I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) iyi-ether engeyona ionic cellulose esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwakheni, ekubanjeni, e-petroleum, amakhemikhali ansuku zonke kanye neminye imikhakha. Inokuqina okuhle, ukumiswa, ukuhlakazeka, i-emulsification, ukwakheka kwefilimu, i-colloid evikelayo nezinye izakhiwo, futhi iwukuqina okubalulekile nokuqiniswa.
1. Ukulungiswa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa
Impahla eyinhloko ye-hydroxyethyl cellulose i-cellulose yemvelo. I-cellulose ivame ukukhishwa ngokhuni, ukotini noma ezinye izitshalo. Inqubo yokukhipha i-cellulose ilula, kodwa idinga ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo wokugcina. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, izindlela zamakhemikhali noma zemishini zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwelapha kusengaphambili i-cellulose, okuhlanganisa ukubola, ukungcola, ukugcoba kanye nezinye izinyathelo zokususa ukungcola kanye nezingxenye ezingezona i-cellulose.
2. Ukwelashwa kwe-alkalization
Ukwelashwa kwe-alkalization kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Injongo yalesi sinyathelo ukwenza kusebenze iqembu le-hydroxyl (-OH) kuchungechunge lwengqamuzana ye-cellulose ukuze kube lula ukusabela kwe-etherification okulandelayo. Isixazululo se-sodium hydroxide (NaOH) sivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-alkalizing agent. Inqubo ethize yilena: hlanganisa i-cellulose nesisombululo se-sodium hydroxide ukuze uvuvuke ngokugcwele futhi uhlakaze i-cellulose ngaphansi kwezimo ze-alkali. Ngalesi sikhathi, amaqembu e-hydroxyl kuma-molecule e-cellulose asebenza kakhulu, alungiselela ukusabela kwe-etherification okulandelayo.
3. Ukusabela kwe-Etherification
Ukusabela kwe-Etherification kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni i-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Le nqubo ingeyokwethula i-ethylene oxide (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-ethylene oxide) ku-cellulose ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-alkalinization, futhi isabelane namaqembu e-hydroxyl kuma-molecule e-cellulose ukukhiqiza i-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ukusabela kuvame ukwenziwa ku-reactor evaliwe, izinga lokushisa lokusabela ngokuvamile lilawulwa ku-50-100 ° C, futhi isikhathi sokusabela sisuka emahoreni ambalwa kuya emahoreni angaphezu kwayishumi. Umkhiqizo wokugcina wokusabela ingxenye ye-hydroxyethylated cellulose ether.
4. Ukungathathi hlangothi nokugeza
Ngemva kokuqedwa kokusabela kwe-etherification, ama-reactants ngokuvamile aqukethe inani elikhulu le-alkali engaphenduliwe kanye nemikhiqizo. Ukuze uthole umkhiqizo ohlanzekile we-hydroxyethyl cellulose, ukwelashwa kwe-neutralization nokugeza kufanele kwenziwe. Ngokuvamile, i-asidi ehlanjululwe (njenge-dilute hydrochloric acid) isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa i-alkali esele ekuphenduleni, bese izinto ezisabelayo zigezwa ngokuphindaphindiwe ngamanzi amaningi ukuze kukhishwe ukungcola okuncibilika emanzini kanye nemikhiqizo. I-cellulose ye-hydroxyethyl egeziwe ikhona ngesimo sekhekhe lesihlungi esimanzi.
5. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye Nokomisa
Ikhekhe elimanzi ngemva kokugeza linomthamo wamanzi amaningi futhi lidinga ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni futhi lomiswe ukuze lithole umkhiqizo oyimpuphu we-hydroxyethyl cellulose. Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kuvame ukwenziwa ngokuhlunga kwe-vacuum noma ukuhlukaniswa kwe-centrifugal ukuze kukhishwe amanzi amaningi. Ngokulandelayo, ikhekhe elimanzi lithunyelwa emishinini yokomisa ukuze yomiswe. Imishini evamile yokomisa ihlanganisa okomisa imigqomo, okomisa ama-flash kanye nokomisa izifutho. Izinga lokushisa lokumisa livamise ukulawulwa ku-60-120 ℃ ukuze kuvinjwe izinga lokushisa elidlulele ekubangeleni ukuwohloka komkhiqizo noma ukuwohloka kokusebenza.
6. Ukugaya kanye Ukuhlola
I-hydroxyethyl cellulose eyomile ngokuvamile iyibhulokhi elikhulu noma i-granular material. Ukuze kube lula ukusetshenziswa nokuthuthukisa ukuhlakazeka komkhiqizo, udinga ukugaywa futhi uhlolwe. Ukugaya ngokuvamile kusebenzisa umshini wokugaya ukuze kugaywe amabhlogo amakhulu ezinto zibe yimpushana. Ukuhlola kuwukwehlukanisa izinhlayiya ezimahhadla ezingafinyeleli usayizi wezinhlayiyana ezidingekayo kumpushana ocolekile ngokusebenzisa izikrini ezinezikhala ezihlukene ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucoleka okufanayo komkhiqizo wokugcina.
7. Ukupakishwa Komkhiqizo kanye Nesitoreji
Umkhiqizo we-hydroxyethyl cellulose ngemva kokugaya nokuhlolwa unoketshezi oluthile kanye nokuhlakazeka, okulungele ukusetshenziswa okuqondile noma ukuqhubeka nokucubungula. Umkhiqizo wokugcina udinga ukupakishwa futhi ugcinwe ukuvimbela umswakama, ukungcola noma i-oxidation ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa. Izinto zokupakisha ezivikela umswakama kanye ne-anti-oxidation njengezikhwama ze-aluminium foil noma izikhwama eziyinhlanganisela yezendlalelo eziningi zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukupakisha. Ngemuva kokupakishwa, umkhiqizo kufanele ugcinwe endaweni epholile neyomile, ugweme ilanga eliqondile kanye nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu kanye nezimo eziphezulu zomswakama ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza kwawo okuzinzile.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-hydroxyethyl cellulose ikakhulukazi ihlanganisa ukulungiswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe, ukwelashwa kwe-alkalization, ukusabela kwe-etherification, i-neutralization kanye nokugeza, ukuphelelwa amandla kwamanzi nokomisa, ukugaya nokuhlola, kanye nokugcinwa komkhiqizo wokugcina. Isinyathelo ngasinye sinezidingo zaso ezikhethekile zenqubo kanye namaphuzu okulawula. Izimo zokusabela kanye nokucaciswa kokusebenza kudinga ukulawulwa ngokuqinile phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuqinisekiswe ikhwalithi nokusebenza okuzinzile komkhiqizo. Le nto ye-polymer esebenzayo inezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo ekukhiqizweni kwezimboni kanye nempilo yansuku zonke, ekhombisa ukubaluleka kwayo okungenakushintshwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-21-2024