Focus on Cellulose ethers

I-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose HPMC Properties

IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose HPMC wuhlobo lwe-non-ionic cellulose exubile ether. Ihlukile ku-ionic methyl carboxymethyl cellulose ether exubile, ayisebenzi nezinsimbi ezisindayo. Ngenxa yezilinganiso ezihlukene zokuqukethwe kwe-methoxyl nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl ku-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kanye nama-viscosities ahlukene, kunezinhlobo eziningi ezinezakhiwo ezihlukene, isibonelo, okuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-methoxyl nokuqukethwe kwe-hydroxypropyl ephansi Ukusebenza kwayo kuseduze nalokho kwe-methyl cellulose, kuyilapho ukusebenza kwe okuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-methoxy nokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-hydroxypropyl kusondele kulokho kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose. Kodwa-ke, ezinhlobonhlobo ngayinye, nakuba inani elincane kuphela leqembu le-hydroxypropyl noma inani elincane leqembu le-methoxyl liqukethwe, ukuncibilika kwezinyibilikitsi eziphilayo noma izinga lokushisa le-flocculation kusisombululo samanzi kuhluke kakhulu.
 
1. Ukuncibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
①Ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose emanzini I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose empeleni iwuhlobo lwe-methylcellulose elungiswe yi-propylene oxide (methoxypropylene), ngakho-ke isenezinto ezifanayo ne-methyl cellulose Cellulose inezici ezifanayo zokuncibilika kwamanzi abandayo nokungancibiliki kwamanzi ashisayo. Nokho, ngenxa yeqembu le-hydroxypropyl eliguquliwe, izinga lokushisa layo le-gelation emanzini ashisayo liphakeme kakhulu kunalelo le-methyl cellulose. Isibonelo, i-viscosity ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose aqueous solution ene-2% methoxy content substitution degree DS=0.73 kanye ne-hydroxypropyl content MS=0.46 iwumkhiqizo ka-500 mpa?s ku-20°C, futhi izinga lokushisa lejeli layo Ingafinyelela eduze kuka-100° C, kuyilapho i-methyl cellulose ezingeni lokushisa elifanayo icishe ibe ngu-55°C. Mayelana nokuhlakazwa kwayo emanzini, nayo ithuthukiswe kakhulu. Isibonelo, i-pulverized hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (umkhiqizo onosayizi wezinhlayiyana ezingu-0.2~0.5mm kanye ne-viscosity ye-aqueous engu-4% engu-2pa?s ngo-20°C angathengwa Ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa, inyibilika kalula emanzini ngaphandle kokupholisa. .
 
②Ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kuzincibilikisi zemvelo Ukuncibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose kuzinyibilikisi zemvelo nakho kungcono kunaleyo ye-methylcellulose. Ngemikhiqizo engaphezu kuka-2.1,i-high-viscosity hydroxypropyl methylcelluloseequkethe i-hydroxypropyl MS=1.5~1.8 kanye ne-methoxy DS=0.2~1.0, enenani eliphelele lokushintsha ngaphezu kuka-1.8, inyibilika ku-anhydrous methanol nezixazululo ze-ethanol Medium, kanye ne-thermoplastic ne-soluble emanzini. Iphinde inyibilike kuma-hydrocarbons ane-chlorine njenge-methylene chloride ne-chloroform, nezinyibilikisi eziphilayo njenge-acetone, isopropanol ne-diacetone alcohol. Ukuncibilika kwayo ezincibilikisini eziphilayo kungcono kunokuncibilika emanzini.
 
2. Izinto ezithinta i-viscosity ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Izinto Ezithonya I-Viscosity ye-Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose Ukunqunywa kwe-viscosity okujwayelekile kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose kuyefana nalokho kwamanye ama-cellulose ether. Ikalwa ku-20°C ngesisombululo esinamanzi esingu-2% njengesijwayelekile. I-viscosity yomkhiqizo ofanayo iyanda ngokukhula kokugxila. Ngemikhiqizo enesisindo samangqamuzana ahlukene ekugxilweni okufanayo, umkhiqizo onesisindo esikhulu samangqamuzana une-viscosity ephakeme. Ubudlelwano bayo nezinga lokushisa bufana nobe-methyl cellulose. Lapho izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, i-viscosity iqala ukwehla, kodwa lapho ifinyelela izinga lokushisa elithile, i-viscosity iphakama ngokuzumayo futhi i-gelation ivela. Izinga lokushisa lejeli lemikhiqizo ye-viscosity ephansi liphezulu. iphezulu. Iphuzu layo lejeli alihlobene kuphela ne-viscosity ye-ether, kodwa futhi lihlobene nesilinganiso sokubunjwa kweqembu le-methoxyl neqembu le-hydroxypropyl ku-ether kanye nobukhulu bezinga eliphelele lokushintsha. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose nayo iyi-pseudoplastic, futhi isisombululo sayo sizinzile ekamelweni lokushisa ngaphandle kokuwohloka kwe-viscosity ngaphandle kokuthi kungenzeka ukuwohloka kwe-enzymatic.
 
