unyolo wa ma polima.

Kukondoweza ndikofunikira kwambiri pakuyesa uku, ndipo liwiro limayendetsedwa pagiya lachitatu kapena lachinayi. Chifukwa kukula kwa liwiro lozungulira kumakhudza mwachindunji kukula kwa ma microspheres. Pamene liwiro lozungulira liri lalikulu kuposa 980r / min, padzakhala chodabwitsa chomata khoma, chomwe chidzachepetse kwambiri zokolola; Cholumikizira cholumikizira chimakonda kupanga ma gels ochulukirapo, ndipo zinthu zozungulira sizingapezeke.

2. Zida zoyesera ndi njira

2.1 Zida Zoyesera

Electronic balance, multifunctional electric stirrer, polarizing microscope, Malvern particle size analyzer.

Kukonzekera ma cellulose hydrogel microspheres, mankhwala akuluakulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi cyclohexane, Tween-20, Span-60, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, divinyl sulfone, sodium hydroxide, madzi osungunuka, onse omwe Monomers ndi zowonjezera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji popanda mankhwala.

2.2 Kukonzekera masitepe a cellulose hydrogel microspheres

2.2.1 Kugwiritsa ntchito Tween 20 ngati dispersant

Kuwonongeka kwa hydroxypropylmethylcellulose. Yeretsani molondola 2g ya sodium hydroxide ndikukonzekera 2% sodium hydroxide solution ndi 100ml volumetric botolo. Tengani 80ml ya yankho la sodium hydroxide ndi kutenthetsa mu osamba madzi pafupifupi 50°C, yezani 0,2g ya cellulose ndikuwonjezera ku yankho la alkaline, gwedezani ndi ndodo yagalasi, ikani m'madzi ozizira kuti musambitse madzi oundana, ndipo mugwiritseni ntchito ngati gawo la madzi mutatha kufotokozedwa. Gwiritsani ntchito silinda yomaliza kuti muyese 120ml ya cyclohexane (gawo lamafuta) mu botolo la makosi atatu, jambulani 5ml ya Tween-20 mu gawo la mafuta ndi syringe, ndikugwedeza pa 700r / min kwa ola limodzi. Tengani theka la gawo lokonzekera lamadzimadzi ndikuwonjezera ku botolo la makosi atatu ndikugwedeza kwa maola atatu. Kuchuluka kwa divinyl sulfone ndi 99%, kuchepetsedwa mpaka 1% ndi madzi osungunuka. Gwiritsani ntchito pipette kutenga 0.5ml ya DVS mu botolo la volumetric 50ml kukonzekera 1% DVS, 1ml ya DVS ndi yofanana ndi 0.01g. Gwiritsani ntchito pipette kutenga 1ml mu botolo la makosi atatu. Onetsetsani kutentha kwa maola 22.

2.2.2 Kugwiritsa ntchito span60 ndi Tween-20 ngati dispersants

Theka lina la gawo la madzi lomwe lakonzedwa kumene. Yesani 0.01gspan60 ndikuwonjezera ku chubu choyesera, tenthetsani mumadzi osambira a madigiri 65 mpaka asungunuke, kenaka mugwetse madontho angapo a cyclohexane mumadzi osamba ndi chotsitsa cha rabara, ndikuwotcha mpaka yankho lisanduka loyera lamkaka. Onjezerani ku botolo la khosi lachitatu, kenaka yonjezerani 120ml ya cyclohexane, sambani chubu choyesera ndi cyclohexane kangapo, kutentha kwa 5min, kuziziritsa kutentha, ndikuwonjezera 0.5ml ya Tween-20. Pambuyo pakuyambitsa kwa maola atatu, 1ml ya DVS yochepetsedwa idawonjezeredwa. Onetsetsani kutentha kwa maola 22.

