Embonini yokumba, udaka oluhlukahlukene (noma ukumba uketshezi) yizinto ezibalulekile zokuqinisekisa inqubekela phambili ebushelelezi yenqubo yokumba. Ikakhulu ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ze-geological, ukukhethwa kanye nokulungiswa kodaka okumba khona kunomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni kahle, ukuphepha kanye nokulawulwa kwezindleko kokusebenza kokumba. umthelela oqondile.I-Hydroxyyethyl cellulose (HEC)kuyinto etholwa yiselula etholakala edlala indima ebalulekile njengesengezo kudaka oludonsa. Inokuqina okuhle, i-Rheology, izakhiwo zokulwa nokungcoliswa kanye nokuphepha okuphezulu kwemvelo, kusetshenziswa kabanzi ekuvutheni kwezinhlelo ze-fluid.
1. Izici kanye nokwakheka kwamakhemikhali kwe-HEC
I-HEC iyinhlangano ye-polymer yemvelo engenabungozi futhi engenabungozi futhi engenangozi. I-cellulose eguqulwe ngamakhemikhali yethula amaqembu ama-hydroxyethyl ehlelweni lwayo lamangqamuzana, ngaleyo ndlela akha umphumela oqinile wokuqina kanye ne-solubity yamanzi. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-HEC ku-dripling fluids ikakhulukazi kuncike emaqenjini ama-hydrophilic (hydroxyl kanye ne-hydroxyethyls) kumaketanga amangqamuzana alo. Lawa maqembu angakha inethiwekhi enhle ye-hydrogen bonding kusisombululo esinamanzi, enikeza isixazululo sokubonana - ukwanda kwezakhiwo. .
2. Indima eyinhloko ye-HEC ku-Dring Mud
Umphumela Wokuqina Wokuqina
Eminye yemisebenzi ebaluleke kakhulu ye-HEC ekuvutheni uketshezi injengesikhulu. Izici eziphakeme ze-viscosity ze-HEC zingakhulisa kakhulu ukubonwa koketshezi lokumba, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uketshezi olunamandla lokuxhasa amandla okusiza ukuthwala ukusikwa kanye nezinengiso zesihlabathi kanye nemfucumfucu yokushayela yezokuhamba kusuka phansi komthombo. Ukukhulisa ukubonakala koketshezi lokumba futhi kusiza ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana odongeni olungaphakathi lweshubhu lokumba, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokumba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izakhiwo eziqinile zikaHek kanye nokubonakala okuzinzile zikunike amandla ukuze ifinyelele imiphumela efanelekile yokuqina ekugxileni okuphansi, ukunciphisa izindleko zokumba.
Indima yomenzeli wokulawula ukulahla uketshezi
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba, ukulawula ukulahlekelwa koketshezi koketshezi lokumba kucatshangelwa okubalulekile. Ukulawulwa kokulahlekelwa kokulahleka kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ukuqina kodonga kahle ukuvikela ukungena ngokweqile kwamanzi odaka ekwakhekeni, okubangela ukuwa kwemali noma ukumbumbuluzwa kodonga kahle. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezinhle ze-hydration, i-HEC ingakha ungqimba oluminyene lwekhekhe lokuhlunga odongeni olunzulu, kunciphisa izinga lokungena kwamanzi odongeni, ngaleyo ndlela elawula ngokulahleka kodaka ngodaka. Leli khekhe lokuhlunga aligcini nje ngokuba nobunzima obuhle namandla, kepha futhi lingazivumelanisa nezingqimba ezahlukahlukene zezwe, ngaleyo ndlela lilondoloze ukuqina kodonga kahle emithonjeni ejulile nasezindaweni eziphakeme zokushisa.
Ama-Rheological Agents kanye nokulawula ukuphuma
I-HEC nayo idlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni uketshezi ku-Drilling Mud. I-Rheology yokushayela uketshezi isho amandla ayo noma amandla ayo okugeleza ngaphansi kwesenzo sokuxineka kwe-shear. I-Rheology engcono, okungcono kakhulu uketshezi oludonsa khona lapho kudluliswa ingcindezi kanye nokuphatha ukusikwa ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba. I-HEC ingalungisa izakhiwo zesimbozo soketshezi ngokushintsha i-viscosity yayo noshukela, ngaleyo ndlela ngenze ngcono umthelela we-vear dilerution odabukayo, uvumele udaka ukuba lugeleze kahle kwipayipi le-drill kanye nokwenza ngcono ukufukula kodaka. Ikakhulu kwinqubo yokumba imithombo ejulile nemithombo evundlile, umphumela wokulungiswa kwe-hec ubaluleke kakhulu.