3. I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imelana ne-asidi ne-alkali
I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acid kanye nokumelana ne-alkali I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngokuvamile izinzile kuma-acids nama-alkali, futhi ayithinteki ebangeni le-pH 2~12. Ingakwazi ukumelana nenani elithile le-asidi ekhanyayo, njenge-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-citric acid, i-succinic acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-boric acid, njll. Kodwa i-asidi egxilile inomphumela wokunciphisa i-viscosity. Ama-alkali afana ne-caustic soda, i-caustic potash kanye namanzi e-lime awanawo umthelela kuwo, kodwa angakhuphula kancane i-viscosity yesisombululo, bese enciphisa kancane kancane.
 
4. Ukungahleleki kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Ingxubevange yesisombululo se-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingaxutshwa nezinhlanganisela ze-polymer ezincibilika emanzini ukuze zibe isixazululo esifana nesesisobala esine-viscosity ephezulu. Lezi zinhlanganisela ze-polymer zihlanganisa i-polyethylene glycol, i-polyvinyl acetate, i-polysilicone, i-polymethylvinylsiloxane, i-hydroxyethyl cellulose, ne-methyl cellulose. Izinhlanganisela zemvelo zamangqamuzana aphezulu njenge-gum arabic, i-cust bean gum, i-karaya gum, njll. nazo zinokuhambisana okuhle nesixazululo sayo. IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingabuye ixutshwe ne-mannitol ester noma i-sorbitol ester ye-stearic acid noma i-palmitic acid, futhi ingaxutshwa ne-glycerin, i-sorbitol ne-mannitol, futhi lezi zinhlanganisela zingasetshenziswa njenge-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Plasticizer ye-cellulose.
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5. I-Insolubilization kanye nokuncibilika kwamanzi kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Ama-ether e-cellulose e-cellulose angancibiliki emanzini e-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose angaxhunyaniswa ne-aldehyde phezulu, ukuze lawa ma-ether ancibilikayo ancibilike esixazululweni futhi angancibiliki emanzini. I-aldehyde eyenza i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ingancibiliki ihlanganisa i-formaldehyde, i-glyoxal, i-succinic aldehyde, i-adipaldehyde, njll. i-ejenti ekukhiqizeni izimboni. Inani lalolu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokuxhumanisa esixazululweni ngu-0.2% ~ 10% wesisindo se-ether, okungcono kakhulu u-7% ~ 10%, isibonelo, i-3.3% ~ 6% ye-glyoxal iyona efaneleka kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa elijwayelekile lokwelashwa ngu-0~30℃, futhi isikhathi ngu-1~120min. Ukusabela kokuxhumanisa kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kwezimo ze-acidic. Ngokuvamile, isixazululo siqala sengezwe nge-asidi eqinile ye-inorganic noma i-organic carboxylic acid ukuze kulungiswe i-pH yesisombululo ibe cishe ku-2~6, okungcono kakhulu phakathi kuka-4~6, bese wengeza ama-aldehyde ukuze kwenziwe ukusabela okuxhumanisa . I-asidi esetshenzisiwe ine-hydrochloric acid, i-sulfuric acid, i-phosphoric acid, i-formic acid, i-acetic acid, i-hydroxyacetic acid, i-succinic acid noma i-citric acid njll., lapho nge-formic acid noma i-acetic acid inconywa, futhi i-formic acid ilungile. I-asidi ne-aldehyde nazo zingangezwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ukuvumela isisombululo ukuthi sibhekane nokusabela okuxhumanisa phakathi kwebanga le-pH elifunekayo. Lokhu kusabela kuvame ukusetshenziswa enqubweni yokugcina yokwelapha ohlelweni lokulungiselela ama-cellulose ethers. Ngemuva kokuthi i-cellulose ether ingancibiliki, kulula ukuyigeza futhi ihlanzwe ngamanzi ku-20~25°C. Lapho umkhiqizo usetshenziswa, izinto ezine-alkali zingafakwa esixazululweni somkhiqizo ukuze kulungiswe i-pH yesisombululo ukuze ibe yi-alkaline, futhi umkhiqizo uzoncibilika esixazululweni ngokushesha. Le ndlela iphinde isebenze ekwelapheni ifilimu ngemuva kokuthi isisombululo se-cellulose ether senziwe ifilimu ukuze senze ifilimu engancibiliki.
 