2.2.3 Zotsatira zoyeserera

The analimbikitsa chitsanzo choviikidwa mu galasi ndodo ndi kusungunuka mu 50ml wa Mowa mtheradi, ndi tinthu kukula anayeza pansi Malvern tinthu sizer. Kugwiritsa ntchito Tween-20 monga dispersant microemulsion ndi thicker, ndi kuyeza tinthu kukula 87.1% ndi 455.2d.nm, ndi tinthu kukula 12,9% ndi 5026d.nm. The microemulsion wa Tween-20 ndi Span-60 wosakaniza dispersant ndi ofanana ndi mkaka, ndi 81.7% tinthu kukula 5421d.nm ndi 18.3% tinthu kukula 180.1d.nm.

3. Kukambitsirana za zotsatira zoyesera

Kwa emulsifier pokonzekera inverse microemulsion, nthawi zambiri ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito hydrophilic surfactant ndi lipophilic surfactant. Izi zili choncho chifukwa kusungunuka kwa surfactant imodzi m'dongosolo kumakhala kochepa. Pambuyo pophatikizana, magulu amtundu wina wa hydrophilic ndi magulu a lipophilic amalumikizana wina ndi mnzake kuti azitha kusungunula. Mtengo wa HLB ndiwonso cholozera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri posankha ma emulsifiers. Posintha mtengo wa HLB, chiŵerengero cha emulsifier chamagulu awiri chikhoza kukonzedwa, ndipo ma microspheres ochulukirapo amatha kukonzekera. Pakuyesa uku, ofooka lipophilic Span-60 (HLB = 4.7) ndi hydrophilic Tween-20 (HLB = 16.7) adagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati dispersant, ndipo Span-20 idagwiritsidwa ntchito yokha ngati dispersant. Kuchokera pazotsatira zoyeserera, zitha kuwoneka kuti pawiri Zotsatira zake ndizabwino kuposa dispersant imodzi. The microemulsion wa pawiri dispersant ndi yunifolomu ndipo ali kugwirizana mkaka ngati kugwirizana; microemulsion pogwiritsa ntchito dispersant imodzi imakhala ndi kukhuthala kwambiri komanso tinthu tating'onoting'ono toyera. Pachimake chaching'ono chikuwoneka pansi pa dispersant ya Tween-20 ndi Span-60. Chifukwa chotheka ndi chakuti kusagwirizana kwapakati pamagulu a Span-60 ndi Tween-20 ndipamwamba, ndipo dispersant palokha imasweka pansi pa kugwedezeka kwakukulu kuti apange Zigawo zabwino zidzakhudza zotsatira zoyesera. Choyipa cha dispersant Tween-20 ndikuti chimakhala ndi maunyolo ambiri a polyoxyethylene (n = 20 kapena apo), zomwe zimapangitsa kuti cholepheretsa chotchinga pakati pa mamolekyu a surfactant chikhale chokulirapo ndipo ndizovuta kukhala wandiweyani pamawonekedwe. Tikayang'ana kuphatikiza kwa tinthu kukula zithunzi, ndi woyera particles mkati akhoza kukhala undispersed mapadi. Choncho, zotsatira za kuyesera uku zikusonyeza kuti zotsatira za kugwiritsa ntchito pawiri dispersant ndi bwino, ndipo kuyesera kungapitirire kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa Tween-20 kuti okonzeka microspheres yunifolomu.

Kuphatikiza apo, zolakwika zina pakuyesa koyeserera ziyenera kuchepetsedwa, monga kukonzekera kwa sodium hydroxide pakusungunuka kwa HPMC, dilution ya DVS, ndi zina zotero, ziyenera kukhazikitsidwa momwe zingathere kuti muchepetse zolakwika zoyeserera. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndi kuchuluka kwa dispersant, liwiro ndi mphamvu ya kusonkhezera, ndi kuchuluka kwa cross-linking wothandizira. Pokhapokha bwino ankalamulira akhoza hydrogel microspheres ndi kubalalitsidwa wabwino ndi yunifolomu tinthu kukula kukonzekera.