E hia nga momo cellulose?

1. Ether Cellulose

Ko te etera cellulose te hangahanga he kupu whanui mo te raupapa o nga hua i hangaia e te tauhohenga o te cellulose alkali me te kaihoko whakaetere i raro i etahi tikanga. Ko te cellulose alkali ka whakakapihia e nga momo etherifying agents ki te whiwhi i nga momo ether cellulose. E ai ki nga ahuatanga o te katote o nga mea whakakapi, ka taea te wehea nga etera cellulose ki nga waahanga e rua: katote (pērā i te carboxymethyl cellulose) me te kore-ionic (pēnei i te methyl cellulose). E ai ki te momo whakakapinga, ka taea te wehea te cellulose ether ki te mono-ether (pēnei i te methyl cellulose) me te ether whakauru (pēnei i te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose). E ai ki te rereke rereke, ka taea te wehewehe ki te wai-wairewa (penei i te hydroxyethyl cellulose) me te whakarewa-wairewa-wairewa (penei i te ethyl cellulose), me etahi atu. wehea ki momo inamata me te mata tukinotia momo whakaroa whakaroa.

Ko te tikanga o te mahi a te cellulose ether i roto i te kumete he penei:

1. I muri i te rewa o te cellulose ether i roto i te kumete i roto i te wai, ko te tohatoha whai hua me te riterite o nga mea cimentitious i roto i te punaha ka whakapumautia na te mahi o te mata. Ka rite ki te colloid tiaki, te cellulose ether "ka takai" nga matūriki totoka ka hiri ki te mata o waho. Hanga he kiriata whakahinuhinu, kia pai ake te punaha moata, me te whakapai ake i te rere o te kumete i te wa o te whakaranu me te maeneene o te hanga.
2. Na tona ake hanganga ngota, na te otinga cellulose ether e kore e ngawari te ngaro o te wai i roto i te kumete, me te tuku haere i roto i te waa roa, ka whakawhiwhia te moata ki te pupuri wai pai me te mahi.

2. Methyl cellulose

Methylcellulose (MC) tātai rāpoi [C6H7O2(OH)3-h(OCH3) n]x.

Whai muri i te maimoatanga o te miro parakore ki te kawakawa, ka puta te cellulose ether ma te raupapa o nga tauhohenga me te mewaro pūhaumāota hei kaihoko whakaeera. Ko te tikanga, ko te 1.6~2.0 te tohu whakakapinga, he rereke ano te whakarewatanga me nga nekehanga rereke o te whakakapi. No te ether cellulose kore-ionic.

1. He wairewa te Methylcellulose ki te wai matao, a ka uaua te memeha ki te wai wera. He tino pumau tona otinga wai i te awhe o te pH=3~12. He pai te hototahitanga ki te māngaro, kapia guar, aha atu, me te maha o nga surfactants. Ka tae te pamahana ki te mahana o te wai, ka puta te wai.
2. Ko te pupuri wai o te methylcellulose ka whakawhirinaki ki te nui o te taapiri, te pokey, te pai o te matūriki me te tere memeha. Ko te tikanga, mena he nui te taapiri, he iti te pai, he nui te pokey, he nui te reeti pupuri wai. I roto i a raatau, ko te nui o te taapiri he tino paanga ki te reiti pupuri wai, a, ko te taumata o te potata kaore i te rite ki te taumata o te reeti pupuri wai. Ko te tere o te whakakore i te nuinga ka whakawhirinaki ki te tohu o te whakarereketanga o te mata o nga matūriki cellulose me te pai o te matūriki. I roto i nga ethers cellulose i runga ake nei, ko te methyl cellulose me te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose he teitei ake te reiti pupuri wai.
3. Ko nga huringa o te pāmahana ka tino pa ki te pupuri wai o te methyl cellulose. Ko te tikanga, ka nui ake te pāmahana, ka kino te pupuri wai. Mena ka nui ake te pāmahana moata ki te 40°C, ka tino heke te pupuri wai o te methyl cellulose, ka tino pa ki te hanga o te moata.
4. He nui te paanga o te Methylcellulose ki te mahi me te piri o te moata. Ko te “adhesion” i konei e pa ana ki te kaha whakapiri i rongohia i waenga i te taputapu tono a te kaimahi me te tïpako pakitara, ara, te parenga kutikuti o te moata. He tiketike te adhesiveness, he nui te parenga kutikuti o te moata, me te kaha e hiahiatia ana e nga kaimahi i roto i te tukanga o te whakamahinga he nui ano hoki, a he kino te mahi hanga o te moata. Ko te piri o te Methyl cellulose kei te taumata ngawari i roto i nga hua cellulose ether.

