Simenti ya aluminiyamu, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti high-alumina simenti (HAC), ndi mtundu wa simenti ya hydraulic yomwe imapangidwa kuchokera ku bauxite ndi miyala yamchere. Anapezeka koyamba ku France m'zaka za m'ma 1900 ndipo tsopano amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pomanga chifukwa cha katundu wake wapadera komanso ubwino wake kuposa mitundu ina ya simenti. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona momwe simenti ya aluminate imayambira, mawonekedwe ake, ubwino wake, ndi ntchito zake.

Origins Aluminate simenti idapezeka koyamba ku France koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1900 ndi injiniya waku France dzina lake Jules Bied. Anapeza kuti potenthetsa chisakanizo cha bauxite ndi miyala ya laimu pa kutentha kwakukulu, chimapangidwa cha simenti chomwe chinali champhamvu kwambiri ndi cholimba. Zinthuzi poyamba zimadziwika kuti "ciment fondu" kapena "simenti yosungunuka" m'Chifalansa, ndipo pambuyo pake zidadziwika kuti simenti ya alumina wapamwamba kwambiri.

Makhalidwe Simenti ya aluminate ili ndi mawonekedwe angapo apadera omwe amapanga kuti ikhale yosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya simenti. Makhalidwewa ndi awa:

1. Kukhazikitsa mwachangu: Simenti yowunitsa imakhazikika mwachangu, ndikuyika nthawi ya maola 4-5. Izi zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwa mapulogalamu omwe kufulumira kumafunika, monga nyengo yozizira kapena pakufunika kukonza mwachangu.
2. Kulimba koyambirira kwambiri: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imakhala ndi mphamvu zoyambilira, yokhala ndi mphamvu yopondereza pafupifupi 50-70 MPa patatha tsiku limodzi kuchiritsa. Izi zimapangitsa kukhala yabwino kwa ntchito kumene mphamvu oyambirira amafunikira, monga precast konkire kapena kukonza.
3. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa hydration: Simenti ya aluminate imapanga kutentha kwakukulu panthawi ya hydration, yomwe ingakhale yopindulitsa komanso yoipa. Kutentha kwakukulu kumeneku kwa hydration kumapangitsa kukhala koyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito nyengo yozizira, chifukwa kungathandize kufulumizitsa kuchiritsa. Komabe, zingayambitsenso kusweka ndi mitundu ina yowonongeka ngati sizikuyendetsedwa bwino.
4. Kutsika kwa mpweya wa carbon: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imakhala ndi mpweya wochepa kwambiri kuposa simenti ya Portland, chifukwa imafuna kutentha kochepa panthawi yopanga ndipo imakhala ndi clinker yochepa.

Ubwino Aluminate simenti imapereka maubwino angapo kuposa mitundu ina ya simenti, kuphatikiza:

1. Kukhazikitsa mwachangu: Aluminitsani simenti mwachangu, zomwe zingapulumutse nthawi ndikuchepetsa ndalama zomanga.
2. Mphamvu zoyamba kwambiri: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imakhala ndi mphamvu zoyambira kwambiri, zomwe zimatha kuchepetsa nthawi yofunikira kuchiritsa ndikuwonjezera zokolola.
3. High sulphate resistance: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imakhala ndi kukana kwakukulu kwa sulphate, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'madera omwe ali ndi sulphate yambiri, monga madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja.
4. Kutsika kochepa: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imakhala ndi chiwerengero chochepa cha shrinkage kusiyana ndi simenti yachikhalidwe ya Portland, yomwe ingachepetse chiopsezo cha kusweka ndi kuwonongeka kwina.

Simenti ya Aluminate imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza:

1. Konkire yoyika mwachangu: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pamafunika kuyika mwachangu, monga nyengo yozizira kapena kukonza mwachangu.
2. Konkire yokhazikika: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri popanga zinthu zopangira konkriti, monga mapaipi a konkire, masilabu, ndi mapanelo.
3. Simenti yosungunula: Simenti ya aluminiyamu nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga simenti yotchinga, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kulumikiza ng'anjo zotentha kwambiri, ng'anjo, ndi zida zina zamafakitale.
4. Ntchito Zapadera: Simenti ya aluminiyamu imagwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zapadera, monga kupanga konkriti yodziyimira payokha komanso ngati chomangira mumitundu ina yazinthu zamano.

Pomaliza Aluminate simenti ndi mtundu wapadera wa simenti womwe umapereka maubwino angapo kuposa simenti yachikhalidwe ku Portland. Ili ndi mawonekedwe otsika a carbon, imayika mofulumira, imakhala ndi mphamvu zoyamba kwambiri, ndipo imagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi sulfate. Simenti ya aluminiyamu imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza konkriti yokhazikika mwachangu, konkriti yokhazikika, simenti yowumitsa, ndi zida zapadera monga zida zamano. Ngakhale simenti ya aluminate ili ndi zabwino zambiri, ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti ilinso ndi zovuta zina zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa hydration kungayambitse kusweka ndi mitundu ina yowonongeka ngati sikuyendetsedwa bwino, komanso kungakhale kokwera mtengo kuposa simenti yachikhalidwe ya Portland. Komabe, maubwino ogwiritsira ntchito simenti ya aluminate nthawi zambiri amaposa mtengo wake, makamaka pazinthu zapadera zomwe zimakhala zofunikira.