Polyvinyl mmanya PVA

Polyvinyl mmanya (PVA) bụ polymer sịntetik nke sitere na vinyl acetate sitere na polymerization na hydrolysis na-esote. Ọ bụ polymer na-agbaze mmiri nke nwere ọtụtụ ngwa ngwa n'ihi ihe pụrụ iche ya. Ka anyị nyochaa ụfọdụ isi akụkụ nke mmanya polyvinyl:

1. Ọdịdị kemịkalụ: Polyvinyl mmanya na-eji otu ihe na-emegharị vine mmanya monomers. A na-ejikọta akụkụ mmanya mmanya vinyl ọnụ site na carbon-carbon single bond, na-akpụ agbụ polymer linear. Otú ọ dị, mmanya mmanya vinyl dị ọcha adịghị eguzosi ike, ya mere a na-emepụta mmanya polyvinyl site na hydrolysis nke polyvinyl acetate, ebe ụfọdụ n'ime acetate dị iche iche na-eji otu hydroxyl dochie anya.

2. Ngwongwo:

• Mmiri Solubility: Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị dị ịrịba ama nke PVA bụ elu mmiri solubility. Ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa n'ime mmiri iji mepụta ngwọta doro anya, viscous, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ngwa dị iche iche ebe a na-achọ nhazi mmiri.
• Ikike imepụta ihe nkiri: PVA nwere ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri na-agbanwe agbanwe, nke na-agbanwe agbanwe mgbe a na-etinye ya na ngwọta mmiri. Ihe nkiri ndị a nwere ike ọrụ dị mma, ihe mgbochi, na ntinye aka na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, na-eme ka ha baa uru na ngwa ndị dị ka mkpuchi, ihe mkpuchi, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa.
• Biocompatibility: A na-ahụta PVA dị ka ihe na-adabara na-adịghị egbu egbu na nke na-adịghị egbu egbu, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka iji ya na ọgwụ dị iche iche na ngwa ọgwụ, dị ka usoro nnyefe ọgwụ, akwa ọnya, na ihe nrịbama nke anụ ahụ.
• Nkwụsi ike nke kemịkalụ: PVA na-egosipụta nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ dị mma, na-eguzogide mmebi site na acid, bases, na organic solvents n'okpuru ọnọdụ nkịtị. Otú ọ dị, ọ nwere ike ịnweta hydrolysis n'okpuru ọnọdụ acidic ma ọ bụ alkaline, na-eduga ná mfu nke ihe onwunwe.

3. Ngwa: Polyvinyl mmanya nwere ọtụtụ ngwa n'ofe ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche:

• Adhesives: A na-ejikarị PVA eme ihe na-arụ ọrụ osisi, nkwakọ akwụkwọ, na ngwaahịa ndị na-azụ ahịa n'ihi nkwekọ ha dị mma, nkwụsị mmiri, na ịdị mfe nke iji.
• Akpụkpọ anụ: A na-eji eriri PVA eme ihe na ngwa akwa iji nye ike, nkwụsi ike abrasion, na nkwụsi ike akụkụ na akwa.
• Nkwakọ ngwaahịa: A na-eji ihe nkiri PVA eme ihe dị ka ihe nkwakọ ngwaahịa maka nri, ọgwụ na ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ n'ihi ihe mgbochi ha na biodegradability.
• Ihe mkpuchi akwụkwọ: A na-etinye ihe mkpuchi nke PVA na mpempe akwụkwọ na akwụkwọ iji mee ka ọ dị mma n'elu, mbipụta na nkwụsị mmiri.
• Ihe owuwu: A na-eji ihe ndị dabeere na PVA mee ihe na ihe owuwu dị ka ciment admixtures, plasta additives, and mortar modifiers iji kwalite ọrụ, adhesion, na ogologo oge.

4. Echiche gburugburu ebe obibi: Ọ bụ ezie na mmanya polyvinyl bụ ihe na-emebi emebi n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, ojiji ya na mkpofu ya ka nwere ike inwe mmetụta gburugburu ebe obibi. Biodegradation nke PVA na-emekarị site n'omume microbial na gburugburu ikuku ikuku, dị ka akụrụngwa composting ma ọ bụ osisi na-ekpocha mmiri. Otú ọ dị, na gburugburu anaerobic, dị ka ihe mkpofu, PVA nwere ike ịdịgide ruo ogologo oge. Mgbalị iji mepụta ihe ndị ọzọ nwere ike imegharị ndụ ma ọ bụ mmeghari ohuru na usoro PVA ọdịnala na-aga n'ihu iji belata nchegbu gburugburu ebe obibi ndị a.

Na nchịkọta, mmanya polyvinyl (PVA) bụ polymer na-agbanwe agbanwe nke nwere ngwa dị iche iche n'ihi ike mmiri ya, ike ịmepụta ihe nkiri, biocompatibility, na nkwụsi ike kemịkalụ. Ojiji ya na-agbasa ụlọ ọrụ dịka nrapado, akwa akwa, nkwakọ ngwaahịa, mkpuchi akwụkwọ na ihe eji arụ ọrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na PVA na-enye ọtụtụ uru, nleba anya gburugburu ebe obibi na mbọ iji mepụta ihe ndị ọzọ na-adigide bụ ihe dị mkpa na-eji na mmepe ya na-aga n'ihu.