Ukuhlanza kahle kwe-Wellbore
Umphumela wokuqina we-HEC akanawo kuphela onomthelela ekubizeni kwekhono lodaka lokuthwala futhi amise ukusikwa kwe-dring, kodwa futhi asiza ukuthuthukisa ukuhlanzeka komthombo. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba, kuzokhiqizwa inani elikhulu lama-cuttaings emthonjeni. Uma lokhu kusika kungaze kwenziwe ngempumelelo odakeni, zinganqwabelana ezansi komthombo futhi zikhanye ama-sediments aphansi, ngaleyo ndlela zandisa ukumelana nokudla okubi futhi zithinta inqubekela phambili yokumba. Ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo zokuqina ezisebenzayo, i-HEC ingasiza udaka okwesikhashana nokusikisela kokuhamba ngempumelelo, ngaleyo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanzeka komthombo nokuvimbela ukunqwabelana kwama-seddiments.
I-Anti-Polloution Effect
Ngesikhathi senqubo yokumba, udaka luvame ukungcoliswa amaminerali nokwakheka okuhlukile, okwenza ukwehluleka kodaka. Izakhiwo zikaHec zokungcola zikaHec zingenye inzuzo enkulu. I-HEC iqinile ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene ze-PH futhi inekhono elinamandla lokulwa nokuphazamiseka kuma-Ion ahlukahlukene anjenge-calcium ne-magnesium, elikuvumela ukuthi lilondoloze ubungozi obuqukethe amaminerali,
Imvelo inobungane futhi i-biodegradable
SelokhuI-HECIngabe impahla ye-polymer yemvelo yemvelo, ine-biodegradeality enhle kanye nobungane bezemvelo. Ngokwesimo sokukhulisa kancane kancane izidingo zokuvikelwa kwemvelo, izici ze-biodegradatic ze-HEC zikwenza kube yingxenye ebalulekile yemvelo yokumba uketshezi olunobungane bemvelo. I-HEC ngeke ibangele ukungcoliswa okuphambili emvelweni ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, futhi ngeke ibe nemiphumela emibi emhlabathini nangamanzi angaphansi komhlaba ngemuva kokonakaliswa. Ngakho-ke, kuyisengezo esiphakeme kakhulu semvelo.
3. Izinselelo kanye nokuthuthuka okuzayo kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-HEC
Yize i-HEC inezinzuzo ezahlukene ku-Drilling Mud, ukusebenza kwayo ngaphansi kwezimo zokumba ngokweqile ezinjengokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela kudinga ukwenziwa ngcono. Isibonelo, i-HEC ingahle ihlazeke kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okwenza udaka lulahlekelwe yi-viscosity kanye nemiphumela yokuqina. Ngakho-ke, ukuze usebenze ezindaweni eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ezedlulele zokumba, ukucwaninga eminyakeni yamuva sekuqalile ukugxila ekuguquleni i-HEC ukuthuthukisa ukuqina kwayo okushisa okuphezulu kanye nokuphikiswa kwengcindezi ephezulu. Isibonelo, ngethula ama-ejenti axhumanisa ama-cross-active, amaqembu okumelana okushisa kanye nezindlela zokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali ku-hec molecular chain, ukusebenza kwe-HEC ngaphansi kwezimo ezingejwayelekile kungathuthukiswa futhi kuvumelaniswe nezidingo zezindawo ezifunwa kakhulu geological.
Njengengxenye ebalulekile yodaka yokumba, i-HEC idlala indima ebalulekile kubunjiniyela bokumba ngenxa yokuqina kwayo, anti-filtration, ukungcoliswa kwe-bhe, ukungcoliswa kwemvelo kanye nezakhiwo zobungani bezemvelo. Ngokuzayo, njengokujula kokujula nokukhuphuka kwezinxabunzima, izidingo zokusebenza kwe-HEC nazo zizokwanda. Ngokwenza kahle futhi ukuguqula i-HEC, ukukala kwayo kohlelo lokusebenza ku-dripling fluids kuzokwandiswa futhi ukufeza izidingo zezindawo eziqinile zokumba. .
Isikhathi sePosi: Nov-14-2024