Kwinkalo yemisebenzi yokomba, ulawulo olusebenzayo lwe-drilling fluids lubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni impumelelo kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo. Ulwelo lokugrumba, olukwabizwa ngokuba ludaka lokwemba, lusebenza ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo ukusukela ekupholiseni nasekuthambiseni intwana yokugrumba ukuya ekuthwaleni i-drill cuttings ukuya phezulu kunye nokubonelela uzinzo kumthombo. Elinye icandelo elibalulekileyo elihlala lifunyanwa kulwelo lokomba yiCarboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), isongezo esisebenza ngeendlela ezininzi esidlala iindima eziphambili ekwandiseni ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwemisebenzi yokomba.
1. Intshayelelo yeCarboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC):
ICarboxymethyl Cellulose, eqhele ukushunqulwa njengeCMC, yipolima enyibilikayo emanzini ephuma kwiselulosi, ikhompawundi eyenzeka ngokwendalo efumaneka kwizityalo. Iveliswa ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali ze-cellulose ngokusebenzisa i-etherification, apho amaqela e-hydroxyl athatyathwa ngamaqela e-carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH). Olu hlengahlengiso lunika iipropathi ezizodwa kwi-CMC, iyenza iguquguquke kakhulu kwaye ilungele uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo zamashishini, kubandakanya amayeza, ukutya, izinto zokuthambisa, kunye nolwelo lokomba.
2. IiPropati ze-CMC eziNxulumene neMicimbi yokuGwatywa
Phambi kokuphonononga kwizicelo zayo kulwelo lokomba, kubalulekile ukuqonda iipropathi eziphambili ze-CMC ezenza ukuba ibe sisongezo esixabisekileyo:
Ukunyibilika kwamanzi: I-CMC ibonisa ukunyibilika okubalaseleyo kwamanzi, ukwenza izisombululo ezicacileyo nezizinzileyo xa zixutywe namanzi. Le propati iququzelela ukudityaniswa lula kwimixube yolwelo lokomba, iqinisekisa ukusasazwa okufanayo.
Ulawulo lweRheological: I-CMC inika iipropathi ezibalulekileyo zerheological kulwelo lokomba, oluphembelela i-viscosity yabo, isimilo sokucheba, kunye nolawulo lokulahleka kolwelo. Ezi mpawu zibalulekile ekugcineni uzinzo lwequla kunye nokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kokomba.
Ulawulo lokuhluza: I-CMC isebenza njenge-arhente yokulawula ukuhluza, isenza ikeyiki ebhityileyo, engenamanzi yokucoca eludongeni lomthombo ukuthintela ukulahleka kolwelo ekubunjweni kwayo. Oku kunceda ukugcina i-gradients enqwenelekayo yoxinzelelo kunye nokuthintela umonakalo wokwakheka.
Uzinzo lobushushu: I-CMC ibonisa uzinzo olululo lwe-thermal kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaqondo obushushu adibana nawo kwimisebenzi yokomba. Le propati iqinisekisa ukusebenza okuhambelanayo kwee-drilling fluids naphantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu obufunyenwe kwi-drilling enzulu.
Unyamezelo lweTyuwa: I-CMC ibonisa ukunyamezela ityuwa okugqwesileyo, iyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kumanzi acocekileyo kunye namanzi etyuwa asekwe kukwemba. Oku kuguquguquka kubalulekile kwimisebenzi yokomba kwiimo ezahlukeneyo zejoloji.
Ukuhambelana kokusiNgqongileyo: I-CMC ithathwa njengenobuhlobo bendalo, i-biodegradable, kunye ne-non-toxic, inciphisa impembelelo yayo kwindalo kunye nokuthobela imigangatho yokulawula imisebenzi yokomba.
3. Imisebenzi ye-CMC kwi-Drilling Fluids:
Ukudityaniswa kwe-CMC kukwenziwa kolwelo lokomba kunceda imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo, inegalelo ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokhuseleko lwemisebenzi yokomba:
Ukuguqulwa kweViscosity: I-CMC inceda ukulawula i-viscosity ye-drilling fluid, ngaloo ndlela ibe nefuthe ekusebenzeni kwabo kwe-hydraulic kunye nokuthwala umthamo we-drill cuttings. Ngokulungelelanisa i-CMC yoxinaniso, iimpawu ze-rheological ezifana noxinzelelo lwesivuno, amandla ejeli, kunye nokuziphatha okuhamba kwamanzi kunokulungelelaniswa neemfuno ezithile zokomba.
Ulawulo lwelahleko yolwelo: Omnye weyona misebenzi iphambili ye-CMC ekugrumbeni ulwelo kukunciphisa ilahleko yolwelo ekubunjweni ngexesha lokomba. Ngokwenza ikeyiki ecekethekileyo, eyomelelayo yokucoca kudonga lomthombo, i-CMC inceda ukuvala iipores zokubunjwa, ukunciphisa ukuhlasela kwamanzi kunye nokugcina uzinzo lwequla.
Ukucocwa komngxuma kunye nokuSuspension: I-CMC iphucula iipropathi zokunqunyanyiswa zolwelo lokomba, ukuthintela ukuhlaliswa kwe-drill cuttings kunye ne-debris emazantsi omthombo. Oku kwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca umngxuma, kuququzelela ukukhutshwa kwe-cuttings kwi-wellbore kunye nokuthintela ukuvala umtya we-drill.
