Ingabe i-polyanionic cellulose i-polymer

I-Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) iyi-polymer, ikakhulukazi ephuma ku-cellulose. Le nhlanganisela ethokozisayo ithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi kuzo zonke izimboni ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yezakhiwo zayo ezihlukile nokusebenza kwayo.

Isakhiwo sePolyanionic Cellulose:

I-Polyanionic cellulose itholakala ku-cellulose, okungenye yama-polymers emvelo amaningi kakhulu eMhlabeni. I-Cellulose iyi-polysaccharide eqondile eyakhiwe amayunithi aphindaphindayo eglucose axhunywe ndawonye ngamabhondi e-β(1→4) e-glycosidic. Yakha ingxenye eyinhloko yesakhiwo sezindonga zamaseli ezitshalo. I-Polyanionic cellulose i-cellulose eshintshiwe, lapho amanye amaqembu e-hydroxyl amaketango e-cellulose eshintshwa ngamaqembu e-anionic. Lawa maqembu e-anionic ngokuvamile ahlanganisa i-carboxylate (-COO⁻), i-sulfonate (-SO₃⁻), noma amaqembu e-phosphate (-PO₄⁻). Ukwethulwa kwala maqembu e-anionic kunikeza ukuncibilika kwamanzi nezinye izinto ezihlukahlukene ezifiselekayo ku-polymer.

Ukwakhiwa kwe-Polyanionic Cellulose:

I-Polyanionic cellulose ivame ukuhlanganiswa ngokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali ku-cellulose. Indlela eyodwa evamile ihilela ukusabela nge-cellulose ngenhlanganisela ye-anhydride ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ukuze kufakwe amaqembu e-anionic kumgogodla we-cellulose. Izimo zokusabela kanye nohlobo lwe-anhydride esetshenzisiwe lunquma izinga lokushintsha (DS) lamaqembu e-anionic kuketango le-cellulose. Amanani aphezulu e-DS aphumela ekuncibilikeni okukhulu kwamanzi kanye nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.

Izici ze-Polyanionic Cellulose:

I-Polyanionic cellulose ikhombisa izakhiwo ezimbalwa ezihlukile eziyenza ifanelekele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza:

Ukunyibilika Kwamanzi: Ukwethulwa kwamaqembu e-anionic kunikeza ukuncibilika kwamanzi ku-polyanionic cellulose, okukuvumela ukuthi akhe izixazululo ezizinzile noma ukuhlakazeka emanzini. Lesi sakhiwo siwusizo ikakhulukazi ekusetshenzisweni lapho izinhlelo ezisekelwe emanzini zikhethwa khona.

Ukuguqulwa Kokuqina Nokuqina Kwegazi: I-Polyanionic cellulose isetshenziswa kabanzi njenge-ejenti ejiyayo kanye nesishintshi se-rheology ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukudla, imithi, kanye nemikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu. Inikeza i-viscosity futhi ithuthukise ukuzinza nokuthungwa kokwakheka.

I-Flocculation and Fluid Loss Control: Ezimbonini ezifana nokumba uwoyela, i-polyanionic cellulose isetshenziselwa ikhono layo lokuntanta izinto eziqinile ezimisiwe nokulawula ukulahlekelwa uketshezi. Isiza ukugcina ukuqina kwe-wellbore futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokumba.

Ukuhambisana: I-Polyanionic cellulose ihambisana nohlu olubanzi lwamanye amakhemikhali nezithasiselo, okuyenza ibe nezinto ezihlukahlukene ekwakhekeni kwezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukene. Ingafakwa kalula kumasistimu ahlukahlukene ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga zokuhambisana.

I-Biodegradability: Naphezu kokuguqulwa kwayo kokwenziwa, i-polyanionic cellulose igcina i-biodegradability yemvelo ye-cellulose. Lesi sici sibalulekile ekwehliseni umthelela kwezemvelo, ikakhulukazi ezinhlelweni lapho ukulahlwa kuyinkinga khona.

