Uzilungisa njani ii-ether ze-cellulose ezimsulwa?

Ukuvelisa i-ethers ye-cellulose ecocekileyo kubandakanya amanyathelo amaninzi, ukusuka ekutsalweni kwe-cellulose kwizinto zezityalo ukuya kwinkqubo yokuguqulwa kwemichiza.

I-Cellulose Sourcing: I-Cellulose, i-polysaccharide efumaneka kwiindonga zeeseli zezityalo, isebenza njengezinto eziluhlaza ze-cellulose ethers. Imithombo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya ipulp yomthi, umqhaphu, kunye nezinye izityalo ezinefibrous ezifana nejute okanye ihemp.

I-Pulping: I-Pulping yinkqubo yokwahlula iifiber ze-cellulose kwizinto zesityalo. Oku kudla ngokufezekiswa ngoomatshini okanye ngemichiza. I-pulping ye-Mechanical pulping ibandakanya ukugaya okanye ukucokisa izinto zokwahlula iifibers, ngelixa i-chemical pulping, efana ne-kraft process, isebenzisa iikhemikhali ezifana ne-sodium hydroxide kunye ne-sodium sulfide ukutshabalalisa i-lignin kunye ne-hemicellulose, ishiya i-cellulose ngasemva.

I-Bleaching (Ngokuzikhethela): Ukuba ucoceko oluphezulu luyanqweneleka, i-pulp ye-cellulose inokungena kwinkqubo yokucoca ukususa nayiphi na i-lignin eseleyo, i-hemicellulose, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolileyo. I-chlorine dioksidi, i-hydrogen peroxide, okanye i-oksijini zizinto eziqhelekileyo zokuthambisa ezisetyenziswa kweli nyathelo.

Ukuqalisa: I-cellulose ethers idla ngokulungiswa ngokusabela i-cellulose kunye ne-alkali metal hydroxides ukwenza i-alkali cellulose ephakathi. Eli nyathelo libandakanya ukudumba imicu ye-cellulose kwisisombululo sesodium hydroxide okanye i-potassium hydroxide kwiqondo lobushushu eliphakamileyo. Eli nyathelo lokuvula lenza ukuba i-cellulose isebenze ngakumbi kwi-etherification.

I-Etherification: I-Etherification linyathelo eliphambili ekuveliseni i-cellulose ethers. Kubandakanya ukwazisa amaqela e-ether (afana ne-methyl, ethyl, i-hydroxyethyl, okanye amaqela e-hydroxypropyl) kumqolo we-cellulose. Le ntshukumo yenziwa ngokuphatha i-alkali cellulose nge-etherifying agents njenge-alkyl halides (umzekelo, i-methyl chloride ye-methyl cellulose), i-alkylene oxides (umzekelo, i-ethylene oxide ye-hydroxyethyl cellulose), okanye i-alkyl halohydrins (umz., ipropylene oxide ye-hydroxypropyl cellulose). ) phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo zobushushu, uxinzelelo, kunye ne-pH.

I-Neutralization kunye nokuhlamba: Emva kwe-etherification, umxube wokuphendula awuthathi hlangothi ukususa i-alkali engaphezulu. Oku ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa ngokudibanisa i-asidi, efana ne-hydrochloric acid okanye i-asidi ye-sulfuric, ukuze unciphise i-alkali kunye nokunciphisa i-cellulose ether. Imveliso ephumayo ke ihlanjwe ngamanzi ukuze isuse naziphi na iikhemikhali ezishiyekileyo kunye neemveliso.

Ukomisa: Imveliso ye-cellulose ether ehlanjiweyo yomiswa ngokwesiqhelo ukuze isuse ukufuma okugqithisileyo kwaye ifumane umgubo wokugqibela okanye ifomu yegranular. Oku kunokwenziwa ngokusebenzisa ubuchule obunjengokomisa umoya, ukomisa ngesifunxa, okanye ukomisa ngesitshizi.

Ulawulo lomgangatho: Amanyathelo olawulo lomgangatho abalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucoceka, ukungaguquguquki, kunye neempawu ezinqwenelekayo ze-cellulose ethers. Oku kubandakanya ukuvavanya imveliso yeeparamitha ezinje ngeqondo lokutshintsha, i-viscosity, ukuhanjiswa kobungakanani besuntswana, umxholo wokufuma, kunye nokucoceka kusetyenziswa iindlela zohlalutyo ezifana ne-titration, viscometry, kunye ne-spectroscopy.

Ukupakishwa kunye nokugcinwa: Emva kokuba ii-ether ze-cellulose zomisiwe kwaye zivavanywe umgangatho, zipakishwa kwizikhongozelo ezifanelekileyo kwaye zigcinwe phantsi kweemeko ezilawulwayo ukuthintela ukufunxa nokuthotywa komswakama. Ukuleyibhile ngokufanelekileyo kunye namaxwebhu eenkcukacha zebhetshi nazo zibalulekile ekulandeleni umkhondo kunye nokuthotyelwa kokulawula.

Ngokulandela la manyathelo, kuyenzeka ukuvelisa ii-ethers zeselulosi ezinyulu ezineempawu ezinqwenelekayo zokusetyenziswa kwemizi-mveliso eyahlukeneyo, kubandakanya amayeza, ukutya, izinto zokuthambisa, amalaphu, kunye nezinto zokwakha.