"Iiarhente" ezintlanu "zekhredithi esekwe emanzini!

isishwankathelo

I-1. Ukumanzisa kunye nokusasaza iarhente

2. Defoamer

I-3. I-thi coker

I-4. Ukuqulunqwa kwefilimu

5. Ezinye izongezo

Ukumanzisa kunye nokusasaza iarhente

Amatyala asekwe emanzini asebenzisa amanzi njengesinyibilikisi okanye ukusasazeka okuphakathi, kwaye amanzi anendawo enkulu ye-dielectric, ke amaqela asekwe emanzini alungiswa ikakhulu yi-elektrostatic xa umbane wamanzi.

Ukongeza, kwinkqubo esekwe emanzini, kuhlala kukho ii-polymers kunye ne-polymers ye-ionic ye-Ionic, ezingenamkhenkce kumphezulu we-filmer filid, zenza isithintelo se-steyice kwaye zizimisele ukusasazeka. Ke ngoko, iipende ezisekwe emanzini kunye nee-eulsions zifezekisa iziphumo ezihlanganisiweyo ngesenzo esidibeneyo sokubuyiswa kwe-elektrostiki kunye ne-steric steric. Ukungaqiniseki kwayo kuyingxaki yokunganyangeki ye-electrolyte, ngakumbi kumaxabiso amanqam aphezulu.

1.1 Iarhente emanzi

Iiarhente ezimanzi zengubo ye-Waterbornergy zahlulahlulwe zaba yi-audic kunye ne-Intanethi.

Ukudityaniswa kwe-arhente yokumanyanisa kunye nearhente yokusasaza ikwazi ukufezekisa iziphumo ezifanelekileyo. Imali yearhente yokuma amanzi ngokubanzi imbalwa kwiwaka. Iziphumo zayo ezibi zitshixiza kwaye zinciphise ukumelana kwamanzi kwefilimu ehlekisayo.

Enye yendlela yophuhliso yearhente emanzi kukutshintsha i-polyoxyyl (benzene) ye-phenol other (i-Apeo okanye i-Apeo okanye i-APEO okanye i-APEO okanye i-APE) ye-hormones emanzi, kuba ikhokelela kwi-endocrine. I-Polyoxyylene Alkyl (Benzene) I-phenol yathuna isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njenge-EMULSISIRS ngexesha lokunyanzeliswa kwe-emulsion Polymerization.

I-Twin surfacants ikwanokuphuhlisa okutsha. Zimbini iimolekyuli ze-Ampringhicilic ezidityaniswe nguSpacer. Elona phawu libonakalayo le-twin-leselokwe kukuba uxinzelelo lwe-mielle (cmc) lungaphezulu komyalelo wobukhulu obuphantsi kuneso sezinto zabo "zeseli" zeseli, zilandelwe ngokusebenza kakuhle. Njengo-Tego Twin 4000, lililin selight seliXane, kwaye inee-film ezingazinzanga kunye neepropathi ezidayayo.

1.2 Ukusasazeka

Ukusasazeka kwepeyinti ye-Latex yahlulwe yangamanqanaba amane: abasasazi be-phosphate, abasasazi be-gollucidid, abasasazi be-polluacid be-polluacid, abanye abasasazi kunye nabanye abasasazi.

Olona nyango lusetyenziswa kakhulu zii-Polyphosphates, ezinjengeSodium Hexumate (i-Sodium Polyphotele (i-Callgon n, i-Polygon n, i-Potgon n, i-Potgon N, i-TTPP) yeTyrophosphate (TKPP).

Indlela yesenzo yesenzo sayo kukuzinzisa ukuphindaphinda i-elektrostatic nge-hydrogen bound kunye ne-adsorption yamachiza. Inzuzo yayo kukuba umthamo uphantsi, malunga ne-0.1%, kwaye inefuthe lokusasazeka oluhle kwimigangatho ye-inorganic kunye neefilitha. Kodwa kwakukho nokusilela: enye, kunye nokukhulisa ixabiso le-pH kunye neqondo lokushisa, iPolyphosphate i-hydrolyzed, ibangela uzinzo lwexesha elide; Ukuchithwa okungaphelelanga kwiphakathi kuya kuchaphazela i-gloss ye-glossy paent.

I-1 phosphate sasasazeka

I-phosphate ye-Ester Esster Ukuzinzisa ukusasazeka kwe-pigment, kubandakanya imigangatho esebenzayo njenge-zinc axide. Kwimizobo yepeyinti ye-gloss, iphucula iiglossi kunye nokuzihlaziya. Ngokungafaniyo nolunye ukumanzi kunye nokusasaza izongezelelo, ukongezwa kwe-phosphate endade ye-phosphate ye-phosphate engachaphazeli i-Kumy Ki kunye ne-ICI Viscosity yeCoid.

I-Polyinacid I-Pomopolymer isisasazi, njenge-tasol 1254 ne-tasol 850, iTamol 850 yi-homolylic acid yeMethacrylic.