Ukusetshenziswa kwe-Polyanionic Cellulose:

I-Polyanionic cellulose ithola izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene kuzo zonke izimboni eziningi:

Imboni Kawoyela Negesi: Emkhakheni kawoyela negesi, i-PAC ivamise ukusetshenziswa njengesithasiselo se-viscosifier kanye nesengezo sokulawula ukulahlekelwa uketshezi kuketshezi lokumba. Isiza ukugcina ukuzinza kwe-wellbore, ithuthukisa ukuhlanzwa kwemigodi, futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokumba.

Imboni Yokudla: Embonini yokudla, i-PAC isebenza njenge-ejenti ejiyayo, i-stabilizer, kanye ne-texturizer emikhiqizweni eyahlukene njengamasoso, okokugqoka, imikhiqizo yobisi, nama-dessert. Ithuthukisa ukuzwakala komlomo, ithuthukisa ukuzinza, futhi ivimbele i-syneresis ekwakhiweni kokudla.

Ezemithi: I-Polyanionic cellulose isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwemithi njenge-binder, disintegrant, kanye ne-ejenti yokukhululwa elawulwayo kumaphilisi namaphilisi. Isiza ekuhlanganisweni kwethebhulethi, iqinisekisa ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa ezifanayo, futhi ithuthukise ukuthobela kwesiguli.

Imikhiqizo Yokunakekelwa Komuntu Siqu: Emikhiqizweni yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu, i-PAC isetshenziswa njenge-thickener, i-ejenti emisa okwesikhashana, kanye ne-emulsion stabilizer emikhiqizweni efana nama-shampoos, ama-lotions, nama-creams. Ithuthukisa i-viscosity yomkhiqizo, ithuthukise ukuthungwa, futhi ivimbele ukuhlukaniswa kwesigaba.

Izinto Zokwakha: I-PAC isetshenziswa embonini yezokwakha njenge-ejenti yokugcina amanzi, i-thickener, ne-rheology modifier ekwakhiweni okusekelwe kusimende njengodaka, ama-grouts, nokhonkolo. Ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle, inciphisa ukulahleka kwamanzi, futhi ithuthukise ukunamathela kuma-substrates.

Umthelela Wezemvelo Nokusimama:

Nakuba i-polyanionic cellulose inikeza izinzuzo ezihlukahlukene mayelana nokusebenza nokusebenza, umthelela wayo wemvelo nawo kufanele ucatshangelwe. Njengokuphuma ku-cellulose, i-PAC igcina i-biodegradability ye-polymer engumzali wayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphansi kwezimo ezifanele, i-polyanionic cellulose ingahlukaniswa ngama-microorganisms ibe yimikhiqizo engenabungozi, okunomthelela ekusimameni kwemvelo.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, imvelo evuselelekayo ye-cellulose njengempahla yokusetshenziswa ye-PAC synthesis inikeza izinzuzo mayelana nokutholakala kwensiza kanye nokuncika kokuncika kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi. Imizamo iyaqhubeka yokuthuthukisa inqubo yokuhlanganiswa kanye nokuthuthukisa ukubola kwe-polyanionic cellulose okuphuma kokunye ukuze kuncishiswe indawo yazo ezungezile.

i-polyanionic cellulose iyi-polymer esebenza ngezindlela eziningi etholakala ku-cellulose, enikeza inhlobonhlobo yezinhlelo zokusebenza kuzo zonke izimboni ezihlukahlukene. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, ezihlanganisa ukuncibilika kwamanzi, ikhono lokujiya, ukuhambisana, kanye nokubola kwe-biodegradability, kuyenza ibe isithako esiyigugu ekwakhekeni okuningi. Nakuba kuhlinzeka ngezinzuzo eziphawulekayo zokusebenza, imizamo iyaqhubeka yokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-polyanionic cellulose kanye nokuphuma kwayo kuyakhiqizwa futhi kusetshenziswe ngendlela ehambisana nemvelo, ngaleyo ndlela kulinganisa izidingo zezimboni nezinjongo zokusimama.