Yintoni ukwakheka kweekhemikhali ze-polyanionic cellulose

I-Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) iphuma kwi-cellulose eguqulwe ngamachiza, eyipolysaccharide eyenzeka ngokwemvelo efumaneka kwiindonga zeeseli zezityalo. I-PAC idla ngokusetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukombiwa kwe-oyile, ukwenziwa kokutya, amayeza, kunye nezinto zokuthambisa, ngenxa yeempawu zayo ezizodwa zekhemikhali. Ubume bayo beekhemikhali, ukwakheka, kunye neepropathi zenza ukuba ibe sidibaniso esibalulekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi.

Ulwakhiwo lweSelulosi:

I-Cellulose yi-polysaccharide ehambelanayo eyenziwe ngamacandelo aphindaphindiweyo e-β-D-glucose molekyuli ezidityaniswe yi-β (1 → 4) iibhondi ze-glycosidic. Iyunithi nganye ye-glucose inamaqela amathathu e-hydroxyl (-OH), abaluleke kakhulu ekuguqulweni kweekhemikhali.

Ukuguqulwa kwemichiza:

I-Polyanionic cellulose iveliswa ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali zeselulosi. Inkqubo yokuguqulwa ibandakanya ukuqaliswa kwamaqela e-anionic kwi-backbone ye-cellulose, inikezela ngeepropati ezithile. Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokuguqula i-cellulose ziquka i-etherification kunye ne-esterification reactions.

Amaqela e-Anionic:

Amaqela e-anionic afakwe kwi-cellulose ngexesha lokuguqulwa anika iipropati ze-polyanionic kwi-polymer ephumela. La maqela angabandakanya i-carboxylate (-COO⁻), i-sulfate (-OSO₃⁻), okanye i-phosphate (-OPO₃⁻) amaqela. Ukukhethwa kweqela le-anionic kuxhomekeke kwiipropati ezifunwayo kunye nezicelo ezijoliswe kuyo ze-polyanionic cellulose.

Ubume beMichiza yePAC:

Ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali ze-polyanionic cellulose kuyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwindlela ethile yokudibanisa kunye nesicelo esijoliswe kuyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi, iPAC iqulathe ngokuyintloko i-cellulose backbone kunye namaqela e-anionic aqhotyoshelwe kuyo. I-degree of substitution (DS), ebhekiselele kumyinge wenani lamaqela e-anionic kwiyunithi ye-glucose, inokuhluka kwaye ifuthe kakhulu kwiipropati zePAC.

Umzekelo Ulwakhiwo lweMichiza:

Umzekelo wesakhiwo sekhemikhali ye-polyanionic cellulose enamaqela e-carboxylate imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Isakhiwo sePolyanionic Cellulose

Kulo lwakhiwo, izangqa ezihlaza okwesibhakabhaka zimela iiyunithi ze-glucose ze-cellulose backbone, kunye nezangqa ezibomvu zimela amaqela e-carboxylate anionic (-COO⁻) aqhotyoshelwe kwezinye iiyunithi ze-glucose.

Iinkcazelo ngeempawu:

I-Polyanionic cellulose ibonisa iipropati ezininzi ezinqwenelekayo, kuquka:

Ukuguqulwa kwe-Rheology: Inokulawula i-viscosity kunye nokulahleka kolwelo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, ezinje ngolwelo lokomba kwishishini leoli.

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi: I-PAC inokufunxa kwaye igcine amanzi, iwenza abe luncedo kwiimveliso ezifuna ulawulo lokufuma, ezifana neemveliso zokutya okanye ukwakhiwa kwamayeza.

Uzinzo: Ukwandisa ukuzinza kunye nokusebenza kwiifom ezahlukeneyo ngokuthintela ukuhlukana kwesigaba okanye ukuhlanganiswa.

I-Biocompatibility: Kwizicelo ezininzi, i-PAC i-biocompatible kwaye ayinayo ityhefu, iyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kumayeza kunye neemveliso zokutya.

Usetyenziso:

I-Polyanionic cellulose ifumana ukusetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo:

Ulwelo lwe-oyile yokomba: I-PAC yongeza undoqo wokugrumba udaka ukulawula i-viscosity, ilahleko yolwelo, kunye nokuthintela i-shale.

Ukulungiswa kokutya: Isetyenziswa njenge-thickener, stabilizer, okanye iarhente yokugcina amanzi kwiimveliso zokutya ezifana neesosi, iilokhwe, kunye neziselo.

Amachiza: I-PAC isebenza njengesibophelelo, i-disintegrant, okanye i-viscosity modifier kwi-tablet formulations, i-suspension, kunye ne-topical creams.

Izithambiso: Isetyenziswa kwiimveliso zokhathalelo lomntu ezifana neekhrimu, izinto zokuthambisa, neeshampu ukunika ulawulo lwe-viscosity nokuzinza.

Ukuvelisa:

Inkqubo yokwenza i-polyanionic cellulose ibandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi:

Ukufumana i-Cellulose: Iselulosi ngokuqhelekileyo ivela kwi-pulp yomthi okanye i-cotton linters.

Ukuguqulwa kweekhemikhali: Iselulosi ingena kwi-etherification okanye i-esterification reactions ukwazisa amaqela e-anionic kwiiyunithi ze-glucose.

Ukucocwa: I-cellulose elungisiweyo ihlanjululwe ukususa ukungcola kunye neemveliso.

Ukomisa kunye nokupakishwa: I-cellulose ye-polyanionic ecocekileyo yomiswa kwaye ipakishwe ukuze isasazwe kumashishini ahlukeneyo.

i-polyanionic cellulose yi-chemically modified derivative ye-cellulose kunye namaqela e-anionic afakwe kwi-cellulose backbone. Ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali zayo, kubandakanywa uhlobo kunye nokuxinana kwamaqela e-anionic, imisela iimpawu zayo kunye nokufaneleka kwezicelo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini afana nokugrumba ioli, ukulungiswa kokutya, amayeza, kunye nezithambiso. Ngolawulo oluchanekileyo lokudityaniswa kunye nokuqulunqwa kwayo, i-polyanionic cellulose iyaqhubeka iyinto edityanisiweyo kwiimveliso ezininzi kunye neenkqubo kwihlabathi jikelele.