I-Polyacid Copolymer eshukumisayo, njenge-Orotan 731a, eyi-copolymer ye-diisobutlene kunye ne-acic acid. Iimpawu zezi ntlobo zimbini zokusasazeka kukuba zivelisa i-adsorction eyomeleleyo okanye i-adhoring kumphezulu wemifanekiso kunye neefilimu, zinemixokelelwane ye-molecular, kwaye i-stains ye-molecular ibe ngumqeshwa, kwaye ezinye zixhaswe yimali yokuhlawula i-elektrostatic to fezekisa iziphumo ezizinzileyo. Ukwenza ukuba abasasazi baneempawu ezintle, ubunzima bemolekyuli kufuneka balawulwe ngokungqongqo. Ukuba ubunzima bemolekyuli buncinci kakhulu, akuyi kubakho isithintelo se-steyic; Ukuba ubunzima bemolekyuli bukhulu kakhulu, iya kwenzeka ngentyatyambo. Ngee-Pollicylates, olona phumuko ubalaseleyo xa inqanaba le-polymerizazation liyi-12-18.

Ezinye iintlobo zokusasazeka, ezinje nge-AMP-95, zinegama leekhemikhali le-2-Amino-2-I-methyl-1-propanol. Iqela le-Amino liqinisekile kumphezulu wamasuntswana anolwazi, kwaye iqela le-hydroxyl lidlulisela emanzini, edlala indima yokuzinzisa ngokuthintela isithintelo se-steric. Ngenxa yobungakanani bayo obuncinci, isithintelo se-steyic silinganiselwe. I-AMP-95 ikakhulu ngumlawuli.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, uphando kubasasazi luye loyise ingxaki yendlela yokubangelwa kukugula kwemolekyuli ephezulu, kunye nophuhliso lobunzima obuphezulu bemolekyuli yenye yeendlela. Umzekelo, i-equictur ephakamileyo yemolekyuli eveliswe yi-Emolymerion Polymerization iphuhliswe ngokukodwa ukuhambisa amanzi kwimveliso yamanzi, kufanelekile ukusasazwa kwendalo kunye nokusasazeka kwe-pubnigancy, kwaye kuxhathise amanzi amaninzi.

Amaqela ama-Amino amaqela anobubele obulungileyo kwii-pigment ezininzi nge-acid-usesise okanye i-hydrogen. Ibhloko ye-copolymer isasazeka nge-aminoadrylic acid njengeqela elisebenzayo lithathelwe ingqalelo.

2 Ukusasazeka nge-dimthylaminoethyl metacrylate njengeqela le-anchoring

I-Tego Prems ezingama-655 zokumanzi kwaye isasaza i-Arsoriting isetyenziswa kwiipeyinti ze-allmotive ye-Allblergy kungekuphela kwi-pigment kuphela kwi-pigment kodwa ikwathintela umgubo wealuminium kuphela ekusebenzeni ngamanzi.

Ngenxa yenkxalabo yendalo esingqongileyo, i-biedegraday emanzi kwaye ikhule isasaza iarhente, njenge-Eroggem AE iguquli-rin-I-Agest kwaye ichithe i-arhente enamanzi asezantsi kwaye ihlazo eliphantsi kunye neearhente ezinamanzi asezantsi.

UDefoamer

Zininzi iintlobo zeDefoamers ezisekwe emanzini, ezihlulwe zangamacandelo amathathu: Ii-Demomerali ze-oyile yezimbiwa, i-Polysiloxanes, iiDemomers.

Ii-Demomers ze-oyile eziqhelekileyo zihlala zisetyenziswa, ubukhulu becala kwiflethi kunye ne-semi-gloss paints.

I-Polysiloxane Defoamers inexinzelelo lomphezulu we-Polysiloxane olona xinzelelo lomphezulu, ukudalwa okuqinileyo nokungakhathali kunye nokungabi nazintloni, kodwa xa isetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga, kodwa ziya kubangela ukutshata kwefilimu ehlekisayo kunye nokufikelelwa kakubi.

Ii-Demomers ezisekwe emanzini asemgangathweni azihambelani nesigaba samanzi ukufezekisa injongo yokudimaza, ngoko kulula ukuvelisa isiphene somphezulu kwifilimu ehlekisayo.

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iifolda ze-molecular ziphuhlisiwe.

Lo mmeli we-antiifaum ngumthengisi owenziwe ngokungqala izinto ezisebenzayo ngokuchasene nezinto ezithwalini. I-molecular thein ye-polymer ineqela elimanziweyo le-hydroxyl, isixhobo esisebenzayo esisebenzayo sisasazwa malunga nemolekyuli, into esebenzayo akukho lula ukuba ixhaswe, kwaye ukuhambelana nenkqubo yokuthuka kulungile. Ezo damomers ezinjalo zibandakanya ii-oyile ze-musicrel-ringstar A10, i-Silicon-ene-A30 uthotho, kunye ne-silicon, i-polymers engase-oyile - i-follys ye-oyile - i-polyssers ye-oyile.