6. Ukumelana ne-enzyme ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Ukuphikiswa kwe-enzyme ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ngokwengqondo kungukuphuma kwe-cellulose, njengeqembu ngalinye le-anhydroglucose, uma kuneqembu elibambele elibophene ngokuqinile, akulula ukungenwa ama-microorganisms, kodwa empeleni umkhiqizo oqediwe Lapho inani lokufaka esikhundleni lidlula u-1, izophinde incishwe ama-enzyme, okusho ukuthi izinga lokushintsha kweqembu ngalinye ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose alifani ngokwanele, futhi ama-microorganisms angaguguleka eqenjini elingashintshiwe le-anhydroglucose ukuze enze ushukela, njengezakhi zofuzo ukuze ama-microorganisms amunce. Ngakho-ke, uma izinga lokushintshwa kwe-etherification ye-cellulose likhuphuka, ukumelana nokuguguleka kwe-enzymatic ye-cellulose ether nakho kuzokhula. Ngokwemibiko, ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo, imiphumela ye-hydrolysis yama-enzyme, i-viscosity esele ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (DS=1.9) ingu-13.2%, i-methylcellulose (DS=1.83) ingu-7.3%, i-methylcellulose (DS=1.66) ingu-3.8%, futhi i-hydroxyethyl cellulose ingu-1.7%. Kungabonakala ukuthi i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inekhono eliqinile lokulwa nama-enzyme. Ngakho-ke, ukumelana okuhle kakhulu kwe-enzyme ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, kuhlangene nokuhlakazeka kwayo okuhle, ukuqina kanye nezakhiwo zefilimu, kusetshenziselwa ukugqoka i-emulsion yamanzi, njll, futhi ngokuvamile akudingi ukwengeza ama-preservatives. Kodwa-ke, ukuze kugcinwe isikhathi eside isisombululo noma ukungcoliswa okungenzeka okuvela ngaphandle, ama-preservatives angangezwa njengendlela yokuzivikela, futhi ukukhetha kunganqunywa ngokuvumelana nezidingo zokugcina zesisombululo. I-Phenylmercuric acetate kanye ne-manganese fluorosilicate yizilondolozi ezisebenzayo, kodwa zonke zinobuthi, kufanele kuqashelwe ukusebenza. Ngokuvamile, i-1 ~ 5mg ye-phenylmercury acetate ingangezwa kwisixazululo ilitha ngalinye lomthamo.
 
7. Ukusebenza kwe-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose membrane
Ukusebenza kwefilimu ye-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose I-Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose inezici ezinhle kakhulu zokwenza ifilimu. Isixazululo saso esinamanzi noma i-organic solvent solution simbozwa epuleti lengilazi, futhi singabi nambala futhi sibe sobala ngemva kokumiswa. Futhi ifilimu enzima. Inokumelana okuhle nomswakama futhi ihlala iqinile emazingeni okushisa aphezulu. Uma i-plasticizer ye-hygroscopic yengezwa, ubude bayo kanye nokuguquguquka kwayo kungathuthukiswa. Mayelana nokuthuthukisa ukuguquguquka, ama-plasticizers afana ne-glycerin ne-sorbitol yiwona afaneleka kakhulu. Ngokuvamile, ukugxilwa kwesixazululo ngu-2% ~ 3%, kanti inani le-plasticizer liyi-10% ~ 20% ye-cellulose ether. Uma okuqukethwe kwe-plasticizer kuphezulu kakhulu, i-colloidal dehydration shrinkage izokwenzeka kumswakama ophezulu. Amandla aqinile wefilimu engezwe nge-plasticizer makhulu kakhulu kunalokho ngaphandle kokwengeza, futhi ayanda ngokunyuka kwenani elingeziwe, futhi i-hygroscopicity yefilimu nayo iyanda ngokunyuka kwenani le-plasticizer.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-19-2022
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