Ukukhiqiza ama-ether e-cellulose ahlanzekile kuhilela izinyathelo ezimbalwa, kusukela ekukhishweni kwe-cellulose ezintweni zezitshalo kuya kunqubo yokuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali.
Ukuthola I-Cellulose: I-Cellulose, i-polysaccharide etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo, isebenza njengempahla eluhlaza yama-cellulose ethers. Imithombo evamile ihlanganisa i-wood pulp, ukotini, nezinye izitshalo ezine-fibrous ezifana nejute noma i-hemp.
I-Pulping: I-Pulping iyinqubo yokuhlukanisa imicu ye-cellulose kusuka esitshalweni. Lokhu ngokuvamile kufezwa ngezindlela zemishini noma zamakhemikhali. I-pulping yemishini ihlanganisa ukugaya noma ukucwengisisa okokusebenza ukuze kuhlukanise imicu, kuyilapho ukudonsa ngamakhemikhali, njengenqubo ye-kraft, kusebenzisa amakhemikhali afana ne-sodium hydroxide ne-sodium sulfide ukuze kuncibilike i-lignin ne-hemicellulose, kushiye i-cellulose ngemuva.
Ukuhlanza (Ngokuzithandela): Uma kufunwa ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, i-pulp ye-cellulose ingase ibhekane nenqubo yokuhlanza ukuze kukhishwe noma iyiphi i-lignin esele, i-hemicellulose, nokunye ukungcola. I-Chlorine dioxide, i-hydrogen peroxide, noma umoya-mpilo yizinto ezivamile zokuthambisa ezisetshenziswa kulesi sinyathelo.
Ukuqalisa: Ama-cellulose ether ngokuvamile alungiswa ngokuphendula i-cellulose nama-alkali metal hydroxides ukuze akhe i-alkali cellulose emaphakathi. Lesi sinyathelo sihilela ukuvuvukala imicu ye-cellulose exazululweni le-sodium hydroxide noma i-potassium hydroxide ezingeni lokushisa eliphakeme. Lesi sinyathelo sokwenza kusebenze senza i-cellulose isebenze kakhulu ekufinyeleleni i-etherification.
I-Etherification: I-Etherification isinyathelo esibalulekile ekukhiqizeni ama-cellulose ethers. Kubandakanya ukwethula amaqembu e-ether (afana ne-methyl, ethyl, hydroxyethyl, noma amaqembu e-hydroxypropyl) kumgogodla we-cellulose. Lokhu kusabela ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokuphatha i-alkali cellulose ngama-etherifying agents afana ne-alkyl halides (isb, i-methyl chloride ye-methyl cellulose), i-alkylene oxides (isb., i-ethylene oxide ye-hydroxyethyl cellulose), noma i-alkyl halohydrin (isb, i-propylene oxide ye-hydroxypropyl cellulose. ) ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo zezinga lokushisa, ingcindezi, ne-pH.
I-Neutralization kanye Nokugeza: Ngemva kokufakwa kwe-etherification, ingxube yokusabela iyancipha ukuze isuse i-alkali eyengeziwe. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa ngokungeza i-asidi, efana ne-hydrochloric acid noma i-sulfuric acid, ukuze kuncishiswe i-alkali futhi kuncishiswe i-cellulose ether. Umkhiqizo owumphumela ube usugezwa ngamanzi ukuze kukhishwe noma imaphi amakhemikhali ayinsalela kanye nemikhiqizo.
Ukomisa: Umkhiqizo we-cellulose ether ogeziwe uyawomiswa ukuze kususwe umswakama owedlulele futhi uthole ifomu lokugcina eliyimpuphu noma eliyimbudumbudu. Lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa amasu anjengokomisa komoya, ukomisa nge-vacuum, noma ukomisa isifutho.
Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi: Izinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi zibalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubumsulwa, ukungaguquguquki, kanye nezindawo ezifiselekayo zama-cellulose ethers. Lokhu kuhilela ukuhlola umkhiqizo ukuze uthole amapharamitha afana nezinga lokushintsha, i-viscosity, ukusatshalaliswa kosayizi wezinhlayiyana, okuqukethwe umswakama, nokuhlanzeka kusetshenziswa amasu okuhlaziya afana ne-titration, viscometry, ne-spectroscopy.
Ukupakisha Nokugcina: Uma ama-cellulose ethers omisiwe futhi ahlolwa izinga, apakishwa ezitsheni ezifanele futhi agcinwe ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukumuncwa komswakama kanye nokuwohloka. Ukulebula okufanele kanye nokubhalwa kwemininingwane yenqwaba nakho kubalulekile ekulandeleleni nokuthobela imithetho.
Ngokulandela lezi zinyathelo, kungenzeka ukukhiqiza ama-ether e-cellulose ahlanzekile anezindawo ezifiselekayo zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene zezimboni, okuhlanganisa imithi, ukudla, izimonyo, izindwangu, nezinto zokwakha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-24-2024