Le defoma-isikali Defoamer isebenzisa i-polymer ye-polymer engahambelaniyo kwaye iphumelele iziphumo ezilungileyo kwiZicelo zokuSebenza zamanzi. Imveliso yomoya iBanga le-Defoamer inikezwe ngu-Stout et al. yi-artylene glylic-esekwe kwi-Amment Arhente ye-Glyccol-esekwe kwi-Defoamer kunye ne-Defoamer enamanzi amaninzi, anjenge-surfynol md 20 kunye ne-surfynol df 37.

Ukongeza, ukuze kuhlangatyezwane neemfuno zokuvelisa i-zero-voat, kukho iidiliya ezingena kwi-voC, ezifana ne-Agitan 315, Agitan E 255, njl.

tickener

Zininzi iintlobo zee-thi cokeiners, okwangoku zihlala zisetyenziswa i-ether ye-ether ye-ether kunye nee-shrivkivers zayo, i-alkali engagungqiyo (hase) kunye ne-polysurethane this (heur).

3.1. I-selsulose ether kunye neengxaki zayo

I-HYDROXYTYL ILANDILONE (Hec)Yaqala yaveliswa ngokomzi mveliso ngeNkampani ye-Brbide yeManyano ngo-1932, kwaye inembali engaphezu kweminyaka engama-70.

Okwangoku, iziqwengana ze-seluplose i-ether kwaye i-shrivetives yayo ikakhulu zibandakanya i-hydroxyyl seluplose (hec), i-MHYL Hydroxlose (ETYL), I-MHYL HydDose (MC) kunye neXantan Gum , njlnjl. Phakathi kwabo, i-hec yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu kwipeyinti ye-Latex.

3.2 I-Alkali-Swellenerd tickener

I-Alkali-Swellegleiners yahlulahlulwe yangamacandelo amabini: Amanzi angenazixhobo-ongenabantu abangenabantu (Ase) kunye ne-Alkali-Swelleging Alkali-Swelled Fickegers (Hase), i-anaion amakhulu. I-ASE engahambelaniyo i-Polylyacryal Alkali i-Emuulsion.

3.3. I-Polyurethane tickener kunye ne-hydrophobild eguqulwe yi-polyurethane tickener

I-Polyurrethane tickener, ekubhekiswa kuyo njengeHur, yi-Hydrophobic ye-Hydrophobic Polyrethane Polymer, ye-Ionic Scicking Scicking tickener.

I-heur iqulunqwe ngamacandelo amathathu: Iqela le-hydrophobic, i-hydrophocilic chain kunye neqela lePolyurethane.

Iqela le-hydrophobic lidlala indima yombutho kwaye yinto ethatha isigqibo sokuqina, ihlala i-Oleyl, iOctadecyl, Dodecylphenylp, NJENLFOL, njl.

Nangona kunjalo, inqanaba lokufakwa endaweni yamaqela e-hydrophobic kwiziphelo zomibini ezinye izinto ezifumanekayo kurhwebo luye ngaphantsi kwe-0.9, kwaye eyona ilungileyo kuphela 1.7. Iimeko zokuphendula kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo ukufumana i-polyururthane tickener nge-tickener yesiqhelo yokuhanjiswa kwemolekyuli kunye nokusebenza ngokuzinzileyo. Uninzi lwee-hersnthethed zidityaniswe yiPolymerization ye-polymermera, ke ngoko nakufumaneka kwimibutho yezorhwebo ngokubanzi imilinganiselo ebanzi yemolekyuli.

Ukongeza kwi-Colyrethane ye-Polyrethane echazwe apha ngasentla, kukho ne-ralving-njenge-polyturethane ye-ponturethane. I-Colyurethane ebizwa ngokuba yiPolyurethane tickener ithetha ukuba kukho iqela le-hydrophobic embindini wemolekyuli nganye. Iziqwenga ezinjalo njenge-SCT-200 kunye ne-SCT-275 njl njl.

Xa uyongeza isixa esiqhelekileyo samaqela e-hydrophobic, kukho kuphela amaqela ama-2 kuphela e-phudrophobic, ngoko ke i-ficker eguqulwe nge-ficker engafaniyo ayifani kakhulu kwi-her, efana ne-opiflo h 500, bona umzobo 3.

Ukuba amaqela ama-hydrophobic yongezwa, anje nge-8%, iimeko zokuphendula zinokulungiswa ukuba zivelise i-ron ye-rocophobic evaliweyo. Ewe kunjalo, oku kukwangumlinganiso omkhulu.

Le Amino ye-Hydrophobic ye-Hydrophobic inokuthintela umzobo wepeyinti ukusuka ekwenzeni ngenxa yokongezwa kwexabiso le-surfcapes kunye ne-Glycol Sutols xa kudityaniswa umbala. Isizathu kukuba amaqela aqinileyo e-hydrophobic anokuthintela ukuthathwa, kwaye amaqela amaninzi e-hydrophobic anonxibelelwano olomeleleyo.