Nigute ushobora kubona selile mu ipamba?

Intangiriro yo Gukuramo Cellulose ivuye mu ipamba:
Ipamba, fibre naturel, igizwe ahanini na selile, urunigi rwa polysaccharide rugizwe na glucose. Gukuramo selile mu ipamba bikubiyemo kumena fibre no gukuraho umwanda kugirango ubone ibicuruzwa byiza bya selile. Iyi selile yakuwe ifite porogaramu zitandukanye mu nganda nk'imyenda, impapuro, imiti, n'ibiribwa.

Intambwe ya 1: Gusarura no kubanza kuvura ipamba:
Gusarura: Fibre fibre iboneka mumashanyarazi y'ipamba. Ibibyimba byatoranijwe iyo bimaze gukura bigaturika, bikerekana fibre yera yera imbere.
Isuku: Nyuma yo gusarura, ipamba ikorwa muburyo bwo gukora isuku kugirango ikureho umwanda nkumwanda, imbuto, nibice byamababi. Ibi byemeza ko selile yakuweho ifite isuku nyinshi.
Kuma: Ipamba isukuye noneho irumishwa kugirango ikureho ubuhehere burenze. Kuma ni ngombwa kuko ipamba itose ishobora gutuma mikorobe ikura, ishobora kwangiza ubwiza bwa selile.

Intambwe ya 2: Gutunganya imashini:
Gufungura no kweza: Ipamba yumye ikorerwa imashini kugirango itandukane fibre kandi ikureho umwanda wose usigaye. Iyi nzira ikubiyemo gufungura ipamba no kuyinyuza mumashini irushaho kweza no guhanagura fibre.
Ikarita: Ikarita ni inzira yo guhuza fibre ya pamba muburyo bubangikanye kugirango ube urubuga ruto. Iyi ntambwe ifasha mugushikira uburinganire muburyo bwa fibre, nibyingenzi mugutunganya nyuma.
Igishushanyo: Mugushushanya, fibre yikarita irambuye kandi igabanuka kugeza mubwiza bwiza. Iyi ntambwe iremeza ko fibre ikwirakwizwa kandi igahuzwa, ikongerera imbaraga nubwiza bwibicuruzwa bya selile ya nyuma.

Intambwe ya 3: Gutunganya imiti (Mercerisation):
Mercerisation: Mercerisation ni imiti ikoreshwa mu kuzamura imiterere ya fibre selile, harimo kongera imbaraga, kurabagirana, no guhuza amarangi. Muri ubu buryo, fibre ya pamba ivurwa hakoreshejwe igisubizo cya sodium hydroxide (NaOH) cyangwa indi alkali mugihe cyihariye n'ubushyuhe.
Kubyimba: Kuvura alkali bitera fibre ya selile kubyimba, bigatuma kwiyongera kwa diameter hamwe nubuso bwubuso. Uku kubyimba kwerekana amatsinda menshi ya hydroxyl hejuru ya selile, bigatuma irushaho gukora reaction yimiti ikurikira.
Kwoza no kutabogama: Nyuma ya mercerisation, fibre yogejwe neza kugirango ikureho alkali irenze. Alkali itabangamiwe hakoreshejwe igisubizo cya acide kugirango ituze selile kandi ikumire izindi miti.

Intambwe ya 4: Gusunika:
Kumenagura Cellulose: Fibre ya pamba ya mercerize ihita ikorwa, aho igashonga mumashanyarazi kugirango ikuremo selile. Umuti usanzwe ukoreshwa mu gusesa selile harimo N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) hamwe n’amazi ya ionic nka 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM] [OAc]).
Homogenisation: Igisubizo cya selile yashegeshwe ni kimwe kugirango habeho uburinganire n'ubwuzuzanye. Iyi ntambwe ifasha mugushikira igisubizo kimwe cya selulose ikwiye gutunganywa neza.

Intambwe ya 5: Kuvugurura:
Imvura: Iyo selile imaze gushonga, igomba guhindurwa mushya uhereye kumashanyarazi. Ibi bigerwaho no kugabanya igisubizo cya selile mu bwogero budashonga. Kudashonga bituma selile yongera kugwa muburyo bwa fibre cyangwa ibintu bimeze nka gel.
Gukaraba no Kuma: Cellulose ivuguruye yogejwe neza kugirango ikureho ibisigisigi byose bisigaye. Hanyuma iruma kugirango ibone ibicuruzwa bya selile yanyuma muburyo bwa fibre, flake, cyangwa ifu, bitewe nibisabwa.

Intambwe ya 6: Ibiranga no kugenzura ubuziranenge:
Isesengura: Cellulose yakuweho ikoresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gusesengura kugirango isuzume ubuziranenge bwayo, uburemere bwa molekile, kristu, nibindi bintu. Ubuhanga nka X-ray itandukanya (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), hamwe na scanning electron microscopie (SEM) ikoreshwa muburyo bwo kuranga selile.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge: Ingamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge zishyirwa mubikorwa mugihe cyo kuvoma kugirango habeho guhuza no kubahiriza ibipimo byagenwe. Ibipimo nkibishobora kwibumbira hamwe, ubushyuhe, nigihe cyo gutunganya birakurikiranwa kandi bigashyirwa mubikorwa kugirango ugere ku bwiza bwa selile.

Intambwe 7: Gushyira mu bikorwa Cellulose:
Imyenda: Cellulose yakuwe mu ipamba isanga ikoreshwa cyane mu nganda z’imyenda mu gukora imyenda, ubudodo, n imyenda. Ihabwa agaciro kubworoshye, kwinjirira, no guhumeka.
Impapuro no gupakira: Cellulose nikintu cyingenzi mugukora impapuro, ikarito, nibikoresho byo gupakira. Itanga imbaraga, kuramba, no gucapwa kubicuruzwa.
Imiti ya farumasi: Ibikomoka kuri selile nka selulose acetate na hydroxypropyl selulose ikoreshwa muburyo bwa farumasi nka binders, disintegrants, hamwe nubushakashatsi bugenzura.
Ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa: Ibikomoka kuri selile nka methyl selulose na carboxymethyl selulose bikoreshwa mu nganda zibiribwa nkibibyimbye, stabilisateur, na emulisiferi mubicuruzwa bitandukanye byibiribwa n'ibinyobwa.

Gukuramo selile mu ipamba birimo urukurikirane rw'intambwe zirimo gusarura, kubanza kubivura, gutunganya imashini, gutunganya imiti, gusya, kuvugurura, no kuranga. Buri ntambwe ningirakamaro mugutandukanya selile nziza hamwe nibintu byifuzwa. Cellulose yakuwe ifite porogaramu zitandukanye mu nganda nk'imyenda, impapuro, imiti, n'ibiribwa, bituma iba polimeri karemano kandi ifite agaciro. Uburyo bwiza bwo kuvoma hamwe ningamba zo kugenzura ubuziranenge byemeza umusaruro wa selile nziza yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ikwiranye na porogaramu zitandukanye.