01 Thickener mānoanoa: Ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopuehu ʻia i ka wai, hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka viscosity o ka wai a mālama i kahi pūhui polymer hydrophilic paʻa i ka ʻōnaehana. Loaʻa i ka molecular structure nā hui hydrophilic, e like me -0H, -NH2, -C00H, -COO, etc., hiki ke h ...
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