Ukuthambisa kunye nokuPholisa: I-CMC isebenza njengearhente yokuthambisa kulwelo lokomba, inciphisa ingxabano phakathi komtya wokugrumba kunye nodonga lomthombo. Oku kunciphisa ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula kwizixhobo zokomba, kuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye kunceda ukukhupha ubushushu obuveliswa ngexesha lokomba, ngaloo ndlela kube negalelo kulawulo lobushushu.
UKhuseleko loKwakha: Ngokunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi kunye nokugcina uzinzo lwe-wellbore, i-CMC inceda ukukhusela ukubunjwa kumonakalo kunye nokugcina ingqibelelo yayo. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kulwakhiwo olunovakalelo oluthanda ukuwa okanye ludumbe xa udibana nolwelo lokomba.
Ukuhambelana nezongezo: I-CMC ibonisa ukuhambelana okugqwesileyo kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezongezo zolwelo zokomba, kubandakanya iityuwa, iiviscosifiers, kunye neearhente zobunzima. Oku kuguquguquka kuvumela ukuqulunqwa kweenkqubo ezilungiselelweyo zokomba ezilungiselelwe iimeko ezithile zequla kunye neenjongo zokomba.
4. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kwiiSystems zokuGwatywa kwe-Fluid:
Ukuguquguquka kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-CMC kuyenza ibe yinto eyongeziweyo kuyo yonke indawo kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yokwemba ulwelo oluqeshwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zokomba:
Udaka olusekelwe kumanzi (i-WBM): Kumanzi okugaya asekelwe emanzini, i-CMC isebenza njenge-rheological modifier engundoqo, i-arhente yokulawula ukulahleka kwamanzi, kunye ne-shale inhibition additive. Inceda ukuphucula uzinzo lwe-wellbore, iphakamisa ukuthuthwa kwe-cuttings, kwaye iququzelele ukucocwa komngxuma osebenzayo kwiimeko ezininzi zokomba.
Udaka oluSekwe kwi-Oyile (i-OBM): I-CMC ifumana izicelo kwi-oyile-based drilling fluids ngokunjalo, apho isebenza njenge-rheology modifier, i-arhente yokulawula ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi, kunye ne-emulsifier stabilizer. Ubume bayo bokunyibilika kwamanzi buvumela ukuba kube lula ukufakwa kwi-oyile eyenziwe ngodaka, ukubonelela ngokusebenza okuphuculweyo kunye nokuthotyelwa kokusingqongileyo.
Udaka oluSekwe kwi-Synthetic (SBM): I-CMC iphinda isetyenziswe kwi-synthetic-based drilling fluids, apho inceda ukuphucula iimpawu ze-rheological, ulawulo lokulahlekelwa kwamanzi, kunye nokuvinjelwa kwe-shale ngelixa iqinisekisa ukuhambelana ne-oyile yesiseko sokwenziwa. Oku kwenza iisistim ze-SBM zisebenziseke ngakumbi kwaye zisebenze kwiimeko ezinzima zokomba.
Usetyenziso oluKhethekileyo: Ngaphaya kweenkqubo zolwelo eziqhelekileyo zokomba, i-CMC iqashwe kwizicelo ezikhethekileyo ezifana nokugrumba okungalungelelananga, ukombiwa koxinzelelo olulawulwayo, kunye nokomelezwa kwequla. Iimpawu zayo ezikhethekileyo zenza ukuba zilungele ukujongana nemingeni ethile ehambelana neemeko ezinzima zokugaya, ezifana neefestile ezixinzelelekileyo ze-pore kunye nokwakheka okungazinzanga.
I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuqulunqweni nasekusebenzeni kolwelo lokomba kuluhlu olubanzi lwemisebenzi yokomba. Iimpawu zayo ezizodwa, kubandakanya ukunyibilika kwamanzi, ulawulo lwerheological, ulawulo lokuhluza, uzinzo lobushushu, kunye nokuhambelana kokusingqongileyo, kuyenza ibe sisongezo esibalulekileyo sokuphucula uzinzo lwe-wellbore, ukusebenza kolwelo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokomba. Ukusuka kumadaka asekelwe emanzini ukuya kwiinkqubo ze-oyile kunye ne-synthetic-based based, i-CMC ifumana izicelo ezibanzi, ezinegalelo kwimpumelelo kunye nokhuseleko lwemisebenzi yokomba kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo zejoloji kunye neemeko zokusebenza. Njengoko ubugcisa bokomba buqhubeka nokuvela kunye nemiceli mngeni yokomba isiba nzima ngakumbi, ukubaluleka kwe-CMC ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kolwelo lokugrumba kunye nokunciphisa imingcipheko yokusebenza kulindeleke ukuba ihlale ibalulekile.
Ngokuqonda imisebenzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-CMC kumanzi okomba, iinjineli zokomba kunye nabaqhubi banokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi malunga nokwakhiwa kolwelo, ukhetho olongezelelweyo, kunye nezicwangciso zokusebenza, ekugqibeleni okukhokelela ekuphuculweni kokwakhiwa kwequla, iindleko ezincitshisiweyo, kunye nokuphuculwa kokugcinwa kokusingqongileyo kwi-oyile negesi. ishishini.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-27-2024