Kapangidwe ka Chemical ndi Wopanga Ma cellulose Ethers

Ma cellulose ethers ndi gulu la mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zomangamanga, chakudya, mankhwala, ndi chisamaliro chaumwini. Mankhwalawa amachokera ku cellulose, polima yachilengedwe yomwe imapezeka muzomera, ndipo amapangidwa kudzera mu njira yosinthira mankhwala. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za kapangidwe kake ka cellulose ethers ndi ena mwa omwe amapanga zinthuzi.

Mapangidwe a Chemical a Cellulose Ethers:

Ma cellulose ethers amachokera ku cellulose, polima mzere wopangidwa ndi mayunitsi a shuga olumikizidwa ndi beta-1,4 glycosidic bond. Chigawo chobwerezabwereza cha cellulose chikuwonetsedwa pansipa:

Kusintha kwa mankhwala a cellulose kuti apange ma cellulose ethers kumaphatikizapo kulowetsa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa cellulose ndi magulu ena ogwira ntchito. Magulu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazifukwa izi ndi methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, ndi carboxymethyl.

Methyl cellulose (MC):

Methyl cellulose (MC) ndi cellulose ether yomwe imapangidwa polowa m'malo mwa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa cellulose ndi magulu a methyl. Madigiri olowa m'malo (DS) a MC amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera pa 0.3 mpaka 2.5, kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito. Kulemera kwa mamolekyu a MC nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 10,000 mpaka 1,000,000 Da.

MC ndi ufa woyera, wopanda fungo, wopanda kukoma womwe umasungunuka m'madzi ndi zosungunulira zambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, binder, ndi emulsifier m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chakudya, mankhwala, ndi chisamaliro chaumwini. M'makampani omanga, MC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera pazinthu zopangira simenti kuti zitheke kugwirira ntchito, kusunga madzi, komanso mphamvu zomatira.

Ethyl Cellulose (EC):

Ethyl cellulose (EC) ndi cellulose ether yomwe imapangidwa polowa m'malo mwa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa cellulose ndi magulu a ethyl. Madigiri olowa m'malo (DS) a EC amatha kusiyanasiyana kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 3.0, kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito. Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya EC nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 50,000 mpaka 1,000,000 Da.

EC ndi woyera mpaka woyera, odorless, ndi zoipa ufa kuti ndi insoluble m'madzi koma sungunuka ambiri organic solvents. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati chomangira, chopangira mafilimu, komanso chotulutsa mosalekeza m'makampani opanga mankhwala. Kuphatikiza apo, EC itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zokutira pazakudya ndi zamankhwala kuti zithandizire kukhazikika komanso mawonekedwe awo.

Ma cellulose a Hydroxyethyl (HEC):

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) ndi cellulose ether yomwe imapangidwa ndi m'malo mwa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa cellulose ndi magulu a hydroxyethyl. Mlingo wa kulowetsa (DS) wa HEC ukhoza kusiyana kuchokera ku 1.5 mpaka 2.5, malingana ndi ntchito. Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HEC nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 50,000 mpaka 1,000,000 Da.

HEC ndi ufa woyera, wopanda fungo, komanso wopanda kukoma womwe umasungunuka m'madzi ndi zosungunulira zambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, emulsifier, ndi stabilizer m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo chakudya, mankhwala, ndi chisamaliro chaumwini. M'makampani omanga, HEC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera muzinthu zopangira simenti kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito, kusunga madzi, komanso mphamvu zomatira.

Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) ndi cellulose ether yomwe imapangidwa polowa m'malo mwa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa cellulose ndi hydroxypropyl ndi magulu a methyl. Madigiri olowa m'malo (DS) a HPMC amatha kusiyana kuchokera ku 0.1 mpaka 0.5 m'malo mwa hydroxypropyl ndi 1.2 mpaka 2.5 m'malo mwa methyl, kutengera kugwiritsa ntchito. Kulemera kwa molekyulu ya HPMC nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 10,000 mpaka 1,000,000 Da.

HPMC ndi ufa woyera mpaka woyera, wopanda fungo, komanso wopanda kukoma womwe umasungunuka m'madzi ndi zosungunulira zambiri. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati thickener, binder, ndi emulsifier m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zomangamanga, chakudya, mankhwala, ndi chisamaliro chaumwini. M'makampani omanga, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chowonjezera pazinthu zopangira simenti kuti zitheke kugwirira ntchito, kusunga madzi, komanso mphamvu zomatira.

Opanga Ma cellulose Ethers kunja:

Pali opanga angapo akuluakulu opanga ma cellulose ethers, kuphatikiza Dow Chemical Company, Ashland Inc., Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., AkzoNobel NV, ndi Daicel Corporation.

Dow Chemical Company ndi amodzi mwa omwe amapanga ma cellulose ethers, kuphatikiza HPMC, MC, ndi EC. Kampaniyo imapereka magiredi osiyanasiyana komanso mafotokozedwe azinthu izi, kutengera momwe amagwiritsira ntchito. Ma cellulose ether a Dow amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomangamanga, chakudya, mankhwala, komanso chisamaliro chamunthu.

Ashland Inc. ndi wopanga winanso wamkulu wa ma cellulose ethers, kuphatikiza HEC, HPMC, ndi EC. Kampaniyo imapereka mitundu ingapo yamagiredi ndi mafotokozedwe azinthu izi, kutengera ntchito. Ma cellulose ether a Ashland amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomangamanga, chakudya, mankhwala, komanso chisamaliro chamunthu.

Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. ndi kampani yaku Japan yomwe imapanga ma cellulose ethers, kuphatikiza HEC, HPMC, ndi EC. Kampaniyo imapereka magiredi osiyanasiyana komanso mafotokozedwe azinthu izi, kutengera momwe amagwiritsira ntchito. Ma cellulose ether a Shin-Etsu amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomangamanga, chakudya, mankhwala, komanso chisamaliro chamunthu.

AkzoNobel NV ndi kampani yaku Dutch yomwe imapanga ma cellulose ethers, kuphatikiza HEC, HPMC, ndi MC. Kampaniyo imapereka mitundu ingapo yamagiredi ndi mafotokozedwe azinthu izi, kutengera ntchito. Ma cellulose ethers a AkzoNobel amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo zomangamanga, chakudya, mankhwala, ndi chisamaliro chaumwini.

Daicel Corporation ndi kampani yaku Japan yopanga mankhwala omwe amapanga ma cellulose ethers, kuphatikiza HPMC ndi MC. Kampaniyo imapereka magiredi osiyanasiyana komanso mafotokozedwe azinthu izi, kutengera momwe amagwiritsira ntchito. Ma cellulose ether a Daicel amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza zomangamanga, chakudya, mankhwala, komanso chisamaliro chamunthu.

Pomaliza:

Ma cellulose ethers ndi gulu lamagulu omwe amachokera ku cellulose ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Kapangidwe kake ka cellulose ethers kumaphatikizapo kulowetsa m'malo mwa magulu a hydroxyl pa unyolo wa cellulose ndi magulu ena ogwira ntchito, monga methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, ndi carboxymethyl. Pali opanga angapo akuluakulu opanga ma cellulose ethers, kuphatikiza Dow Chemical Company, Ashland Inc., Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., AkzoNobel NV, ndi Daicel Corporation. Makampaniwa amapereka magiredi osiyanasiyana ndi mafotokozedwe a ma cellulose ethers, kutengera ntchito.