3.Hydroxypropyl Methyl Cellulose

Ko te tauira ngota o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) he [C6H7O2(OH)3-mn(OCH3) m, OCH2CH(OH)CH3] n]x

Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he momo cellulose kei te tere haere te whakaputa me te kai. He katote-kore-kore-a-roto i konatunatua te etera mai i te miro parakore i muri i te whakamaaramatanga, ma te whakamahi i te propylene oxide me te methyl chloride hei kaihoko etherification, na roto i te raupapa tauhohenga. Ko te tohu o te whakakapinga ko te tikanga 1.2~2.0. He rereke ona ahuatanga na te rereke o nga owehenga o te ihirangi methoxyl me te ihirangi hydroxypropyl.

1. He ngawari te wairewa Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose i roto i te wai matao, engari ka uaua te rewa ki te wai wera. Engari he tino teitei ake te pāmahana o te wai wera i tera o te methyl cellulose. Ko te memehatanga i roto i te wai matao ka tino pai ake ki te methyl cellulose.
2. Ko te viscosity o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e pa ana ki tona taumaha ngota, me te nui o te taumaha ngota, te teitei ake o te viscosity. Ka pa ano te pamahana ki tona pokey, i te pikinga o te pāmahana, ka heke te pokey. Heoi, he iti ake te paanga o tona pokey teitei i te methyl cellulose. He pūmau tana otinga ina penapena ki te pāmahana rūma.
3. Ko te pupuri wai o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose e whakawhirinaki ana ki te nui o te taapiri, te viscosity, me etahi atu, me te tere o te pupuri wai i te nui o te taapiri he nui ake i tera o te methyl cellulose.
4. Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he pumau ki te waikawa me te kawakawa, a he tino pumau tona otinga wai i roto i te awhe o te pH = 2 ~ 12. He iti te paanga o te houra me te wai kotakota ki runga i ana mahi, engari ka taea e te kawakore te tere ake i te memeha me te whakanui ake i te pokey. Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he pumau ki nga tote noa, engari ka nui te kukū o te wairewa tote, ka piki ake te pokey o te otinga hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
5. Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ka taea te konatunatua ki nga pūhui polymer wairewa-wai hei hanga i tetahi otinga pokey teitei ake. Pērā i te waipiro polyvinyl, te māngaro ether, te kāpia huawhenua, aha atu.
6. Ko te Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose he pai ake te aukati i te methylcellulose, a he iti ake te kino o tana otinga e nga enzyme i te methylcellulose.
7. Ko te whakapiringa o te hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ki te hanga moata he teitei ake i tera o te methyl cellulose.

4.Hydroxyethyl cellulose

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

He mea hanga mai i te miro para parakore kua rongoatia ki te kawakore, ka tauhohe ki te ethylene oxide hei kaihoko whakaetere i te aroaro o te acetone. Ko te tohu o te whakakapinga ko te tikanga 1.5~2.0. He kaha te hydrophilicity me te ngawari ki te tango i te makuku.

1. He wairewa te Hydroxyethyl cellulose ki te wai matao, engari he uaua ki te memeha ki te wai wera. Ko tana otinga he pumau i te teitei o te pāmahana kaore he reera. Ka taea te whakamahi mo te wa roa i raro i te wera nui i roto i te kumete, engari he iti ake tona pupuri wai i tera o te methyl cellulose.
2. Ko te Hydroxyethyl cellulose he pumau ki te waikawa whanui me te kawakore, a ka taea e te kawakore te whakatere i tana whakakorenga me te whakanui ake i tona pokey. Ko tona mararatanga i roto i te wai he paku kino atu i tera o te methyl cellulose me te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose.
3. He pai te mahi a te Hydroxyethyl cellulose mo te kumete, engari he roa ake te wa whakaroa mo te sima.
4. Ko te mahinga o te hydroxyethyl cellulose i mahia e etahi umanga a-whare he iti ake i tera o te methyl cellulose na te nui o te wai me te nui o te pungarehu.

5.Carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC)[C6H7O2(OH)2OCH2COONa] n

Ko te Ether cellulose katote i hangaia mai i nga muka taiao (katunu, me etahi atu) i muri i te maimoatanga alkali, ma te whakamahi i te konutai mono-chloroacetate hei kaihoko etherification, me te whai i te raupapa o nga maimoatanga tauhohenga. Ko te tohu o te whakakapi i te nuinga o te 0.4 ~ 1.4, a ko tana mahi ka tino pa ki te tohu o te whakakapi.

1. Ko te Carboxymethyl cellulose he nui ake te hygroscopic, a ka nui ake te wai ina penapena i raro i nga tikanga whanui.
2. Karekau te wairewa wai Carboxymethyl cellulose e whakaputa i te ra, ka heke te pokey ki te piki o te pāmahana. Ka nui ake te mahana ki te 50°C, kare e taea te huri te pokey.
3. Ko tona pumau ka tino pa ki te pH. Ko te tikanga, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i te kumete i runga i te gypsum, engari kaua i roto i te kumete-sima. Ina tino kawakore, ka ngaro te pokey.
4. He iti ake te pupuri wai i tera o te methyl cellulose. He whakaroa i te kumete i runga i te gypsum me te whakaiti i tona kaha. Engari, he iti rawa te utu o te carboxymethyl cellulose i to te methyl cellulose.